| dc.contributor.advisor | 趙知章 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author (Authors) | 李曉怡 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author (Authors) | Lee, Hsiao Yi | en_US |
| dc.creator (作者) | 李曉怡 | zh_TW |
| dc.creator (作者) | Lee, Hsiao Yi | en_US |
| dc.date (日期) | 2010 | en_US |
| dc.date.accessioned | 12-Apr-2012 14:12:31 (UTC+8) | - |
| dc.date.available | 12-Apr-2012 14:12:31 (UTC+8) | - |
| dc.date.issued (上傳時間) | 12-Apr-2012 14:12:31 (UTC+8) | - |
| dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) | G0098754005 | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri (URI) | http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/52638 | - |
| dc.description (描述) | 碩士 | zh_TW |
| dc.description (描述) | 國立政治大學 | zh_TW |
| dc.description (描述) | 神經科學研究所 | zh_TW |
| dc.description (描述) | 98754005 | zh_TW |
| dc.description (描述) | 99 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract (摘要) | 蛋白激酶 CK2 是一種具有多種功能的絲胺酸/蘇胺酸蛋白質激酶，其作用的受質眾多且普遍存在於哺乳類動物細胞中。從許多的研究結果顯示，蛋白激酶 CK2 參與調節許多的神經系統功能其中包括有神經保護作用，但是其分子層面的機制目前尚未釐清。DARPP-32（Dopamine- and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein, Mr 32 kDa）主要表現在紋狀體中型多刺狀 GABA 神經元中的蛋白質，參與調控與藥物成癮相關的多巴胺訊息傳遞路徑，不過，近年來的一些研究報告指出DARPP-32亦參與了細胞的抗凋亡作用。雖然先前已有研究發現DARPP-32 Ser102胺基酸是CK2的磷酸化作用受質，但是並沒有進一步的研究證實，該胺基酸的磷酸化作用是否參與CK2所調控的細胞機制。屬於抗細胞凋亡蛋白Bcl-2 家族成員之ㄧ的bcl-x基因會經由pre-mRNA選擇性剪裁機制（alternative splicing）而產生兩種異構蛋白Bcl-xL和Bcl-xS，其中Bcl-xL蛋白被證實會促進細胞存活；而Bcl-xS蛋白則會造成細胞死亡。實驗室先前的研究結果發現，在神經滋養因子BDNF的刺激下，CK2可以促進Bcl-xL基因的表現，因此本論文欲進一步探討CK2對DARPP-32 Ser102的磷酸化作用是否參與CK2的抗細胞凋亡訊息傳遞，進而影響Bcl-xL和Bcl-xS的表現。實驗結果顯示，轉染野生型CK2α DNA質體會增加DARPP-32 Ser102的磷酸化現象、Bcl-xL的蛋白質表現以及Bcl-xL/Bcl-xS mRNA的比例；而處理 CK2 抑制劑 TBB 或轉染 CK2α siRNA則會降低 DARPP-32 Ser102的磷酸化現象、Bcl-xL的蛋白質表現以及Bcl-xL/Bcl-xS mRNA的比例。此外，轉染 DARPP-32 siRNA會降低 Bcl-xL的蛋白質表現。轉染模擬之磷酸化構型的DARPP-32 S102D DNA質體會增加Bcl-xL的蛋白質表現以及Bcl-xL/Bcl-xS mRNA的比例；但是，轉染突變型DARPP-32 S102A DNA質體則會降低Bcl-xL的蛋白質表現以及Bcl-xL/Bcl-xS mRNA的比例。進一步利用野生型CK2α和DARPP-32 S102A DNA質體進行細胞共同轉染的實驗結果則發現，DARPP-32 S102A會拮抗野生型 CK2α對促進Bcl-xL蛋白質表現的作用；另外，利用過氧過氫產生細胞氧化逆境下，CK2α或DARPP-32 siRNA處理可以顯著降低 DARPP-32 Ser102的磷酸化現象、Bcl-xL的蛋白質表現以及Bcl-xL/Bcl-xS mRNA的比例，同時會顯著造成細胞凋亡。綜合本論文的實驗結果，顯示CK2會透過DARPP-32 Ser102的磷酸化作用而調控Bcl-xL以及Bcl-xS的表現，而且在氧化逆境下，此條細胞訊息傳遞路徑應參與了細胞的抗凋亡機制。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract (摘要) | Protein kinase CK2 is a multifunctional serine/threonine protein kinase with many protein substrares and is ubiquitously expressed in mammalian cells. Many studies have shown that CK2 is involved in many neuronal functions including neuroprotection, but its cellular mechanisms are not well-studied. DARPP-32 (Dopamine- and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein, Mr 32 kDa) is highly enriched in striatal medium-size spiny GABA neurons and is a prominent mediator of dopamine signalling which relates with drug abuse. Beside its well-known function in drug abuse, recent studies also reveal that DARPP-32 may be involved in the anti-apoptotic effects. Although the Ser102 residue of DARPP-32 is a phosphorylation site for CK2, this