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題名 薩爾瓦多-台灣與哥斯大黎加-中國的關係模式之比較研究 2000-2012
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE RELATIONS BETWEEN EL SALVADOR-TAIWAN (ROC) AND COSTA RICA-CHINA (PRC) 2000-2012
作者 柏伊帆
Gracia Ivonne Bonilla Moran
貢獻者 邱稔壤
Chyou, Ren Rang
柏伊帆
Gracia Ivonne Bonilla Moran
關鍵詞 臺灣
哥斯大黎加
Taiwan
Costa Rica
日期 2013
上傳時間 6-Aug-2014 11:58:35 (UTC+8)
摘要 自1949年以來，中國成為中國的（中國）中華人民共和國和台灣，中華民國在台灣（ROC），中國聲稱“只有一個中國”，中華民國聲稱被聯合國承認。迄今為止，台灣是由22個國家正式承認，其中一人是薩爾瓦多是中美洲。哥斯達黎加，來自同一個分區內，是台灣的重要盟友直到2007年，移動與中國建交。雖然台灣的發展合作是獲得更多的國際空間，它是多樣的，長期的;中國的合作是孤立台灣，它有一個小品種，短期內有很大的資金超過台灣。在另一方面，由於中國是全球範圍內獲得更多的相關性，許多國家更喜歡建立與中國，而不是台灣的官方關係;這是其中一個原因哥斯達黎加首選轉向外交關係
Since 1949 that China became People’s Republic of China (PRC) and Taiwan, Republic of China in Taiwan (ROC), PRC claims “Only One China” and ROC claims to be recognized by the United Nations. Thus far Taiwan is officially recognized by 22 countries, one of them is El Salvador which is in Central America. Costa Rica, from the same sub-region, was an important ally of Taiwan until 2007 that shifted diplomatic relations with China. While Taiwan`s development cooperation is for gaining more international space, it is diverse and long term; China’s cooperation is for isolating Taiwan, it has a little variety, short term and has much funding than Taiwan’s. On the other hand, since China is acquiring more relevance globally, many countries prefer to set up official ties with China instead of Taiwan; and this was one of the reasons why Costa Rica preferred to shift diplomatic ties
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REFERENCES IN SPANISH
Journalistic Notes
Alvarez, Oscar, “¿Por qué Arias cambió a Taiwán por China?”, La Nación, Opinion, January 2012, http://www.nacion.com/opinion/foros/Arias-cambio-Taiwan-China_0_1245475548.html
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109
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Thesis and Articles
Arias, A., Palma, K, & Aquino, W., “Análisis de la Cooperación e Inversión de la República de China (Taiwán) y su Impacto en la República de El Salvador, 1997-2007”, University of El Salvador, School of International Relations, 2008.
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Cate, Peter M., “Cooperación Norte-Sur y Sur-Sur”, Technical Cooperation, IAEA Bulletin, Vol.26, No. 1, 2005.
110
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Locatelli, Niccolo, “China in Latin America: Political and Economic Implications of Beijing’s Involvement in the Region”, Florida, USA, 2011.
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Peralta, Gabriel, “De Espaldas al Dragón. Las relaciones de Centroamérica con Taiwán”, Nueva Sociedad, No. 203, 2006.
Perez, Francisco, “Taiwán y América Latina: Estrategia de Aproximación y Situación Actual”, Unisci Discussion Papers, Universidad Tamkang, Taiwán, 2004.
Rodríguez, Mario, “La batalla diplomática de Beijing y Taipei en América Latina y el Caribe”, Journal of CIDOB d’Afers Internacionals, V 81, p. 209-231, 2008
Shicheng, Xu, “Vinculaciones entre Asia y América Latina: Pasado, presente y futuro”, Observatorio Virtual Asia Pacifico, 2012.
111
Yopo, Mladen, “América Latina en la Mira Estratégica de la República Popular China”, Research Bulletin No. 1, Santiago, Chile, January 2011.
