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題名 近代早期英格蘭咖啡館的禮儀文化(1659-1714)
The civil and polite culture of coffeehouse in early Modern England (1659-1714)作者 許奕辰
Hsiu, Yi Chen貢獻者 林美香
許奕辰
Hsiu, Yi Chen關鍵詞 近代早期英格蘭
咖啡館文化
禮儀文化日期 2012 上傳時間 30-Oct-2012 15:21:09 (UTC+8) 摘要 本論文的研究主題在於補足對於近代早期英格蘭咖啡館「禮儀文化」研究的不足。藉由德國社會學家埃利亞斯的「文明進程」理論，我們不僅得以宏觀地理解長時段的「禮儀」發展脈絡，亦得以明瞭所謂的「禮儀」即是一種個體於人際互動中所展現的社會行為，而此行為講究的是對個體的各種言行舉止與心理情緒的控制、約束與調整。以「文明進程」理論為基礎，本文的目標在於從近代早期英格蘭「禮儀文化」的脈絡切入，以相對微觀的角度，藉助「區隔性」與「普遍性」、「真實性」與「虛偽性」兩組對立情勢考察咖啡館「禮儀文化」中「行為的呈現」與「內涵的詮釋」兩種層面的發展過程。 本文第一章的主題為「英格蘭咖啡館文化的建立與發展」。本章第一部份除了概述咖啡與咖啡館的東方起源與發展外，亦將描述英格蘭旅行家眼中的東方咖啡館樣貌。於第二部份，筆者則將談及在東方咖啡館文化的影響之下，牛津咖啡館與倫敦咖啡館的建立與發展。第三部份則敘述咖啡館的多元服務及其經營特色。藉由背景的鋪陳，本章試圖勾勒出英格蘭咖啡館逐漸成為重要社交聚會處的發展因素與過程。 本文第二章的主題為「英格蘭咖啡館的禮儀文化」。本章第一部份以「洛塔咖啡俱樂部」的建立作為咖啡館「禮儀文化」的具體萌芽基點，並試圖描繪「菁英群體」如何將英格蘭的「禮儀文化」帶進咖啡館，使其成為「有禮」且「有理」的談論場域。而在第二部份中，我們則將看到「菁英群體」與一般大眾如何在強調平等、包容與多元的咖啡館中，以「禮儀」的展現作為和諧相處的互動方式，並逐漸形塑一互敬互重、愉悅且平和的社交氛圍。於第三部份，筆者將考察於咖啡館中所建構的「禮儀文化」如何受到當代著名期刊《閒談者》與《旁觀者》的推崇與推廣。從1659年「洛塔咖啡俱樂部」的建立以至1714年《旁觀者》的停刊，從萌芽、建構以至推廣，本章重點即在於探究從復辟至18世紀初期，咖啡館文化與當代「禮儀文化」之間的緊密聯繫與相互影響的過程，一段從「禮儀在咖啡館」到「咖啡館的禮儀文化」之發展脈絡。 本文第三章主題為「英格蘭咖啡館的無禮文化」。於本章中，筆者將分別以四個部份，包括「時髦男子與紈褲子弟」、「八卦愛好者與造謠者」、「冒犯與衝突」及「咖啡館妓院」等各種違反「禮儀」規範的人群與言行舉止，談論咖啡館中的「無禮」現象。儘管每一種現象背後，均有其各自的發展脈絡，但它們所呈現出的樣貌，卻不約而同地對咖啡館「禮儀文化」的建構產生重大衝擊。然而，從當代對於這些「無禮」現象的嚴厲批判中，我們亦能反向印證咖啡館「禮儀文化」的影響性已深入人心。 綜觀上述，本文之核心論述脈絡即在於，以英格蘭咖啡館文化的發展作為基點，以「有禮」和「無禮」作為正面與反面的論證，考察英格蘭咖啡館「禮儀文化」的發展過程。 參考文獻 史料期刊1. 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國立政治大學
歷史研究所
98153013
101資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0098153013 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 林美香 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) 許奕辰 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Hsiu, Yi Chen en_US dc.creator (作者) 許奕辰 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Hsiu, Yi Chen en_US dc.date (日期) 2012 en_US dc.date.accessioned 30-Oct-2012 15:21:09 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 30-Oct-2012 15:21:09 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 30-Oct-2012 15:21:09 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0098153013 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/55027 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 歷史研究所 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 98153013 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 101 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本論文的研究主題在於補足對於近代早期英格蘭咖啡館「禮儀文化」研究的不足。藉由德國社會學家埃利亞斯的「文明進程」理論，我們不僅得以宏觀地理解長時段的「禮儀」發展脈絡，亦得以明瞭所謂的「禮儀」即是一種個體於人際互動中所展現的社會行為，而此行為講究的是對個體的各種言行舉止與心理情緒的控制、約束與調整。以「文明進程」理論為基礎，本文的目標在於從近代早期英格蘭「禮儀文化」的脈絡切入，以相對微觀的角度，藉助「區隔性」與「普遍性」、「真實性」與「虛偽性」兩組對立情勢考察咖啡館「禮儀文化」中「行為的呈現」與「內涵的詮釋」兩種層面的發展過程。 本文第一章的主題為「英格蘭咖啡館文化的建立與發展」。本章第一部份除了概述咖啡與咖啡館的東方起源與發展外，亦將描述英格蘭旅行家眼中的東方咖啡館樣貌。於第二部份，筆者則將談及在東方咖啡館文化的影響之下，牛津咖啡館與倫敦咖啡館的建立與發展。第三部份則敘述咖啡館的多元服務及其經營特色。藉由背景的鋪陳，本章試圖勾勒出英格蘭咖啡館逐漸成為重要社交聚會處的發展因素與過程。 本文第二章的主題為「英格蘭咖啡館的禮儀文化」。本章第一部份以「洛塔咖啡俱樂部」的建立作為咖啡館「禮儀文化」的具體萌芽基點，並試圖描繪「菁英群體」如何將英格蘭的「禮儀文化」帶進咖啡館，使其成為「有禮」且「有理」的談論場域。而在第二部份中，我們則將看到「菁英群體」與一般大眾如何在強調平等、包容與多元的咖啡館中，以「禮儀」的展現作為和諧相處的互動方式，並逐漸形塑一互敬互重、愉悅且平和的社交氛圍。於第三部份，筆者將考察於咖啡館中所建構的「禮儀文化」如何受到當代著名期刊《閒談者》與《旁觀者》的推崇與推廣。