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題名 企業實習的成效研究 --以台灣MBA為例
The effectiveness of internships: Taiwan MBA example
作者 丁瑞陞
貢獻者 黃秉德
Huang, Ping Der
丁瑞陞
關鍵詞 企業實習
學習效果
就業能力
日期 2010
上傳時間 3-Sep-2013 14:43:52 (UTC+8)
摘要 近年來台灣高等商業教育蓬勃發展，許多學生積極參與企業實習，企業也更願意提供企業實習機會。由於實習對學生、學校與社會都是有助益的，是相當值得推廣的學習活動。然而過去幾乎沒有任何關於企業實習之調查與研究。本研究以政治大學企管所歷屆實習學生與合作企業為對象，試圖了解實習對於學習效果和日後工作能力之影響。
本研究透過問卷調查與個案訪談方式，分析學生對實習的感受與企業對實習的意見：針對實習的四個階段: 實習前的準備、實習期間的體驗、實習後的學習效果，與日後第一份工作進行問卷調查分析，研究實習與後續學習效果與工作能力的關聯性。並對合作企業進行深入訪談，了解企業對實習運作的感受與建議。
透過複迴歸分析與訪談的研究結果顯示：
1.自我動機、實習體驗與校方支援皆會正向影響學生實習的學習效果，而物質報酬則會負向影響學習效果。
2.自我動機、實習體驗則是影響第一份工作工作能力的重要因素。
藉由本研究之發現，再分別對政大企管實習團隊、學生、學校、企業提出具體建議，希望透過本研究與後續建議，能讓台灣MBA教育的實習實務，有更多的拓展機會。
參考文獻 中文參考文獻
吳木崑(民98)，杜威經驗哲學對課程與教學之啟示。臺北市立教育大學學報，台北，臺北市立教育大學
周文賢(民99)，統計學。台北：智勝。
林清山(民99)，心理與教育統計學(十刷)。台北：東華書局。
林震岩(民96)，多變量分析-SPSS的操作與應用。台北：智勝。
邱皓政(民99)，量化研究與統計分析。台北：五南。
黃國光(2000)：SPSS與統計原理剖析。台北：松崗。

網路參考文獻
1. Yes 123 求職網 2009年7月求職「陷阱」大調查調查方式：網路問卷 調查期間: 98/7/1~98/7/31 樣本數: 1655 http://www.yes123.com.tw/admin/white_paper/index_detail.asp?id=20090727115211
2. Council for the Advancement of Standards in Higher Education (2010). The Role of Internship Programs-- CAS Standards Contextual Statement http://www.cas.edu/getpdf.cfm?PDF=E86CFB4D-0B9E-4853-6D82720BE0779895



英文參考文獻
1. Alpert, F., Heaney, J.G., Kuhn,K.L.,(1996). Internships in marketing: Goals, structures and assessment – Student, company and academic perspectives. Australasian Marketing Journal, 17(1), 36-45
2. Ashforth, B.E.,( 2001). Role transitions in organizational life: An identity-based perspective. Lawrence Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ.
3. Bales, K., (1979). Experiential learning: a review and annotated bibliography. Journal of Cooperative Education, 16 (winter) , 70-90
4. Baron, J. N., Kreps, D. M. (1999). Strategic human resources: Frameworks for general managers. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
5. Barr, T.F., McNeilly, K.M.(2002). The value of students’ classroom experiences from the eyes of the recruiter: information, implications, and recommendations for marketing educators. Journal of Marketing Education, 24 (2), 168-173.
6. Beenen, Gerard, Mrousseau, M. Denise. (2010).Getting the most from MBA internships: Promoting intern learning and job acceptance. Human Resource Management, 49 (1), 3-22.
7. Bernstein, Paul. (1976). Necessary elements for effective worker participation in decision making. Journal of Economic Issues, 10 (2), 490-522.
8. Candy, P., Crebert, R. (199 1) Ivory tower to concrete jungle, Journal of Higher Education, 62, 570-592.
9. Coco, Malcolm (2000). Internships: A try before you buy arrangement. S.A.M. Advanced Management Journal, 65, 41-45
10. D`Abate, Caroline (2010). Developmental Interactions for Business Students: Do They Make a Difference? Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies. 17(2),143-155
11. Dillon, M., McCaskey, P., & Blazer, E. (2010). MBA Internships: More Important Than Ever. Journal of Education for Business, 86(1), 44-49.


