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題名 未分配盈餘稅務訴訟案件於修法後實務運作之研究
A study about the practical application of the undistributed profit tax judicials after the revision
作者 黃映智
貢獻者 許崇源
黃映智
關鍵詞 未分配盈餘
兩稅合一
爭點變化
稅務風險
日期 2010
上傳時間 29-Sep-2011 16:38:51 (UTC+8)
摘要   未分配盈餘於94年修正前後之稅務案件爭議問題,先前並無相關之實證研究,有關法律修正前後之爭點(issue)變化,是否符合修法時之立法目的即有待觀察。本研究蒐集台北、台中及高雄高等行政法院之判決,統計分析主要之案件爭點,並分析爭點及案件數變化情形。

  本研究實證結論如下:
  (一)爭點變化及案件數情形
    1. 涉及法律規定或法律見解變更部分
      修法後,爭議已大幅減少,但須注意本稅課稅基礎未修正前,未
      分配盈餘案件與本稅案件之連動關係。
    2. 涉及是否善盡舉證責任部分
      此部分與修法之爭議無關,故案件數並無明顯之增減變化,但應
      注意舉證之問題。
    3. 租稅優惠—研究發展支出
      此部分涉及特定之租稅優惠政策,爭議重點在於審查之密度及租
      稅優惠立法目的得否落實之問題,爭點及案件數與未分配盈餘修
      法較無關連性。

  (二)研究建議
    1. 法院部分
      可逐步累積整理爭點類型,並採取一致之判決見解,並可考量訴
      訟外之紛爭解決方式(例如促成兩造和解),以降低徵納雙方之
      爭議。
    2. 被告部分
      訂定函釋時,應考量納稅義務人及會計師之意見,並於進行行政
      爭訟程序時,及時整理案件類型,並參酌判決見解,定期審查行
      政機關之見解是否合宜。
    3. 原告部分
      首重及時預測未來之稅務風險,並依產業別分別採取對自己有利
      之措施,另應積極保存有利之證據,以利訴訟上之舉證。
  There is no exploring about the revision of the undistributed profit tax in 2005; thus, it is worth studying whether the changes of the issue conform to the purpose of the tax law before and after 2005. This study collects the judgments made by Taipei, Taichung, and Kaohsiung Administrative Courts, and analyzes prime issues and the changes about the number of cases.

  This study concludes as follows:
  1. Changes of the issues and the number of cases
  (1) Relating to changes in law regulations and opinions
  After the revision, disputes have been greatly decreased, but the relationship between the undistributed profit cases and the income tax cases before the revision of the income tax base should be noticed.
  (2) Relating to fulfilling the burden of proof
The burden of proof has nothing to do with the revision, so there is no obvious change about the number of cases. But the problem of proof should be noticed.
  (3) Tax privilege – research and development expense
  It is relevant to the tax privilege policy, and the disputes focused on the density of investigation and the problem of realizing the purpose of the tax privilege. Issues, as well as cases have little relationship with the revision of the undistributed profit tax.