從1659年「洛塔咖啡俱樂部」的建立以至1714年《旁觀者》的停刊，從萌芽、建構以至推廣，本章重點即在於探究從復辟至18世紀初期，咖啡館文化與當代「禮儀文化」之間的緊密聯繫與相互影響的過程，一段從「禮儀在咖啡館」到「咖啡館的禮儀文化」之發展脈絡。 本文第三章主題為「英格蘭咖啡館的無禮文化」。於本章中，筆者將分別以四個部份，包括「時髦男子與紈褲子弟」、「八卦愛好者與造謠者」、「冒犯與衝突」及「咖啡館妓院」等各種違反「禮儀」規範的人群與言行舉止，談論咖啡館中的「無禮」現象。儘管每一種現象背後，均有其各自的發展脈絡，但它們所呈現出的樣貌，卻不約而同地對咖啡館「禮儀文化」的建構產生重大衝擊。然而，從當代對於這些「無禮」現象的嚴厲批判中，我們亦能反向印證咖啡館「禮儀文化」的影響性已深入人心。 綜觀上述，本文之核心論述脈絡即在於，以英格蘭咖啡館文化的發展作為基點，以「有禮」和「無禮」作為正面與反面的論證，考察英格蘭咖啡館「禮儀文化」的發展過程。 zh_TW dc.description.tableofcontents 緒論 1研究動機 1文獻回顧 2研究主題與方法 5史料 13章節安排 14第一章、英格蘭咖啡館文化的建立與發展 16第一節、 咖啡館文化的東方起源 17第二節、 從牛津到倫敦 22(一) 牛津咖啡館 22(二) 倫敦咖啡館 24第三節、 咖啡館的多元服務 32(一) 餐飲 33(二) 抽菸室 36(三) 珍奇博物館 37(四) 商品拍賣會 39(五) 新聞與報紙 42本章小結 45第二章、英格蘭咖啡館的禮儀文化 46第一節、 咖啡館禮儀文化的萌芽：洛塔咖啡俱樂部 47第二節、 咖啡館禮儀文化的建立：「便士大學」 54(一) 平等、包容與多元 54(二) 咖啡館「文雅」觀的轉變 59(三) 「雅士」與「才子」 64I. 「雅士」群體 65II. 「才子」群體 72第三節、 咖啡館禮儀文化的推動：《閒談者》與《旁觀者》 80本章小結 93第三章、英格蘭咖啡館的無禮文化 95第一節、 時髦男子與紈褲子弟 95第二節、 八卦愛好者與造謠者 102第三節、 冒犯與衝突 110第四節、 咖啡館妓院 118本章小結 128結論 129咖啡館文化的沒落 129有禮與無禮 131美好往昔 136參考書目 139史料 139期刊 139書籍、文章 139專書 144期刊論文 151學位論文 153網路資料 154圖片來源 155 zh_TW dc.language.iso en_US - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0098153013 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 近代早期英格蘭 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 咖啡館文化 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 禮儀文化 zh_TW dc.title (題名) 近代早期英格蘭咖啡館的禮儀文化(1659-1714) zh_TW dc.title (題名) The civil and polite culture of coffeehouse in early Modern England (1659-1714) en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 史料期刊1. City and Countrey Mercury, 33 issues. 1667. 2. Female Tatler (1709-1710), Fidelis Morgan, ed. Dent, 1992.3. The Guardian (1713), John Calhoun Stephens, ed. Lexington, Ky. : University Press of Kentucky, c1982. 4. The Spectator (1711-1712, 1714), Donald F. Bond, ed., 5 Vols. New York: Oxford University Press, c1965.5. The Tatler (1709-1711), Donald F. Bond, ed., 3 Vols. New York: Oxford University Press, c1987.書籍、文章1. ‘Letter from a French gentleman in London to his friend in Paris…Containing an Account of Will’s Coffeehouse, and of the Toasting and Kit-Kat-Clubs. Made English’, in Letters of Wit, Politicks, and Morality. Written originally in Italian, by the famous Cardinal Bentivoglio; in Spanish by the Honoyrable H-H-Esq; Tho. Cheek, Esq; Mr. Savage. Mr. Boyer &c. To Which is added a large collection of original letters of Love and Friendship, ed. Abel Boyer. London: J. Hartley, W. Turner, and Tho. Hodgson, 1701, 215-224.2. A Collection of the Statutes at large, Now in Force, 2 vols. London: Assigns of John bill and Christopher Barker, 1667.3. Anon., A brief Description of the Excellent Vertues of that Sober and Wholesome Drink, called Coffee, and its incomparable effects in preventing or curing most diseases incident to humane bodies. London, printed for Paul Greenwood and are to be sold at the sign of Coffee-mill and Tobacco-Roll in Cloath-fair near West-Smithfoeld who selleth the best Arabian Coffee-Powder and Chocolate, made in Cake or in Roll, after the Spanish Fashion, &c., 1674.4. Anon., An Essay in Defense of the Female Sex (1696). Source Book Press reprint, New York: 1970.5. Anon., Coffee-houses Vindicated in answer to the late published Character