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描述 碩士
國立政治大學
國際研究英語碩士學位學程 (IMPIS)
101862014
102
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0101862014
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 邱稔壤zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Chyou, Ren Rangen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 柏伊帆zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Gracia Ivonne Bonilla Moranen_US
dc.creator (作者) 柏伊帆zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Gracia Ivonne Bonilla Moranen_US
dc.date (日期) 2013en_US
dc.date.accessioned 6-Aug-2014 11:58:35 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 6-Aug-2014 11:58:35 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 6-Aug-2014 11:58:35 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0101862014en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/68322-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國際研究英語碩士學位學程 (IMPIS)zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 101862014zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 102zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 自1949年以來，中國成為中國的（中國）中華人民共和國和台灣，中華民國在台灣（ROC），中國聲稱“只有一個中國”，中華民國聲稱被聯合國承認。迄今為止，台灣是由22個國家正式承認，其中一人是薩爾瓦多是中美洲。哥斯達黎加，來自同一個分區內，是台灣的重要盟友直到2007年，移動與中國建交。雖然台灣的發展合作是獲得更多的國際空間，它是多樣的，長期的;中國的合作是孤立台灣，它有一個小品種，短期內有很大的資金超過台灣。在另一方面，由於中國是全球範圍內獲得更多的相關性，許多國家更喜歡建立與中國，而不是台灣的官方關係;這是其中一個原因哥斯達黎加首選轉向外交關係zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) Since 1949 that China became People’s Republic of China (PRC) and Taiwan, Republic of China in Taiwan (ROC), PRC claims “Only One China” and ROC claims to be recognized by the United Nations. Thus far Taiwan is officially recognized by 22 countries, one of them is El Salvador which is in Central America. Costa Rica, from the same sub-region, was an important ally of Taiwan until 2007 that shifted diplomatic relations with China. While Taiwan`s development cooperation is for gaining more international space, it is diverse and long term; China’s cooperation is for isolating Taiwan, it has a little variety, short term and has much funding than Taiwan’s. On the other hand, since China is acquiring more relevance globally, many countries prefer to set up official ties with China instead of Taiwan; and this was one of the reasons why Costa Rica preferred to shift diplomatic tiesen_US
dc.description.tableofcontents Acknowledgements ……………………………………………………………………………..…i
Abstract …………………………………………………………………………………………...ii
Glossary of Terms and Acronyms ………………............………………..1
Chapter 1: Introduction ……..…………………………………………………………………….4
1.1 Brief History about the Republic of China (1985-2013).4
1.2 Statement of the Research Question ………………………………………...11
1.2.1 Objective ...………………………………………………………………………………13
1.2.2 Justification ……………………………………………………………………………...13
1.2.3 Variables ………………………………………………………………………………...13
1.3 Literature Review ………………………………………...…………………………………14
1.4 Methodology ……………………………………………………………………………...…17
Chapter 2: International Cooperation in El Salvador. Cases of the International Cooperation Received from United States and Venezuela …….……………………………………………...19
2.1 Introduction ………………………………………………………………………………….19
2.2 Concept of International Cooperation (IC) ……...…………..19
2.2.1 North-South Cooperation (NSC) …………………………………...…..20
2.2.1.1 Characteristics of the North-South Cooperation ...22
2.2.1.2 United States and El Salvador relations: Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC)…………………………………………………………………....26
2.2.2 South-South Cooperation (SSC). Case of Venezuela and El Salvador relations ………….29
2.2.2.1 Characteristics of South-South Cooperation …………….32
2.2.2.2 Venezuela and El Salvador relations: ALBA Petroleos of El Salvador ………………...36
Chapter 3: El Salvador-Republic of China (Taiwan) Relations ………………………..……….40
3.1 Introduction …………………………………………………………………………………40
3.2 Economic Overview of Both Countries ……………………………………………………..40
3.2.1 Republic of China (Taiwan) …………………………………………………...………….40
3.2.1.1 Commercial Environment ……………………………………………………………….41
3.2.2 Republic of El Salvador …………………………………………………………………...43
3.3 Cooperation and Economic Relations between Taiwan and Central American Countries …44
3.3.1 Bilateral Trade between ROC and Central America ………………………………...……47
3.4 Cooperation and Economic Relations between Taiwan and El Salvador …………………...53
3.4.1 Development Aid from ROC to El Salvador ……………………………………………...56
3.4.2 Bilateral Investment and Trade ……………………………………………………………61
3.4.2.1 El Salvador-Taiwan Free Trade Agreement and its benefits ………………………62
Chapter 4: Costa Rica – People’s Republic of China Relations………………….……………...65
4.1 Introduction …………………………………………………………………………………65
4.2 Economic Overview of Both Countries …………………………………………………….65
4.2.1 People’s Republic of China ……………………………………………………………….65
4.2.2 Republic of Costa Rica ……………………………………………………………………66
4.3 Cooperation and Economic Relations between China and Latin America ………………….68
4.4 Overview of Costa Rica-Taiwan relations until the shift of diplomatic relations …………..76
4.4.1 The Shift of Diplomatic Ties ……………………………………………………………...77
4.5 Cooperation and Economic Relations between China and Costa Rica ……………………..78
4.5.1 Development Aid from PRC to Costa Rica ……………………………………………….79
