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題名 原物料指數與總經物價指數關聯性分析
The analysis of the relationship between commodity price index and macroeconomic price indexes
作者 謝濱宇
貢獻者 張興華
謝濱宇
關鍵詞 原物料價格
向量自我迴歸
向量誤差修正模型
Granger因果分析
衝擊反應分析
Commodity Price
VAR
VECM
Granger Causality Test
Impulse Response Analysis
日期 2010
上傳時間 29-Sep-2011 16:50:41 (UTC+8)
摘要 本篇主要為原物料指數與總體經濟物價間動態關聯性的研究。由於近年來糧食價格高漲,本研究選取CRB現貨指數(Commodity Research Bureau)、CCI期貨指數(Continuous Commodity Index),與CRB農產品指數為原物料指數以觀察原物料價格對總體面物價影響的程度;研究期間為2001年10月至2011年3月;總經物價指標選擇生產者物價指數(PPI)、消費者物價指數(CPI)、再加上國內生產毛額(GDP);選取的國家為美國、臺灣與中國。本研究以Johansen共整合、向量自我迴歸模型、向量誤差修正模型、Granger因果關係檢定及衝擊反應分析等方法,探討三項原物料指數與總體經濟指標的互動關係。
     
      研究結果顯示,原物料指數與總體指標之間的長期均衡關係不明顯。因果檢定顯示,CCI指數在因果檢定上領先CRB指數與CRB農產品指數;除了美國的GDP之外,CCI指數也領先各項總體經濟指標,但不論是CRB現貨指數或CRB農產品指數,對總經物價指標的領先-落後關係都不明顯,表示在CCI指數為較佳的預測指標。由衝擊反應分析的結果顯示,除了有共整合關係的變數間相互影響為長期性之外,受影響的物價指標僅在短期內會受到原物料價格變動的影響:總體物價指標面對原物料價格波動的反應約3期之後反應便逐漸消失,顯示原物料價格與總體物價指數之間的短期失衡期間並不長。
This paper investigates the relationship between the commodity indexes and macroeconomic price indexes. Due to the sharp increase of food price in recent years, we add CRB index (Commodity Research Bureau), CCI index (Continuous Commodity Index), and CRB foodstuffs index in the research to see the magnitude of commodity price indexes to macroeconomic price indexes. This paper selects United State, Taiwan and China as samples and manages to find out the relationship of commodity indexes and macroeconomic price indexes by applying monthly data from October 2001 to March 2011. Macroeconomic price indexes are PPI (Producer Price Index), CPI( Consumer Price Index) and plus GDP Index. This paper tries to get the answer by applying Johansen Cointegration Test, Vector Autoregression Model(VAR), Vector Error Correction Model (VECM), Granger causality test and Impulse Response Analysis.
     
      The result does not show obvious long-term relationship between commodity price indexes and macroeconomic price indexes; and Granger causality test exhibits that CCI index takes the lead in the change of time. But we do not get consistent result between CRB index, CRB foodstuffs index and macroeconomic price indexes in Granger causality test which means commodity spot indexes do not necessarily lead in the change of time. This result implies that CCI index a better indicator in forecasting. According to Impulse Response Analysis, macroeconomic price indexes are influenced by commodity index only in a short period of time and this result tells us that the disequilibrium between commodity indexes and macroeconomic price indexes will not last long.
參考文獻 國內文獻部分
1.王天賜(2004),「原油價格, 台灣股價指數與總體經濟的關聯性」,國立東華大學國際經濟系碩士論文。
2.王家美(2009),「國際原油價格與總體經濟之間的關聯性」,逢甲大學財務金融研究所碩士論文。
3.林建智 (2006),「原油價格與股價關係之探討-以美國及台灣為例」, 世新大學管理學院財務金融學系碩士論文。
4.陳旭昇(2007),「時間序列分析—總體經濟與財務金融之應用」,東華書局。
5.陳虹均、郭炳伸、林信助 (2011),「能源價格衝擊與台灣總體經濟」,台灣經濟預測與政策。
6.郭宗憲(2008),「世界主要原物料價格指數與台灣消費者物價指數的關聯性」,國立交通大學經營管理研究所碩士論文。
7.張懿芬(2004),「股價波動的總體因素—以台灣、南韓、新加坡及香港為例」,南華大學經濟研究所碩士論文。
8.彭明輝(2011),「糧食危機關鍵報告—台灣觀察」,商周出版
9.楊奕農(2009),「時間序列分析─經濟與財務上之應用」第二版,雙葉書廊。
10.廖俊男(2006),「Reuters/Jefferies CRB 期貨指數之探討」,國際金融參考資料,第52輯,頁12-26。
11.趙翊伶(2010),「CRB商品指數與高息或幣匯率之關係」,國立中正大學財務金融研究所碩士論文。
12.鄧傑明(2006),「澳洲的匯率和原物料價格變動之間的關係」,臺灣大學國際企業研究所碩士論文。
13. 蔡睿宇(2008),「CRB商品指數與股價指數、匯率及油價關聯性之研究」,淡江大學管理科學研究所碩士論文。
14. 謝鎮州(2006),「股票、黃金與原油價格互動關係之研究—以臺灣為例」,逢甲大學經濟研究所碩士論文。
國外文獻部分
1.Barnhart, S.,1989.“The Effects of Macroeconomic Announcements on Commodity Prices.”American Journal of Agricultural Economics, May,pp. 389–403
2.Bruckner, M. and A.Ciccone (2010),“International Commodity Price Shocks, Growth and the Outbreak of Civil War in Sub-Saharan Africa”, The Economic Journal,Vol.120,pp519-534.
