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題名 太陽能源應用之美國市場研究
The Study of Photovoltaic (PV) Solar Energy in the United States
作者 貝提畝
Timothy Beal
貢獻者 黃仁德
Hwang, Jen Te
貝提畝
Timothy Beal
關鍵詞 United States
Photovoltaic
Solar
Renewable Energy
Natural Gas
Government Policies
United States
Photovoltaic
Renewable Energy
Solar
Natural Gas
Government Policies
日期 2012
上傳時間 2-Sep-2013 17:40:12 (UTC+8)
摘要 Solar PV energy is one of the fastest growing forms of renewable energy in the world. Since the last decade, the PV market has been expanding rapidly in the United States as a result of government policies, financial incentives, and declines in costs for installed PV systems. PV manufacturers have grown in number in order to meet increasing demand, but global oversupply has made profitability for most PV suppliers in the U.S. challenging. Despite the impressive rate of market growth, electricity produced by PV is still not cost-competitive with traditional forms of electricity generation without government support. An abundant supply of natural gas in the U.S. and its growing role as a source of electricity also presents a unique challenge to the development of renewable energies such as solar PV. Nevertheless, the PV market continues to expand and is predicted to maintain strong growth over the next several years in the U.S., even though much uncertainty remains on its long-term prospects.
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Borenstein, S. (2012), “The Private and Public Economies of Renewable Electricity
Generation,” Journal of Economic Perspectives, 26(1): 67-92.

Carus, F. (2013a), “US solar exports to China delivered US$913 million surplus
in 2011,” PV-Tech, http://www.pv-tech.org/news/exports_of_us_solar_products_to_china_reach_913m_surplus_in_2011.

Carus, F. (2013b), “Pristine Sun and Mosaic Agree First Utility-scale Crowd
Funding Deal,” PV-Tech, http://www.pv-tech.org/news/pristine_sun_and_mosaic_agree_first_first_utility_scale_crowdfunding_deal.

Carus, F. (2013c), “REC Solar Completes First Community Solar Project in
Colorado,” PV-Tech,
http://www.pv-tech.org/news/rec_solar_completes_first_community_solar_
project_in_colorado.

Chan, J. (2013a), “Secretary Salazar approves 900MW of Californian PV projects,”
PV-Tech,
http://www.pv-tech.org/news/secretary_salazar_approves_900mw_of_
californian_pv_projects.

Chan, J. (2013b), “Advanced Batteries for Utility-Scale Applications in Asia
Pacific to Exceed 25GW by 2022,” PV-Tech, http://www.pv-tech.org/news/advanced_batteries_for_utility_scale_
applications_in_asia_pacific_to_exceed.


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Solar Power Market in California,” Golden Gate University Law Review, 36(3): 347-91.

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描述 碩士
國立政治大學
亞太研究英語碩士學位學程(IMAS)
98926017
101
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0098926017
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 黃仁德zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Hwang, Jen Teen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 貝提畝zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Timothy Bealen_US
dc.creator (作者) 貝提畝zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Timothy Bealen_US
dc.date (日期) 2012en_US
dc.date.accessioned 2-Sep-2013 17:40:12 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 2-Sep-2013 17:40:12 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 2-Sep-2013 17:40:12 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0098926017en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/59606-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 亞太研究英語碩士學位學程(IMAS)zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 98926017zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 101zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) Solar PV energy is one of the fastest growing forms of renewable energy in the world. Since the last decade, the PV market has been expanding rapidly in the United States as a result of government policies, financial incentives, and declines in costs for installed PV systems. PV manufacturers have grown in number in order to meet increasing demand, but global oversupply has made profitability for most PV suppliers in the U.S. challenging. Despite the impressive rate of market growth, electricity produced by PV is still not cost-competitive with traditional forms of electricity generation without government support. An abundant supply of natural gas in the U.S. and its growing role as a source of electricity also presents a unique challenge to the development of renewable energies such as solar PV. Nevertheless, the PV market continues to expand and is predicted to maintain strong growth over the next several years in the U.S., even though much uncertainty remains on its long-term prospects.en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents Abstract i
Acknowledgements ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS iii
LIST OF TABLES vi
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1.1 Motivation and Methodology 1
1.2 Framework 2
Chapter 2 Energy Use in the United States 5
2.1 Fossil Fuels 5
2.1.1 Petroleum 5
2.1.2 Coal 6
2.1.3 Natural Gas 6
2.2 Renewable Energy 7
2.4 Energy Overview 10
2.5 Summary 13
Chapter 3 The Development of Solar Energy around the World 15
3.1 Early Developments of Solar PV 15
3.2 Types of Solar PV Technology 16
3.3 Solar Energy Development in Germany 17
3.4 Solar Energy Development in Japan 17
3.5 Global Growth in Solar Energy 18
3.6 Feed-in Tariffs 20
3.7 Global Solar PV Manufacturing 23
3.8 Future Outlook for Global Solar PV 26
Chapter 4 Policies Affecting Solar Energy in the United States 31
4.1 Federal Initiatives Supporting Solar PV 31
4.2 Federal Financial Incentives for Solar PV 34
4.4.1 Early Policies That Supported Solar PV in California 37
4.4.2 California Solar Initiative 39
4.5 Summary 42
Chapter 5 The Supply of Solar PV in the United States 43
5.1 The Supply of Solar PV in the 2000s 43
5.2 The Supply of Solar PV in 2010 45
5.3 The Supply of Solar PV in 2011 46
5.4 The China Factor 51
5.5 Polysilicon 54
5.6 Government Policies for PV Supply 54
5.7 Outlook for U.S. PV Suppliers 56
5.8 Summary 58
Chapter 6 The Demand for Solar PV Energy in the United States 61
6.1 The Decline in Price for Solar PV 61
6.2 The Increase in Demand for Solar PV 66
6.3 The Leading U.S. States for Solar PV 70
6.4 The Outlook and Potential for Future Solar PV Demand 72
6.4.1 Future Decline in Price for Solar PV 74
6.4.2 Policy Effects on Future Solar PV Demand 75
6.4.3 Natural Gas as Potential Competition to Solar PV 79
6.4.4 Smart Meters 81
6.4.5 Other Factors Effecting Demand for Solar PV 82
6.5 Summary 85
Chapter 7 Conclusion and Suggestion 87
References 93		zh_TW
dc.format.extent 661712 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0098926017en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) United Stateszh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Photovoltaiczh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Solarzh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Renewable Energyzh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Natural Gaszh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Government Policieszh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) United Statesen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Photovoltaicen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Renewable Energyen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Solaren_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Natural Gasen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Government Policiesen_US
dc.title (題名) 太陽能源應用之美國市場研究zh_TW
dc.title (題名) The Study of Photovoltaic (PV) Solar Energy in the United Statesen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Alexopoulou, M. (2013), “KB Home and SunPower Hit 1,000 Solar Home
Milestone,”
PV-Tech,http://www.pv-tech.org/news/kb_home_and_sunpower_hit_1000_
solar_home_milestone.