of a Coffee-House asserting from Reason, Experience, and good Authours, the Excellent Use and Physical Vertues of that Liquor. With the grand Conveniency of such civil places of Resort and Ingenious Conversation. London: J. Lock for J. Clarke, 1673.6. Anon., Humours and Conversation of the Town. R. Bentley, 1693.7. Anon, Letter from the Quidnunc’s at St. James Coffee-House and the Mall. London. Dublin: 1724.8. Anon., Remarques on the Humours and Conversation of the Town. Allan Banks, 1673.9. Anon., The Censure of the Rota Upon Mr Miltons Book. London: Paul Giddy, Printer to the Rota, at the sign of the Windmill in Turne-Againe Lane, 1660.10. Anon., The Country Gentlemen’s Vade Mecum: or his Companion for the Town. John Harris, London: 1699.11. Anon., The School of Politicks: or The Humours of a CoffeeHouse. A Poem. Licensed, Apr. 15. 1690. London, R. Baldwin, 1690, [4].12. Anon., A Broad-side against Coffee; or, the Marriage of t he Turk. London: J.L., 1672.13. Anon. A Cup of Coffee: or, Coffee in its Colours. London: n.p., 1663.14. Anon., Coffee-houses Vindicated in answer to the published Character of a Coffee-house asserting from Reason, Experience, and good Authours, the Excellent Use and Physical Vertues of that Liquor. With The grand Conveniency of such civil placers of Resort and Ingenious Conversation. London: J. Lock for J. Clarke, 1673.15. Anon., News from the Coffe-House; In which it is shewn their several sorts of Passions, Containing News from all our Neighbours Nations. A poem. London: E. Crowch for Thomas Vere, 1667.16. Anon., The Character of a coffee-house with the symptomes of a town-wit. With Allowance, April 11th 1673. London: Jonathan Edwin, 1673, [2].17. Anon., The Character of a Coffee-House. Where is Contained a Description of the Persons usually frequenting it, with their Discourse and Humors, As also, The Admirable Vertues of Coffee. By an Eye and Ear Witness. [London]: n.p., 1665, [2]. 18. Aubrey, John. Brief Lives. ed. Richard W. Barber. New York: Boydell & Brewer, 1982.19. Boswell, James. Boswell’s London Journal 1762-1763, ed. Frederick A. Pottle. New York: McGraw Hill Book Company, 1950.20. Boswell, James. The Life of Samuel Johnson, ed. R.W. Chapman. London: Oxford University Press, 1970.21. Boyer, Abel. English Theophrastus, 3rd ed. 1702; reprint, Bernard Lintott, 1708.22. Bradley, Richard. The Virtue and the Use of Coffee, with Regard to the Plague, and other Infectious Distempers. London: Eman. Matthews and W. Mears, 1721.23. Brown, Tom. Amusements Serious and Comical, Calculated for the Meridian of London (first published London, 1702) in The Works of Mr. Thomas Brown. Serious and Comical, in Prose and Verse, 4 vols. First edition 1707; 5th ed., London: Sam Briscoe, 1715.24. Butler, Samuel. Characters, Charles W. Daces, ed. Cleveland: Case Western Reserve University, 1970.25. Castiglione, Baldassare. The Book of the Courtier. Trans. Charles S. Singleton. Daniel Javitch, eds. New York: WW Norton & Co, 2002.26. D’Aulnoy, Momoirs of the Court of England, 2 parts. J. Woodward, 1708.27. Defoe, Daniel. Compleat English Tradesman. 