12. DiLorenzo-Aiss, Janet, and Richard E. Mathisen.(1996). Marketing higher education: Models of marketing internship programs as tools for the recruitment and retention of undergraduate majors. Journal ofMarketing far Higher Education, 7 (1),71-84.
13. Divine, R. Miller, J.H. Wilson, J Linrud.(2008), Key Philosophical Decisions to Consider When Designing an Internship Program, Journal of Management and Marketing Research,1,1-8
14. Eyler, J. T.(1992). Comparing the impact of two internship experiences on student learning. Journal of Cooperative Education ,29 (3): 41-52.
15. Farinelli, J.L., & Mann, P. (1994). How to get the most value from your internship program. Public Relations Quarterly, 35-37
16. Gabris, G. T., & Mitchell, K. (1989). Exploring the relationships between intern job performance, quality of education experience and career placement. Public Administration Quarterly, 12(4), 484-504.
17. Gault,J., Redington,J., Schlager,T.,(2000) Undergraduate business internships and career success: Are they related? Journal of Marketing Education, 22(1)
18. Gore, Jane S., Helen Y. Nelson. (1984) How Experiential Education Relates to College Goals and Objectives. Evaluation and Pro- gram Planning 7 143-149.
19. Groves, D. L., B. Howland, F. Headly, and D. Jamison. (1977). Relevance in the classroom and curriculum. College Student Journal, 11(fall): 259-261.
20. Heller, M. (1997). Interns have chance for career test drive. Hotel & Motel Management, 92.
21. Hergert, M. (2009) Student Perceptions of the value of internships in business Education, American Journal of business Education, 8, 9-13.
22. Kahn, Robert L.; Wolfe, Donald M.; Quinn, Robert P.; Snoek, J. Diedrick; Rosenthal, Robert A. (1964), Organizational stress: Studies in role conflict and ambiguity.,Oxford, England: John Wiley.
23. Kanfer, Ruth; Ackerman, Phillip L. (1989). Motivation and cognitive abilities: An integrative/aptitude-treatment interaction approach to skill acquisition.. Journal of Applied Psychology, 74(4), 657-690.

24. Knouse, S. B., Fontenot, G. (2008). Benefits of the business college internship: A research review. Journal of Employment Counseling, 45(2), 61-66.
25. Knechel, W. R. and Snowball, D. (1987) Accounting Internships and Subsequent Academic Performance:An Empirical Study, The Accounting Review, 62(4), pp. 799–807.
26. Kennon M Sheldon, Daniel B Turban, Kenneth G Brown, Murray R Barrick, Timothy A Judge. (2003). Applying Self-determination Theory To Organizational Research, Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management, 22,357-393
27. Morrow, E.P. (1995) An intern can help you, Life and Insurance Sales, 60-69.
28. Thomas W.H.Ng,Marcus M.Butts,Robert J.Vandenberg,David M.DeJoy, Mark G.Wilson (2006), Effects of management communication, opportunity for learning, and work schedule flexibility on organizational commitment, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 68(3),474-489
29. Paulson, S., Baker, H. (1999), An experimental approach to facilitate anticipatory socialization, The International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 7, 365-78.
30. Pedro, J. (1984), Induction into die workplace: the impact of internships, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 25, 80-95.
31. Piskurich, G.M. (1997). Building internship program. Personnel Psychology, 254-257.
32. Richards, E. (1984), Undergraduate preparation and early career outcomes: a study of recent college graduates, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 24, 279-304.
33. Rothman, Miriam.(2007). Lessons Learned: Advice to Employers From Interns. The Journal of Education for Business, 82(3), 140-144
34. Saks, A.M., & Ashforth, B.E. 1997. Organizational socialization: Making sense of the past and present as a prologue for the future. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 51: 234-279.
35. Scerbinski, Jackie. (2010). College Interns: An Entrepreneurial Response to a Cost-Conscious Economy, New England Journal of Entrepreneurship, 13(1), 73-77.