  2. Recommendations
  (1) As for Courts
  They could cumulate the types of the issues gradually, and make unanimous judgments. Moreover, they could consider alternative dispute solution other than judicial action to reduce disputes, for example, impelling both parties to compromise.
  (2) As for defendants
  When formulating administrative directions, dependants should take taxpayers and accountants’ opinions into consideration. Further, when processing judicial procedures, arrange the types of the issues promptly, and referring to the judgments, examine if their directions is formulated appropriately.
  (3) As for plaintiffs
  It is important to predict future tax risk timely. Plaintiffs should adopt measures based on industry types which are benefit to themselves. Besides, they should preserve advantageous evidences for them to proof in the litigation.
參考文獻 王建棟,2003,兩稅合一稅制對資本投資與股利政策影響之實證研究,中原大學會計學系碩士論文。
何瑞芳、蔡碧珍,1998,我國兩稅合一制度與實務解析,台中:冠恆國際企業管理顧問公司。
余文彬,2006,探討新制未分配盈餘下投資損益,稅務旬刊,第1978期(9月),12-15。
李秀玉,2005,未分配盈餘加徵百分之十營利事業所得稅對企業創新活動之實證研究,國立政治大學會計學系碩士論文。
林燕瑜,2002,兩稅合一制下未分配盈餘加徵百分之十營利事業所得稅之探討,國立臺北大學會計學系碩士論文。
翁玉紋,2002,未分配盈餘加徵百分之十營利事業得稅之研究,國立中正大學會計學研究所碩士論文。
張清讚,2005,論未分配盈餘加徵之存廢,稅務旬刊,第1941期(8月),7-10。
張莞兒,2009,未分配盈餘加徵10%稅負與企業投資決策之關係,國立政治大學會計學系碩士論文。
許崇源,2001,未分配盈餘之計算與探討,稅務旬刊,第1779期(2月),8-17。
許崇源,2001,未分配盈餘加徵所得稅改以財務會計所得為準之影響,實用稅務,第321期(9月),58-63。
許崇源,2001,兩稅合一制度與會計,台北:新陸。
陳明進,2010,舊制與新制稅法未分配盈餘加徵稅負之實證研究,管理評論,第29卷,第1期(1月),1-18。
陳建宏,2006,現行未分配盈餘加徵制度存廢之研究,國立臺北大學會計學系在職專班碩士論文。
陳燕菱,2008,未分配盈餘加徵制度修正前後對企業影響之探討,東吳大學會計學系碩士在職專班碩士論文。
黃文傑,2003,對未分配盈餘課稅及其替代方案之租稅公平性分析之研究,國立臺灣大學會計學研究所碩士論文。
黃俊杰;翁玉紋,2006,兩稅合一與未分配盈餘,財稅研究,第38卷,第3期(5月),1-11。
蔡幸容,2001,現行未分配盈餘課稅制度之探討,淡江大學會計學系碩士班碩士論文。
鄭丁旺,2010,中級會計學〈下冊〉第十版,台北:鄭丁旺。
謝碧峰,2006,兩稅合一未分配盈餘申報計算基礎之研究,國立臺北大學會計學系碩士在職專班碩士論文。
Columbia Law Review Association, Inc. 1943. Taxation, income tax, stock distributions, legislative intent, Columbia Law Review 43 (May): 537-540.
Graham B. 1936. The undistributed profits tax and the investor, The Yale Law Journal 46 (November): 1-18.
John B. Martin, Jr. 1936. Taxation of undistributed corporate profits, Michigan Law Review 35 (November): 44-72.
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
會計研究所
97353013
99
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0097353013
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 許崇源zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 黃映智zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 黃映智zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 2010en_US
dc.date.accessioned 29-Sep-2011 16:38:51 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 29-Sep-2011 16:38:51 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 29-Sep-2011 16:38:51 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0097353013en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/50767-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 會計研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 97353013zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 99zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要)   未分配盈餘於94年修正前後之稅務案件爭議問題,先前並無相關之實證研究,有關法律修正前後之爭點(issue)變化,是否符合修法時之立法目的即有待觀察。本研究蒐集台北、台中及高雄高等行政法院之判決,統計分析主要之案件爭點,並分析爭點及案件數變化情形。

  本研究實證結論如下:
  (一)爭點變化及案件數情形
    1. 涉及法律規定或法律見解變更部分
      修法後,爭議已大幅減少,但須注意本稅課稅基礎未修正前,未
      分配盈餘案件與本稅案件之連動關係。
    2. 涉及是否善盡舉證責任部分
      此部分與修法之爭議無關,故案件數並無明顯之增減變化,但應
      注意舉證之問題。
    3. 租稅優惠—研究發展支出
      此部分涉及特定之租稅優惠政策,爭議重點在於審查之密度及租
      稅優惠立法目的得否落實之問題,爭點及案件數與未分配盈餘修
      法較無關連性。

  (二)研究建議
    1. 法院部分
      可逐步累積整理爭點類型,並採取一致之判決見解,並可考量訴
      訟外之紛爭解決方式(例如促成兩造和解),以降低徵納雙方之
      爭議。
    2. 被告部分
      訂定函釋時,應考量納稅義務人及會計師之意見,並於進行行政
      爭訟程序時,及時整理案件類型,並參酌判決見解,定期審查行
      政機關之見解是否合宜。
    3. 原告部分
      首重及時預測未來之稅務風險,並依產業別分別採取對自己有利
      之措施,另應積極保存有利之證據,以利訴訟上之舉證。
zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要)   There is no exploring about the revision of the undistributed profit tax in 2005; thus, it is worth studying whether the changes of the issue conform to the purpose of the tax law before and after 2005. This study collects the judgments made by Taipei, Taichung, and Kaohsiung Administrative Courts, and analyzes prime issues and the changes about the number of cases.

  This study concludes as follows:
  1. Changes of the issues and the number of cases
  (1) Relating to changes in law regulations and opinions
  After the revision, disputes have been greatly decreased, but the relationship between the undistributed profit cases and the income tax cases before the revision of the income tax base should be noticed.
  (2) Relating to fulfilling the burden of proof
The burden of proof has nothing to do with the revision, so there is no obvious change about the number of cases. But the problem of proof should be noticed.
  (3) Tax privilege – research and development expense
  It is relevant to the tax privilege policy, and the disputes focused on the density of investigation and the problem of realizing the purpose of the tax privilege. Issues, as well as cases have little relationship with the revision of the undistributed profit tax.