3.Cooper, R.N. and R.Z. Lawrence, (1975),“The 1972-75 Commodity Boom,” Bookings Papers on Economic Activities, Vol.3, pp.671-723.
4.Dicky,D. and W. Fuller(1979),“Distribution of the Estimation for Autoregressive Tine Series with a Unit Root.”Journal of the American Statistical Association, Vol.74,No.(366),pp.427-431
5.Dieter,H., H.Huang, and A.Niessen(2007),“How Do Commodity Futures Respond to Macroeconomic News?”Financial Markets and Portfolio Management, Vol.22, No2, pp 127-146,
6. Engle,R. and C.Granger(1987),“Cointegration and Error Correction:Representation,Estimation and Testing.”Econometrica,Vol55, No2.pp.251-276
7.Frankel, J.A.,(1986),“ Expectations and Commodity Price Dynamics, the Overshooting Model.”American Journal of Agricultural Economics ,May, pp. 344–348
8.Ghosh,J.(2010),“The Unnatural Coupling: Food and Global Finance” J.Agrarian Change, Vol 10 No.1 pp.72-86
9. Gisser,M.,and T.H. Goodwin (1986),“Crude oil and the macroeconomy: "Tests of some popular notions” Journal of Money,Credit and Banking, Vol.18, No1, pp.95-103.
10. Granger, C. (1969),“Investigation Causal Relations by Econometric Model and Cross Spectral Methods.”Econometrica,Vol.37, pp.424-438
11. Granger, C. and P. Newbold (1974),“ Spurious regressions in Econometrics.”Journal of Econometrics, Vol2.No2, pp.111-120
12. Hess, D. ,H.Huang and A Niessen (2008), How Do Commodity Futures Respond to Macroeconomic News?” Financial Markets and Portfolio Management, Vo.22, No.2,pp.127-146
13.Huang, Chao-His (1989),“Post-war Taiwan Business Cycle:Evidence from International factor.”Taiwan Economic Review, Vol.17:1, 1-19
14.Hamilton, J.D.(1983),"Oil and the Macroeconomy since World War II," Journal of Political Economy, Vol.91, No.2, pp.228-248.
15. Hamilton, J.D.(1996),"This is What Happened to the Oil Price Macroeconomy Relationship, " Journal of Monetary Economics, vol.38, No2, pp.215-220.
16. Hamilton, J.D. (2003),"What Is an Oil Shock?" Journal of Econometrics Vol.113,No7,pp 363-398.
17. Hooker,and A. Mark (1996), “What happened to the oil
price-macroeconomy relationship?” Journal of Monetary Economics Vol.38,pp.195-213,221-222
18. Hua,P.(1998),“On Primary Commodity Prices: The Impact of Macroeconomic/Monetary Shocks”Journal of Policy Modeling, Vol.20,pp.767-790
19. Johansen, S.(1988),“Statistical Analysis of Cointegration Vectors.” Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control,Vol.17 No.3,pp.359-373
20.Johansen,S. and K.Juselius (1990),“Maximum Likelihood Estimation and Inference on Cointegration with Application to the Demand for Money,” Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics,Vol.52,pp.169-210.
21. Kilian,L.,(2008),“Exogenous Oil Supply Shocks: How Big Are They and How Much Do They Matter for the U.S. Economy? ”The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press,Vol.90, No.2,p p.216-240
22. Lown, C.J.,and R.W. Asplund“ The CRB Commodity Yearbook 2009”
23. Mork, K.(1989),“Oil and the macroeconomy when prices go up and of Hamilton’s results”,Journal of Political Economy, Vol.97, pp.740-744.