Annis, C. (2013), “More Polysilicon Plants Still Under Construction Despite
Enormous PVOvercapacity－Why?” NPD Solarbuzz, http://www.solarbuzz.com/resources/blog/2013/03/more-polysilicon-plants-still-under-construction-despite-enormous-pv-overcapacity-why.

Bird, L., J. Heeter and C. Kreycik (2011), “Solar Renewable Energy Certificate
(SREC) Markets: Status and Trends,” technical report, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, http://apps3.eere.energy.gov/greenpower/pdfs/52868.pdf.


Borenstein, S. (2012), “The Private and Public Economies of Renewable Electricity
Generation,” Journal of Economic Perspectives, 26(1): 67-92.

Carus, F. (2013a), “US solar exports to China delivered US$913 million surplus
in 2011,” PV-Tech, http://www.pv-tech.org/news/exports_of_us_solar_products_to_china_reach_913m_surplus_in_2011.

Carus, F. (2013b), “Pristine Sun and Mosaic Agree First Utility-scale Crowd
Funding Deal,” PV-Tech, http://www.pv-tech.org/news/pristine_sun_and_mosaic_agree_first_first_utility_scale_crowdfunding_deal.

Carus, F. (2013c), “REC Solar Completes First Community Solar Project in
Colorado,” PV-Tech,
http://www.pv-tech.org/news/rec_solar_completes_first_community_solar_
project_in_colorado.

Chan, J. (2013a), “Secretary Salazar approves 900MW of Californian PV projects,”
PV-Tech,
http://www.pv-tech.org/news/secretary_salazar_approves_900mw_of_
californian_pv_projects.

Chan, J. (2013b), “Advanced Batteries for Utility-Scale Applications in Asia
Pacific to Exceed 25GW by 2022,” PV-Tech, http://www.pv-tech.org/news/advanced_batteries_for_utility_scale_
applications_in_asia_pacific_to_exceed.


Chiaro, B. D., and R. Gibson (2006), “Government’s Role in Creating a Vibrant
Solar Power Market in California,” Golden Gate University Law Review, 36(3): 347-91.

Colville, F. (2013a), “Discovering 230 GW of PV Demand in the Next 5 years,”
NPD Solarbuzz, http://www.solarbuzz.com/resources/articles-and-presentations/pv-demand-in-
the-Next-5-years.

Colville, F. (2013b), “PV World Cup Restricted to Domestic League Winners,”
PV-Tech,
http://www.pv-tech.org/guest_blog/pv_world_cup_restricted_to_domestic_
league_winners.

Database of State Incentives for Renewables & Efficiency (DSIRE) (2013a),
“BusinessEnergy Investment Tax Credit (ITC),”
http://www.dsireusa.org/incentives/incentive.cfm?Incentive_Code=US02F.

Database of State Incentives for Renewables & Efficiency (DSIRE) (2013b), “Qual-
ifying Advanced Energy Manufacturing Investment Tax Credit,” http://www.dsireusa.org/incentives/incentive.cfm?Incentive_Code=US52F.

Database of State Incentives for Renewables & Efficiency (DSIRE) (2013c), “Resi-
dential Renewable Energy Tax Credit,” http://www.dsireusa.org/incentives/incentive.cfm?Incentive_Code=US37F&re=1&ee=1.

Database of State Incentives for Renewables & Efficiency (DSIRE) (2012), “U.S.
Department of Energy - Loan Guarantee Program,” http://www.dsireusa.org/incentives/incentive.cfm?Incentive_Code=US48F.

Edison Electronic Institute (EEI) (2011), “Smart Meters and Smart Meter Systems:
A Metering Industry Perspective,” http://www.eei.org/issuesandpolicy/grid-enhancements/Documents/
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