36. Siegel, Philip, Blackwood, B. J. & Landy D Sharon. (2010). Tax Professional Internships and Subsequent Professional Performance, American Journal of Business Education, 3(5), 51-59.
37. Taylor, M. S..(1988). Effects of college internships on individual participants.. Journal of Applied Psychology, 73(3), 393-401
38. Thiel, Glenn R., and Nell T. Hartley.1997. Cooperative education: A natural synergy between business and academia. SAM Advanced Management Journal 62 (summer)
39. The University of Chicago Booth School of Business Career Services. (2010), Employment Report 2009., The University of Chicago Booth School of Business
40. Wharton MBA Career Management graduate Division. (2010), MBA Career Report 2009, The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania
41. Graduate Management Admissions Council. (2009) Global Management Education Graduate Survey,2009 General Data Report. Graduate Management Admissions Council
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
企業管理研究所
98355005
99
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0983550051
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 黃秉德zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Huang, Ping Deren_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 丁瑞陞zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 丁瑞陞zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 2010en_US
dc.date.accessioned 3-Sep-2013 14:43:52 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 3-Sep-2013 14:43:52 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 3-Sep-2013 14:43:52 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0983550051en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/59797-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 企業管理研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 98355005zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 99zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 近年來台灣高等商業教育蓬勃發展，許多學生積極參與企業實習，企業也更願意提供企業實習機會。由於實習對學生、學校與社會都是有助益的，是相當值得推廣的學習活動。然而過去幾乎沒有任何關於企業實習之調查與研究。本研究以政治大學企管所歷屆實習學生與合作企業為對象，試圖了解實習對於學習效果和日後工作能力之影響。
本研究透過問卷調查與個案訪談方式，分析學生對實習的感受與企業對實習的意見：針對實習的四個階段: 實習前的準備、實習期間的體驗、實習後的學習效果，與日後第一份工作進行問卷調查分析，研究實習與後續學習效果與工作能力的關聯性。並對合作企業進行深入訪談，了解企業對實習運作的感受與建議。
透過複迴歸分析與訪談的研究結果顯示：
1.自我動機、實習體驗與校方支援皆會正向影響學生實習的學習效果，而物質報酬則會負向影響學習效果。
2.自我動機、實習體驗則是影響第一份工作工作能力的重要因素。
藉由本研究之發現，再分別對政大企管實習團隊、學生、學校、企業提出具體建議，希望透過本研究與後續建議，能讓台灣MBA教育的實習實務，有更多的拓展機會。		zh_TW
dc.description.tableofcontents 謝誌 I
摘要 II
本文目錄 III
圖目錄 V
表目錄 VI
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景與動機 2
第二節 研究目的與問題 3
第三節 實習概況：全球與台灣 3
第四節 政大企管所實習概況 9
第五節 研究流程 15
第二章 文獻探討 16
第一節 實習教育簡介 16
第二節 實習教育：學生、學校、企業組織 20
第三節 實習與學習 23
第四節 實習與就業 26
第三章 研究方法 31
第二節 研究對象 33
第三節 問卷設計與資料分析方法 34
第四章 研究分析 36
第一節 問卷樣本整體適合度檢定 36
第二節 問卷信度與效度分析 36
第三節 填答者資料分析 38
第四節 問卷敘述性分析 44
第五節 問卷因素分析 49
第六節 複迴歸分析 59
第五章 個案研究 64
第一節 個案研究簡介 64
第二節 味全食品公司 65
第三節 U公司 70
第六章 結論與建議 75
第一節 研究結論 75
第二節 研究意涵與具體建議 77
第三節 研究限制 81
第四節 未來研究建議 82
附錄一 83
附錄二 85
附錄三 89
參考文獻 93
中文參考文獻 93
網路參考文獻 93
英文參考文獻 94

圖目錄

圖1-1政大企管實習團隊工作流程圖 9
圖1-2本研究之研究架構 15
圖2-1企業、學生、學校在實習計畫中角色圖 20
圖3-1問卷調查研究方法架構 31
圖 4-1實習經驗對學習效果、工作能力複迴歸分析檢定架構 59