24. Mork,K.A.,O.Olsen,and H.T.Mysen (1994),“Macroeconomic
Responses to Oil Price Increases and Decreases in Seven OECD
Countries”, Energy Journal, Vol15, No.4, pp.19-36
25. Newey, W. and D West (1987), “A Simple Positive Semi-define, Heteroskedastic and Autocorrelation Consistent Covariance Matrix.” Econometrica Vol.55,No.3 pp.703-708.
26. Newey, W. and D West (1994), “Automatic Lag Selection in Covariance Matrix Estimation.” Review of Economic Studies,Vol.61, No.4 pp.631-653
27. Perron, P. (1989),“The Great Crash, the Oil Price Shock, and the Unit Root Hypothesis.” Econometrica Vol.57, No.6 pp.1361-1401.
28. Phillips,P. and P.Perron(1988),“Testing for A Unit Root in Time Series regression.” Biometrika,Vol.75, No2, 335-346
29.Said,E. and D. Dickey(1984), “Macroeconomics and Reality.” Econometrica, Vol.48 pp.11-48
30.Sardorsky,P.(1999), “Oil Price Shocks and Stock Market Activity.” Energy Economics, Vol.21, NO.5 pp.449-469
31.Westhoff, P.(2011)“The Economics of Food: How Feeding and Fueling the Planet Affect” FT Press, March 2010, ISBN: 0-13-700610-1
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
金融研究所
98352004
99
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0983520041
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 張興華zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 謝濱宇zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 謝濱宇zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 2010en_US
dc.date.accessioned 29-Sep-2011 16:50:41 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 29-Sep-2011 16:50:41 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 29-Sep-2011 16:50:41 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0983520041en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/50855-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 金融研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 98352004zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 99zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本篇主要為原物料指數與總體經濟物價間動態關聯性的研究。由於近年來糧食價格高漲,本研究選取CRB現貨指數(Commodity Research Bureau)、CCI期貨指數(Continuous Commodity Index),與CRB農產品指數為原物料指數以觀察原物料價格對總體面物價影響的程度;研究期間為2001年10月至2011年3月;總經物價指標選擇生產者物價指數(PPI)、消費者物價指數(CPI)、再加上國內生產毛額(GDP);選取的國家為美國、臺灣與中國。本研究以Johansen共整合、向量自我迴歸模型、向量誤差修正模型、Granger因果關係檢定及衝擊反應分析等方法,探討三項原物料指數與總體經濟指標的互動關係。
     
      研究結果顯示,原物料指數與總體指標之間的長期均衡關係不明顯。因果檢定顯示,CCI指數在因果檢定上領先CRB指數與CRB農產品指數;除了美國的GDP之外,CCI指數也領先各項總體經濟指標,但不論是CRB現貨指數或CRB農產品指數,對總經物價指標的領先-落後關係都不明顯,表示在CCI指數為較佳的預測指標。由衝擊反應分析的結果顯示,除了有共整合關係的變數間相互影響為長期性之外,受影響的物價指標僅在短期內會受到原物料價格變動的影響:總體物價指標面對原物料價格波動的反應約3期之後反應便逐漸消失,顯示原物料價格與總體物價指數之間的短期失衡期間並不長。
zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) This paper investigates the relationship between the commodity indexes and macroeconomic price indexes. Due to the sharp increase of food price in recent years, we add CRB index (Commodity Research Bureau), CCI index (Continuous Commodity Index), and CRB foodstuffs index in the research to see the magnitude of commodity price indexes to macroeconomic price indexes. This paper selects United State, Taiwan and China as samples and manages to find out the relationship of commodity indexes and macroeconomic price indexes by applying monthly data from October 2001 to March 2011. Macroeconomic price indexes are PPI (Producer Price Index), CPI( Consumer Price Index) and plus GDP Index. This paper tries to get the answer by applying Johansen Cointegration Test, Vector Autoregression Model(VAR), Vector Error Correction Model (VECM), Granger causality test and Impulse Response Analysis.