  2. Recommendations
  (1) As for Courts
  They could cumulate the types of the issues gradually, and make unanimous judgments. Moreover, they could consider alternative dispute solution other than judicial action to reduce disputes, for example, impelling both parties to compromise.
  (2) As for defendants
  When formulating administrative directions, dependants should take taxpayers and accountants’ opinions into consideration. Further, when processing judicial procedures, arrange the types of the issues promptly, and referring to the judgments, examine if their directions is formulated appropriately.
  (3) As for plaintiffs
  It is important to predict future tax risk timely. Plaintiffs should adopt measures based on industry types which are benefit to themselves. Besides, they should preserve advantageous evidences for them to proof in the litigation.
en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 壹、緒論             1
  一、研究動機           1
  二、研究目的           4
  三、研究架構           7
貳、文獻探討           9
  一、兩稅合一制度與未分配盈餘之課稅 9
  二、未分配盈餘之課稅       11
  三、未分配盈餘課稅問題研討    18
參、研究方法           27
  一、研究假說           27
  二、研究設計           27
肆、未分配盈餘訴訟案件爭點分析  30
  一、概說             30
  二、收入端相關爭點        33
  三、費用端相關爭點        55
  四、利益端相關爭點        77
  五、損失端相關爭點        77
  六、租稅優惠相關爭點—研究發展支出 94
伍、研究結論與建議        106
  一、研究發現及結論        106
  二、研究建議           108
參考文獻             112
附件               114
zh_TW
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0097353013en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 未分配盈餘zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 兩稅合一zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 爭點變化zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 稅務風險zh_TW
dc.title (題名) 未分配盈餘稅務訴訟案件於修法後實務運作之研究zh_TW
dc.title (題名) A study about the practical application of the undistributed profit tax judicials after the revisionen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 王建棟,2003,兩稅合一稅制對資本投資與股利政策影響之實證研究,中原大學會計學系碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 何瑞芳、蔡碧珍,1998,我國兩稅合一制度與實務解析,台中:冠恆國際企業管理顧問公司。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 余文彬,2006,探討新制未分配盈餘下投資損益,稅務旬刊,第1978期(9月),12-15。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 李秀玉,2005,未分配盈餘加徵百分之十營利事業所得稅對企業創新活動之實證研究,國立政治大學會計學系碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 林燕瑜,2002,兩稅合一制下未分配盈餘加徵百分之十營利事業所得稅之探討,國立臺北大學會計學系碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 翁玉紋,2002,未分配盈餘加徵百分之十營利事業得稅之研究,國立中正大學會計學研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 張清讚,2005,論未分配盈餘加徵之存廢,稅務旬刊,第1941期(8月),7-10。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 張莞兒,2009,未分配盈餘加徵10%稅負與企業投資決策之關係,國立政治大學會計學系碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 許崇源,2001,未分配盈餘之計算與探討,稅務旬刊,第1779期(2月),8-17。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 許崇源,2001,未分配盈餘加徵所得稅改以財務會計所得為準之影響,實用稅務,第321期(9月),58-63。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 許崇源,2001,兩稅合一制度與會計,台北:新陸。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 陳明進,2010,舊制與新制稅法未分配盈餘加徵稅負之實證研究,管理評論,第29卷,第1期(1月),1-18。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 陳建宏,2006,現行未分配盈餘加徵制度存廢之研究,國立臺北大學會計學系在職專班碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 陳燕菱,2008,未分配盈餘加徵制度修正前後對企業影響之探討,東吳大學會計學系碩士在職專班碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 黃文傑,2003,對未分配盈餘課稅及其替代方案之租稅公平性分析之研究,國立臺灣大學會計學研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 黃俊杰;翁玉紋,2006,兩稅合一與未分配盈餘,財稅研究,第38卷,第3期(5月),1-11。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 蔡幸容,2001,現行未分配盈餘課稅制度之探討,淡江大學會計學系碩士班碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 鄭丁旺,2010,中級會計學〈下冊〉第十版,台北:鄭丁旺。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 謝碧峰,2006,兩稅合一未分配盈餘申報計算基礎之研究,國立臺北大學會計學系碩士在職專班碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Columbia Law Review Association, Inc. 1943. Taxation, income tax, stock distributions, legislative intent, Columbia Law Review 43 (May): 537-540.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Graham B. 1936. The undistributed profits tax and the investor, The Yale Law Journal 46 (November): 1-18.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) John B. Martin, Jr. 1936. Taxation of undistributed corporate profits, Michigan Law Review 35 (November): 44-72.zh_TW