1726, reprint, Gloucester: Alan Sutton, 1987.28. Defoe, Daniel. Vindication of the Press. T. Walker, 1718.29. D`Israeli, Issac. Curiosity of Literature. 3vols. London: John Murray, 1817.30. Douglas, James, A supplement to the Description of the Coffee-Tree, lately published by Dr. Douglas. London: Thomas Woodward, 1727.31. Edel, Leon. ed., English Hours. Oxford: Oxford University Presss, 1981.32. Ellis, Markman. ed., Eighteenth-Century Coffee-House Culture. 4 Vols. London: Pickering & Chatto, 2006.33. Flecknoe, Richard. Seventy Eight Characters of so many Vertuous and Vitious Persons. London: Printed for publick use, 1677.34. Fleckone, Richard. Treatise of the Sports of Wit. Simon Neals, 1675.35. Garraway, Thomas. An exact description of the grovvth, quality, and vertues of the leaf tea. S.l. :s.n.1660?.36. Guazzo, Stefano. The Civile Conversation of M. Steeven Guazzo, trans. George Pettie and Bartholomew Young. London, 1586.37. Harrington, James. The Political Works of James Harrington, J. G. A. Pocock, ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1977.38. Harrington, James. The Rota, or, A Model of a Free-State or equall Common-wealth: once purposed and debated in brief, and to be again more at large proposed to, and debated by a free and open Society of ingenious Gentlemen. London: John Starkey, 1660.39. Hewitson, Anthony. ed., Diary of Thomas Bellingham, An Officer Under William III. Preston: George Toulmin & Sons, 1908. 40. Hooke, Robert. “Diary” (November 1688-10 March 1690; 5 December 1692-8 August 1693) in Early Science in Oxford. R. T. Gunther, ed., vol. 10 (oxford, 1935), 69-265.41. Hooke, Robert. The Diary of Robert Hooke, 1672-1680, Henry W. Robinson and Walter Ad-ams, eds. London: Taylor & Francis, 1935.42. Houghton, John. ‘A discourse of Coffee, read at a Meeting of the Royal Society’, Philosophical Transactions, 21:256 (September, 1699), 311-317. 43. Johnson, Samuel. A Dictionary of the English Language. London: W. Strahan, 1755.44. Johnson, Samuel. Lives of the English Poets, 3 Vols. Oxford: Cambridge University Press, 1994.45. Jonson, Ben. 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Robinson, 1699.53. Moreton, Andrew. Every-Body’s Business is Nobody’s Business. London: T. Warner; A. Dodd and E. Nutt, 1725.54. Moritz, Charles P., Travels, Chiefly on Foot, through Several parts of England, in 1782. London: G. G. and J. Robinson, 1795.55. Murphy, Arthur. ‘[Proposal for a Female Coffee-House] Numb. 15 January 5, 1754, 85-90, in The Gray’s Inn Journal. By Charles Ranger. London, printed by W. Faden and J. Bouquet, [1753-1754], 52v.56. Peacham, Henry. The Compleat Gentleman. London: Printed [by John Legat] for Francis Constable, and are to bee sold at his shoppe in Pauls Church-yard, at the signe of the Crane, 1634.57. Pepys, Samuel. The Diary of Samuel Pepys: a Selection. Robert Latham and William Matthews, eds. London: Penguin Books, 2003.58. Rosee, Pasqua. The Vertue of the Coffee Drink. First Publiqfuely Made and Sold in England, by Pasqua Rosee. London: s.n.1675?.59. Rugge, Thomas. The Diurnal of Thomas Rugg: 1659-1661, William L. 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