phosphorylation-mediated CK2 signaling has not been studied yet. The bcl-x gene, one member of the Bcl-2 family, encodes two isoform proteins Bcl-xL and Bcl-xS by the pre-mRNA alternative splicing. The former increases cell survival and the later enhances cell apoptosis. Our previous study found that CK2 can increase Bcl-xL expression by BDNF treatment. In the present study, we investigate whether DARPP-32 ser102 phosphorylation also mediates the CK2 signaling for cell survival. Our results revealed that DARPP-32 Ser102 phosphorylation, Bcl-xL protein level and Bcl-xL/Bcl-xS mRNA ratio were all increased by wild-type CK2α plasmid DNA transfection. Meanwhile, CK2 inhibitor TBB treatment or CK2α siRNA transfection decreased DARPP-32 Ser102 phosphorylation, Bcl-xL protein level and Bcl-xL/Bcl-xS mRNA ratio. On the other hand, DARPP-32 siRNA transfection decreased Bcl-xL protein level. Furthermore, transfection of DARPP-32 S102D, which mimics the constitutive phosphorylation form, increased whereas transfection of mutant S102A decreased the Bcl-xL protein level and Bcl-xL/Bcl-xS mRNA ratio. Further, the mutant DARPP-32 S102A antagonized the up-regulatory effects of wild-type CK2α on Bcl-xL protein level in the co-transfection experiments. From the results of H2O2-induced oxidative stress experiments, we also found that prior knock-down of CK2 or DARPP-32 can aggravate the decrease in DARPP-32 Ser102 phosphorylation, Bcl-xL protein level and Bcl-xL/Bcl-xS mRNA ratio by H2O2 treatment. These results together suggest that DARPP-32 mediates CK2α signaling in regulating Bcl-xL/Bcl-xS expression and this signaling pathway might be involved in cell survival under oxidative stress. | en_US |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 謝 誌…………………………………………………………………………………………I 中文摘要……………………………………………………………………………………...II 英文摘要……………………………………………………………………………………..IV 目 錄…………………………………………….………………………………………….VI 圖 次…………………………………………………….………………………………….IX 縮寫表…………………………………………………………….………………………….XI 第一章 緒 論……………………………………………………………………………..01 第一節、蛋白激酶CK2（Protein kinase CK2, Casein kinase 2）…………...............02 第二節、DARPP-32 (Dopamine- and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein, Mr 32 kDa) ……………………………………………………………………………………..05 第三節、計畫性的細胞凋亡 (Apoptosis)………….…………………………….............09 第四節、Bcl-2 (B-cell lymphoma-2) 家族………..……………………………………...11 一、Bcl-2 (B-cell lymphoma-2) 家族………………………………………………..11 二、Bcl-xL 和 Bcl-xS………………………………………………………………...11 第五節、論文之研究目的及策略………………………………………………................13 第二章 實驗材料與方法………………………………………………………………….14 第一節、細胞培養………………………………………………………………………….15 第二節、質體製備、定點突變和萃取…………………………………………………….16 一、質體製備………………………………………………………………………….16 二、定點突變………………………………………………………………………….16 三、質體之萃取……………………………………………………………………….17 四、菌種保存………………………………………………………………………….17 第三節、DARPP-32 S102 位置磷酸化抗體製備…………………………………….....17 第四節、細胞轉染 ………………………..……………………………………………….17 第五節、藥物處理…………………………………………............................................ 