表目錄

表1-1 美國企管碩士學程實習教育調查 5
表1-2賓州大學與芝加哥大學提供的實習支援列表 7
表1-3 大學實習媒合機制比例一覽表 8
表1-4 政大企管所學生實習產業分布合計 (含台灣/大陸) 13
表2-1實習教育類別分類 18
表2-2 學校與企業合作員工、企業自行培養員工之成本比較表 21
表2-3 Yes 123 求職網 2009年學生求職「陷阱」大調查節錄 29
表3-1 政大企管各屆實習學生填答表 34
表4-1 適合度檢定統計結果 36
表4-2 問卷各構面信度分析表 37
表 4-3 就學前工作經驗調查 38
表 4-4 就學前實習經驗調查 38
表 4-5 參與實習團隊比例 38
表 4-6 實習機會管道分析表 39
表4-7 學生取得實習機會之數目表 39
表 4-8 學生實習工作性質表 40
表 4-9 學生實習工作性質表 40
表 4-10 學生實習機會淵源統計 41
表 4-11 畢業學生實習工作年資統計表 41
表 4-12 找到第一份工作所花費時間統計表 42
表 4-13 取得offer數目統計表 42
表 4-14 第一份工作任職年資統計表 43
表 4-15 第一年年薪統計表 43
表 4-16 實習前的準備問項敘述性分析表 44
表 4-17實習期間的體驗問項敘述性分析表 45
表 4-18 實習與學習效果問項敘述性分析表 46
表 4-19 實習與第一份工作問項敘述性分析表 48
表 4-20 實習前的準備問項之KMO與巴氏檢定統計量 50
表 4-21實習前的準備問項之因素分析 51
表 4-22 實習期間的體驗問項之KMO與巴氏檢定統計量 51
表 4-23 實習期間的體驗問項之因素分析 53
表 4-24 實習與學習效果問項之KMO與巴氏檢定統計量 54
表 4-25 實習與學習效果問項之因素分析 55
表 4-26實習與與第一份工作之KMO與巴氏檢定統計量 56
表 4-27 實習與完成MBA後的第一份工作問項之因素分析 57
表 4-28 問項模塊因子一覽表 58
表 4-29 實習經驗與學習效果複迴歸分析檢定之相關係數 60
表 4-30 實習經驗與學習效果複迴歸分析檢定 61
表 4-31 實習經驗與工作能力複迴歸分析檢定之相關係數 62
表 4-32 實習經驗與工作能力複迴歸分析檢定 63
表 4-33 U公司專案實習工作概況表 72
表A1-2 政大企管所學生實習產業分布合計 (台灣) 83
表A1-2 政大企管所學生在中國大陸實習產業分布合計 84
表A2-1 美國MBA學生參與之課外活動比例 85
表A2-2 美國MBA學生參與之課外活動之價值表 86
表A2-3 美國MBA學生取得工作(job offers)之管道 87
表A2-4 美國MBA學生接受工作(accepted job offers)之管道 88
表A2-5 2007年各地區企業所僱用MBA之特徵 88		zh_TW
dc.format.extent 1293020 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0983550051en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 企業實習zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 學習效果zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 就業能力zh_TW
dc.title (題名) 企業實習的成效研究 --以台灣MBA為例zh_TW
dc.title (題名) The effectiveness of internships: Taiwan MBA exampleen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 中文參考文獻
吳木崑(民98)，杜威經驗哲學對課程與教學之啟示。臺北市立教育大學學報，台北，臺北市立教育大學
周文賢(民99)，統計學。台北：智勝。
林清山(民99)，心理與教育統計學(十刷)。台北：東華書局。
林震岩(民96)，多變量分析-SPSS的操作與應用。台北：智勝。
邱皓政(民99)，量化研究與統計分析。台北：五南。
黃國光(2000)：SPSS與統計原理剖析。台北：松崗。

網路參考文獻
1. Yes 123 求職網 2009年7月求職「陷阱」大調查調查方式：網路問卷 調查期間: 98/7/1~98/7/31 樣本數: 1655 http://www.yes123.com.tw/admin/white_paper/index_detail.asp?id=20090727115211
2. Council for the Advancement of Standards in Higher Education (2010). The Role of Internship Programs-- CAS Standards Contextual Statement http://www.cas.edu/getpdf.cfm?PDF=E86CFB4D-0B9E-4853-6D82720BE0779895



英文參考文獻
1. Alpert, F., Heaney, J.G., Kuhn,K.L.,(1996). Internships in marketing: Goals, structures and assessment – Student, company and academic perspectives. Australasian Marketing Journal, 17(1), 36-45
2. Ashforth, B.E.,( 2001). Role transitions in organizational life: An identity-based perspective. Lawrence Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ.
3. Bales, K., (1979). Experiential learning: a review and annotated bibliography. Journal of Cooperative Education, 16 (winter) , 70-90
4. Baron, J. N., Kreps, D. M. (1999). Strategic human resources: Frameworks for general managers. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
5. Barr, T.F., McNeilly, K.M.(2002). The value of students’ classroom experiences from the eyes of the recruiter: information, implications, and recommendations for marketing educators. Journal of Marketing Education, 24 (2), 168-173.
6. Beenen, Gerard, Mrousseau, M. Denise. (2010).Getting the most from MBA internships: Promoting intern learning and job acceptance. Human Resource Management, 49 (1), 3-22.
7. Bernstein, Paul. (1976). Necessary elements for effective worker participation in decision making. Journal of Economic Issues, 10 (2), 490-522.
8. Candy, P., Crebert, R. (199 1) Ivory tower to concrete jungle, Journal of Higher Education, 62, 570-592.
9. Coco, Malcolm (2000). Internships: A try before you buy arrangement. S.A.M. Advanced Management Journal, 65, 41-45
10. D`Abate, Caroline (2010). Developmental Interactions for Business Students: Do They Make a Difference? Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies. 17(2),143-155
11. Dillon, M., McCaskey, P., & Blazer, E. (2010). MBA Internships: More Important Than Ever. Journal of Education for Business, 86(1), 44-49.


12. DiLorenzo-Aiss, Janet, and Richard E. Mathisen.(1996). Marketing higher education: Models of marketing internship programs as tools for the recruitment and retention of undergraduate majors. Journal ofMarketing far Higher Education, 7 (1),71-84.
13. Divine, R. Miller, J.H. Wilson, J Linrud.(2008), Key Philosophical Decisions to Consider When Designing an Internship Program, Journal of Management and Marketing Research,1,1-8
14. Eyler, J. T.(1992). Comparing the impact of two internship experiences on student learning. Journal of Cooperative Education ,29 (3): 41-52.
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