Chapter 5: Comparative Analysis of the Relations between El Salvador-Taiwan and Costa Rica-China …………………………………………………………………………………………….84
5.1 Introduction …………………………………………………………………………………84
5.2 Comparative study …………………………………………………………………………..84
5.3 Challenges and Opportunities ……………………………………………………………….92
Chapter 6: Conclusions and Suggestions………………………………………………………...94
References…….…………………………………………………………………..……………...97
References in English ……………………………………………………………….…………..97
References in Spanish ………………………………………………………………………….104
Appendix I ……………………………………………………………………………………..112
Appendix II ……………………………………………………………………………….........113
Appendix III ……………………………………………………………………………………117
Appendix IV …………………………………………...………………………………………122
List of Tables and Figures
Table 1.1: Important Diplomatic events occurred in PRC and ROC from 1949 to 2013 ...………7
Table 1.2: PRC and ROC: Diplomatic Relations in Latin America and the Caribbean ..……….11
Table 2.1: Development aid and Military expenses in northern countries. Distribution of government expenditure, 2003 (%) (OECD-DAC member countries) ……………………...….23
Table 2.2: Examples of the regional cooperation initiatives in Africa, Asia and Latin America..33
Table 3.1: Completed projects implemented in El Salvador and in Central America, financed by Taiwan ICDF partially and completely (in US$) ………………………………………………..48
Table 3.2: ROC’s Major Trading Partners and Central American countries, 2012...……………52
Table 3.3: Major Trading Partners of Central American Countries, 2012 ……..………………52
Table 3.4: SICA countries and Trade Balance ROC (Taiwan), 2000-2012 ……………….……54
Table 3.5: Agreements between the governments of ROC and El Salvador ……………………55
Table 3.6 Bilateral Aid received from June 2004 to March 2005 by Asian countries and other main donors………………………………………………………………………………………59
Table 3.7: Comparison of the Development Aid Received……………………………………...59
Table 3.8: Detail of the Development aid received by ROC in 2009-2010………….…….…….60
Table 4.1: Latin America: China’s Rank as a Trading Partner for Selected Countries, 2000 and 2008 ……………………………………………………………………………………………..74
Table 4.2: Selected PRC Aid and Investment Projects in 2008 (Announced or Begun) in Latin America …………………………………………………………………………………………75
Figure 4.1: Trade between Costa Rica and PRC, 2001-2012………………..……………….….78
Table 4.3: Costa Rican Bilateral Cooperation 2006-2008 ………………………………………81
Table 4.3: Types of Bilateral Cooperation received by Costa Rica 2006-2008 ………………...81
Figure 5.1: Net ODA in 2011 from OECD-DAC member countries (as a percentage of GNI)...85		zh_TW
dc.format.extent 1644102 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0101862014en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 臺灣zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 哥斯大黎加zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Taiwanen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Costa Ricaen_US
dc.title (題名) 薩爾瓦多-台灣與哥斯大黎加-中國的關係模式之比較研究 2000-2012zh_TW
dc.title (題名) COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE RELATIONS BETWEEN EL SALVADOR-TAIWAN (ROC) AND COSTA RICA-CHINA (PRC) 2000-2012en_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
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108
Government of Costa Rica & Government of China, “Convenio de Cooperación Económica y Técnica entre el Gobierno de la República de Costa Rica y el Gobierno de la República Popular de China”, Beijing, October 2007.
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Republic of China (Taiwan), “Socios del Progreso & Desarrollo Sostenible”, Libro Blanco sobre la Política de Asistencia Internacional, 2009.
Ministry of Foreign Trade of Costa Rica (COMEX), “Estudio de Factibilidad para un TLC Entre Costa Rica y China”, San Jose, Costa Rica, 2008.
Ministry of Foreign Trade of Costa Rica (COMEX), “Tratado de Libre Comercio entre Costa Rica y China”, 2010.
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of El Salvador, “2000-2001 Work Report”, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of El Salvador, 2001.
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of El Salvador, “2001-2002 Work Report”, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of El Salvador, 2002.
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of El Salvador, “2002-2003 Work Report”, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of El Salvador, 2003.
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of El Salvador, “2004-2005 Work Report”, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of El Salvador, 2005.
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of El Salvador, “2007-2008 Work Report”, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of El Salvador, 2008.
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of El Salvador, “2008-2009 Work Report”, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of El Salvador, 2009.
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of El Salvador, “2009-2010 Work Report”, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of El Salvador, 2010.
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PROCOMER, “Estadísticas de Comercio Exterior de Costa Rica, 2012”, Dirección de Inteligencia Comercial, 1st ed., 2013.
SIECA, “Las Relaciones Económicas, Comerciales y de Cooperacion entre Centroamerica y la República de China En Taiwan”, SIECA, 2007.