     
      The result does not show obvious long-term relationship between commodity price indexes and macroeconomic price indexes; and Granger causality test exhibits that CCI index takes the lead in the change of time. But we do not get consistent result between CRB index, CRB foodstuffs index and macroeconomic price indexes in Granger causality test which means commodity spot indexes do not necessarily lead in the change of time. This result implies that CCI index a better indicator in forecasting. According to Impulse Response Analysis, macroeconomic price indexes are influenced by commodity index only in a short period of time and this result tells us that the disequilibrium between commodity indexes and macroeconomic price indexes will not last long.
en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 摘要 I
     英文摘要 II
     致謝 III
     目錄 IV
     圖目錄 V
     表目錄 VI
     第一章 緒論 1
     第二章 文獻回顧 9
     第三章 研究方法 13
     第一節 單根檢定 14
     第二節 向量自我迴歸模型 17
     第三節 共整合分析 18
     第三節 向量誤差修正模型 20
     第四節 GRANGER因果關係檢定 21
     第五節 衝擊反應分析 22
     第四章 實證結果與分析 23
     第一節 單根檢定 24
     第二節 原物料指數與各國總經指標共整合分析 27
     第三節 迴歸結果分析與因果關係檢定 33
     第四節 衝擊反應分析 50
     第五章 結論與建議 60
     第一節 結論 60
     第二節 對後續研究之建議 62
     參考文獻 63
zh_TW
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0983520041en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 原物料價格zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 向量自我迴歸zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 向量誤差修正模型zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Granger因果分析zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 衝擊反應分析zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Commodity Priceen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) VARen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) VECMen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Granger Causality Testen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Impulse Response Analysisen_US
dc.title (題名) 原物料指數與總經物價指數關聯性分析zh_TW
dc.title (題名) The analysis of the relationship between commodity price index and macroeconomic price indexesen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 國內文獻部分zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 1.王天賜(2004),「原油價格, 台灣股價指數與總體經濟的關聯性」,國立東華大學國際經濟系碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 2.王家美(2009),「國際原油價格與總體經濟之間的關聯性」,逢甲大學財務金融研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 3.林建智 (2006),「原油價格與股價關係之探討-以美國及台灣為例」, 世新大學管理學院財務金融學系碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 4.陳旭昇(2007),「時間序列分析—總體經濟與財務金融之應用」,東華書局。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 5.陳虹均、郭炳伸、林信助 (2011),「能源價格衝擊與台灣總體經濟」,台灣經濟預測與政策。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 6.郭宗憲(2008),「世界主要原物料價格指數與台灣消費者物價指數的關聯性」,國立交通大學經營管理研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 7.張懿芬(2004),「股價波動的總體因素—以台灣、南韓、新加坡及香港為例」,南華大學經濟研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 8.彭明輝(2011),「糧食危機關鍵報告—台灣觀察」,商周出版zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 9.楊奕農(2009),「時間序列分析─經濟與財務上之應用」第二版,雙葉書廊。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 10.廖俊男(2006),「Reuters/Jefferies CRB 期貨指數之探討」,國際金融參考資料,第52輯,頁12-26。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 11.趙翊伶(2010),「CRB商品指數與高息或幣匯率之關係」,國立中正大學財務金融研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 12.鄧傑明(2006),「澳洲的匯率和原物料價格變動之間的關係」,臺灣大學國際企業研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 13. 蔡睿宇(2008),「CRB商品指數與股價指數、匯率及油價關聯性之研究」,淡江大學管理科學研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 14. 謝鎮州(2006),「股票、黃金與原油價格互動關係之研究—以臺灣為例」,逢甲大學經濟研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 國外文獻部分zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 1.Barnhart, S.,1989.“The Effects of Macroeconomic Announcements on Commodity Prices.”American Journal of Agricultural Economics, May,pp. 389–403zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 2.Bruckner, M. and A.Ciccone (2010),“International Commodity Price Shocks, Growth and the Outbreak of Civil War in Sub-Saharan Africa”, The Economic Journal,Vol.120,pp519-534.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 3.Cooper, R.N. and R.Z. Lawrence, (1975),“The 1972-75 Commodity Boom,” Bookings Papers on Economic Activities, Vol.3, pp.671-723.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 4.Dicky,D. and W. Fuller(1979),“Distribution of the Estimation for Autoregressive Tine Series with a Unit Root.”Journal of the American Statistical Association, Vol.74,No.(366),pp.427-431zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 5.Dieter,H., H.Huang, and A.Niessen(2007),“How Do Commodity Futures Respond to Macroeconomic News?”Financial Markets and Portfolio Management, Vol.22, No2, pp 127-146,zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 6. Engle,R. and C.Granger(1987),“Cointegration and Error Correction:Representation,Estimation and Testing.”Econometrica,Vol55, No2.pp.251-276zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 7.Frankel, J.A.,(1986),“ Expectations and Commodity Price Dynamics, the Overshooting Model.”American Journal of Agricultural Economics ,May, pp. 344–348zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 8.Ghosh,J.(2010),“The Unnatural Coupling: Food and Global Finance” J.Agrarian Change, Vol 10 No.1 pp.72-86zh_TW
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