18 第六節、西方點墨法………………………………………………………………………..19 一、蛋白質萃取………………………………………………………………………..19 二、蛋白質濃度測定…………………………………………………………………..19 三、樣品配製…………………………………………………………………………19 四、鑄膠和聚丙烯醯胺膠體電泳 (Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, SDS-PAGE)…………………………………………………..20 五、轉漬 (transfer)…………………………………………………………………...20 六、免疫轉印 (Immunoblotting)…………………………………………………….20 第七節、免疫沉澱法 (Immunoprecipitation, IP)………………………………………...21 第八節、即時定量聚合酶連鎖反應 (Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction)…………………………………………………………………………..22 一、RNA 之萃取……………………………………………………………………...22 二、反轉錄互補DNA (cDNA)………………………………………………………..22 三、即時定量聚合酶連鎖反應………………………………………………………..22 第九節、脫氧核糖核苷酸末端轉移酶介導的缺口末端標記法 (Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase–mediated dUTP nick end-labeling assay, TUNEL)…………………………………………………………………………...23 第十節、統計分析………………………………………………………………................24 第三章 實驗結果…………………………………………………………………………..25 第一節、轉染 CK2WT DNA 質體對 DARPP-32 Ser102 磷酸化、 Bcl-xL 蛋白質含量以及 Bcl-xL/Bcl-xS mRNA 表現的影響…………………… ……26 第二節、CK2 抑制劑 4,5,6,7-tetrabromobenzotriazole (TBB) 對細胞 DARPP-32 Ser102 磷酸化和 Bcl-xL 蛋白質含量以及 Bcl-xL/Bcl-xS mRNA 表現的影 響…………………………………………………………………………………..31 第三節、轉染 CK2 siRNA 對 DARPP-32 Ser102 的磷酸化、Bcl-xL 蛋白質含量 以及Bcl-xL/Bcl-xS mRNA 表現的影響……………..………………………....33 第四節、轉染DARPP-32 siRNA對DARPP-32、Bcl-xL蛋白質含量以及Bcl-xL/ Bcl-Xs mRNA 表現的影響……………………………………………...……….37 第五節、轉染突變型 DARPP-32 S102D和DARPP-32 S102A質體對細胞 Bcl-xL 蛋白質含量以及Bcl-xL/Bcl-xS mRNA 表現的影響…………………………..40 第六節、共同轉染野生型CK2WT與突變型DARPP-32 S102A DNA質體對細胞中 Bcl-xL蛋白質含量的影響………………………………………………………45 第七節、轉染CK2 siRNA 或 DARPP-32 siRNA 對細胞存活率影響……………....47 第八節、轉染 CK2 siRNA 或 DARPP-32 siRNA 對過氧化氫 (Hydrogen peroxide) 處理之細胞 DARPP-32 Ser102 的磷酸化、Bcl-xL 蛋白質含量以及 Bcl-xL/Bcl-xS mRNA 表現的影響……………..………………………………49 第九節、轉染 CK2 siRNA 或 DARPP-32 siRNA 對過氧化氫處理之細胞存活率的影響………………………………………………………………………………….53 第四章 討 論…………………………………………………………………................56 第五章 結 論……………………………………………………………………………..63 參考文獻……………………………………………………………………………………..64 附錄一、胜肽合成報告……………………………………………………………………..71 附錄二、pcDNA3 載體與圖……………………………………………………………….73 附錄三、pCMV 載體與圖……………………………………………..............................74 | zh_TW |
| dc.language.iso | en_US | - |
| dc.source.uri (資料來源) | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0098754005 | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | 蛋白激酶CK2 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | DARPP-32蛋白 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | 抗細胞凋亡Bcl-xL蛋白 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | 促細胞凋亡Bcl-xS蛋白 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | 抗細胞凋亡 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | protein kinase CK2 | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | DARPP-32 | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | Bcl-xL | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | Bcl-xS | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | anti-apoptosis | en_US |
| dc.title (題名) | 蛋白激酶 CK2 調控受質蛋白 DARPP-32 磷酸化對 PC12 細胞株之抗凋亡機制的探討 | zh_TW |
| dc.title (題名) | DARPP-32 phosphorylation by protein kinase CK2 mediates the anti-apoptotic effects in PC12 cells | en_US |
| dc.type (資料類型) | thesis | en |
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