Statistics System of Central America’s Trade, “Main Partners: by Partner Country”, SIECA, 2013, http://estadisticas.sieca.int/Estadisticas/PrincipalesPaises.asp?TipoPBS=Pais&banner=OP4-1
Published Books
Cesarin, S. & Moneta, C., “China y América Latina. Nuevos Enfoques sobre Cooperación y Desarrollo. Una Segunda Ruta de la Seda?”, Red de Centros de Estudio de Asia y el Pacifico de América Latina y El Caribe, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 1st ed., 2005.
Montero, Marta, “Relaciones China – Costa Rica, una Referencia para Centroamérica”, Asociación Instituto de Estudios Superiores para el Desarrollo Humano Sostenible CIDH, Colección Circulo de Copan, 1st ed., 2009.
Thesis and Articles
Arias, A., Palma, K, & Aquino, W., “Análisis de la Cooperación e Inversión de la República de China (Taiwán) y su Impacto en la República de El Salvador, 1997-2007”, University of El Salvador, School of International Relations, 2008.
Ayllón, Bruno, “Cooperación Sur – Sur: Innovación y Transformación en la Cooperación Internacional”, Carolina Foundation, 2009.
Cate, Peter M., “Cooperación Norte-Sur y Sur-Sur”, Technical Cooperation, IAEA Bulletin, Vol.26, No. 1, 2005.
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Círculo de Copán; Centro Internacional para el Desarrollo Humano; Instituto Centroamericano de Políticas para el Desarrollo, “Relaciones Centroamérica y El Caribe con Potencias Extranjeras: Costa Rica – China”, Report, Fundación Konrad Adenauer, 2009.
Locatelli, Niccolo, “China in Latin America: Political and Economic Implications of Beijing’s Involvement in the Region”, Florida, USA, 2011.
Lozoya, Jorge A., “Las Relaciones de la República Popular China con América Latina”, Journal of Asia and Africa Studies, El Colegio de Mexico, Centro de Estudios de Asia y Africa, 1983.
Mosangini, Giorgio, “Decrecimiento y relaciones Norte-Sur: ¿hacia un nuevo modelo de cooperación internacional?”, Rebelión, Ecología Social, 2008.
Nacht, P., “Latin America and the Dragon: The Risks of an Economic-Commercial Relationship”, Journal of Social Sciences, Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales-Sede, Ecuador, No. 45, pp. 141-154, 2013.
NLP, “Hacia la Costa Rica Desarrollada del Bicentenario. Programa de Gobierno 2006-2010”, Observatory of Political Parties in Latin America, Partisan Documents, 2005.
Peralta, Gabriel, “De Espaldas al Dragón. Las relaciones de Centroamérica con Taiwán”, Nueva Sociedad, No. 203, 2006.
Perez, Francisco, “Taiwán y América Latina: Estrategia de Aproximación y Situación Actual”, Unisci Discussion Papers, Universidad Tamkang, Taiwán, 2004.
Rodríguez, Mario, “La batalla diplomática de Beijing y Taipei en América Latina y el Caribe”, Journal of CIDOB d’Afers Internacionals, V 81, p. 209-231, 2008
Shicheng, Xu, “Vinculaciones entre Asia y América Latina: Pasado, presente y futuro”, Observatorio Virtual Asia Pacifico, 2012.
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Yopo, Mladen, “América Latina en la Mira Estratégica de la República Popular China”, Research Bulletin No. 1, Santiago, Chile, January 2011.
Web Sites
ALBA Petroleos de El Salvador S.E.M. de C.V., “Quienes Somos” 2014, http://www.albapetroleos.com.sv/index.php?option=com_k2&view=item&layout=item&id=5&Itemid=102&lang=es
CEDUCAR, “República de China (Taiwán) brinda respaldo a la Integración Cultural Centroamericana”, CECC/SICA, 2013,
http://www.ceducar.info/CEDUCAR/index.php/quienes-somos/noticias/435-republica-de-china-taiwan-brinda-respaldo-a-la-integracion-cultural-centroamericana
Embassy of Costa Rica in PRC, “Comercio e Inversión”, 2011, http://www.costaricaembassycn.com/page.php?lang=es&op=pa&id=149&trid=85
Embassy of ROC in El Salvador, “Comercio e Inversion”, 2014, http://www.taiwanembassy.org/SV/ct.asp?xItem=58849&CtNode=3857&mp=322&xp1=322
Lozano, Jorge, “La Invasión japonesa de Manchuria (1931)” Revista Digital de Historia y Ciencias Sociales, La Segunda Guerra Mundial, Claseshistoria.com, 2004, http://www.claseshistoria.com/2guerramundial/antecedentes-manchuria.html
Revista Digital de Historia y Ciencias Sociales, “La Invasión japonesa de Manchuria (1931)”, La Segunda Guerra Mundial, Claseshistoria.com, 2014.		zh_TW