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題名 檔案描述編碼格式 (EAD) 在中文檔案應用之研究
A Study on the Applications of EAD in Chinese Archives
作者 賴麗雯
Lai, Li-Wen
貢獻者 薛理桂
賴麗雯
Lai, Li-Wen
關鍵詞 檔案
檢索工具
元資料
檔案描述編碼格式
archives
finding aids
metadata
Encoded Archival Description
EAD
日期 1999
上傳時間 22-Apr-2016 11:37:46 (UTC+8)
摘要 檔案是研究歷史或瞭解過去事情的重要工具，因此檔案館除了需善盡保存檔案之責外，還要提供檢索工具供使用者使用。隨著網際網路的蓬勃發展及資源分享概念的形成，透過WWW，採用更一致、更友善且更便利的方式進行檢索成為一種趨勢，檔案描述編碼格式（EAD）即逐漸發展出來。以此格式所製作的檢索工具，能適當地描述檔案的階層架構，且對於檔案資訊的描述較豐富。由於以標準為基礎且與平台無關，所描述的資訊可被搜尋、檢索、瀏覽，亦可方便資源共享與資訊交換，並有較長久的使用時間。在國外已有許多計畫研究EAD，也有檔案館實際利用EAD編製檔案檢索工具，並放在網站上供使用。為期EAD亦能應用在國內的中文檔案，乃進行本研究。
     本研究採文獻分析法與試驗法。藉由文獻分析法，瞭解EAD架構、目前EAD的發展現況及實際使用情形；而試驗法為實際至國內檔案館調閱檔案資料，將這些資料編製成符合EAD格式的檢索工具，並放在網站上，以檢視其是否能在WWW上瀏覽使用。
     研究結論為：(1)EAD編碼之檔案檢索工具所含資訊豐富，能在網路上直接檢索，便利使用，並能使檢索工具具有較長久的使用時間；(2)中文檔案編製成EAD格式之檢索工具，部份著錄項目可直接使用，部份則需另行輸入；(3)EAD格式可應用於中文檔案；(4)國外地區較易推展EAD的實施使用。建議有六項：(1)EAD DTD依中文檔案之特質需做調整修改或發展中文版EAD；(2)利用EAD製作中文檔案檢索工具；(3)訂定中文檔案描述相關標準；(4)配合相關軟體的使用；(5)應於文件生命週期初期做好文件整編工作；(6)不可輕忽人工分析與檔案整理的工作。
     
     第一章 緒論..............................1
     第一節 研究動機........................1
     第二節 研究目的........................2
     第三節 研究問題........................3
     第四節 預期貢獻........................3
     第五節 名詞解釋........................4
     第二章 文獻探討..........................9
     第一節 檔案描述與檢索工具..............9
     第二節 檔案描述標準...................26
     第三節 SGML...........................30
     第四節 XML............................37
     第五節 EAD的沿革......................42
     第六節 EAD相關研究計畫................50
     第三章 研究方法與步驟...................65
     第一節 研究方法.......................65
     第二節 研究範圍與限制.................66
     第三節 研究工具.......................67
     第四節 研究步驟.......................67
     第五節 研究實施.......................69
     第四章 EAD架構與使用現況................71
     第一節 EAD架構........................71
     第二節 EAD使用現況....................84
     第五章 研究結果與討論..................101
     第一節 研究結果......................101
     第二節 綜合討論......................140
     第六章 結論與建議......................145
     第一節 結論..........................145
     第二節 建議..........................147
     第三節 後續研究建議..................149
     參考書目................................151
     附錄....................................161
     附錄一 EAD DTD 1.0版標籤.............161
     附錄二 中文檔案以EAD編碼之實例.......165
參考文獻 一、 中文部份
     （一）書籍
     中央研究院近代史研究所檔案館編。外交檔案目錄彙編。第一冊。台北市：中央研究院近代史研究所，民80年。
     托馬斯．H．希克森著；戴璞、孫佐仁譯。「檔案與手稿的自動化檢索」。在 檔案工作的理論與方法。美國檔案工作者協會編，頁237-294。北京：檔案出版社，1988。
     吳寶康主編。檔案學概論。北京：中國人民大學出版社，1987。
     林秋燕等。政府檔案管理組織體系之研究。台北市：行政院研考會，民86年。
     胡歐蘭。圖書館自動化系統軟硬體報告書。台北市：教育部，民86年。
     孫鋼編著。檔案著錄與標引手冊。北京：紅旗出版社，1986。
     陳兆俁、和寶榮主編。檔案管理學基礎。北京：中國人民大學出版社，1986。
     陳雪華，圖書館與網路資源。台北市：文華，民85年。
     張書才主編。檔案工作實用手冊。北京：高等教育出版社，1991。
     電子計算機名詞編審委員會。電子計算機名詞。台北市：國立編譯館，民87年。
     鄧紹興、陳智為主編。檔案管理學。北京：中國人民大學出版社，1996。
     （二）期刊論文
     牛金芳。「EAD－一種新興的電子檔案著錄標準」。檔案管理116期（1999年1月）：頁17-18。
     吳政叡。「三個元資料格式的比較分析」。中國圖書館學會會報57期（民85年12月）：頁35-45。
     陳昭珍。「電子資訊的組織模式」。圖書館學刊12期（民86年12月）：頁161-182。
     莊樹華。「中央研究院近代史研究所檔案館管理概述」。圖書與資訊學刊22期（1997年8月）：頁86-92。
     賴麗雯。「國內外檔案館網頁資訊服務之比較」。檔案與微縮51期（1998年冬季版）：頁36-49。
     薛理桂。「檔案描述編碼格式（EAD）之發展與實施」。圖書與資訊學刊28期（1999年2月）：頁49-62。
     顏嘉惠。「特殊主題資訊之Metadata比較研究」。輔仁大學圖書資訊學系碩士班，碩士論文，民87年6月。
     （三）網路資源
     中央研究院近代史研究所。“DORE II: Document Retrieval System: 近代史研究所-外交檔案目錄彙編” [www page (on-line search query)]. [cited 12 January 2000]. Available from http://euler2.sinica.edu.tw:8080/dore-bin/dbquery
     中央研究院計算中心。“Chinese XML FAQ ” [www page]. [cited 14 November 1999]. Available from http://www.ascc.net/xml/zh/big5/faq/faq-xsl2.html
     國史館。“文件檔案、專藏檔案檢索作業” [on-line service]. [cited 12 January 2000. Available from telnet://210.241.75.202
     （四）報紙
     「檔案法三讀：具永久保存價值檔案三十年內須解密」。中國時報，民88年12月1日，第1版。
     （五）其他
     國史館藏。彰化縣政府檔案移轉目錄清冊。目錄號：410。
     二、 英文部份
     （一）書籍
     Bellardo, Lewis J., and Lynn Lady Bellardo, comp. A Glossary for Archivists, Manuscript Curators, and Records Managers. Chicago: Society of American Archivists, 1992.
     Bosak, Joh. “XML, Java, and the Future of the Web.” In XML: Principles, Tools, and Techniques. Ed. Dan Connolly, 219-227. Sebastopol, Calif.: O’Reilly & Associates, 1997.
     Bradsher, James Gregory, and Michele F. Pacifico. “History of Archives Administration.” In Managing Archives and Archival Institutions. Ed. James Gregory Bradsher, 18-33. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1989.
     Dollar, Charles M. “Archival Theory and Practices and Informatics.” In Archival Science on the Threshold of the Year 2000: Proceedings of the International Conference, Macerata, 3-8 September 1990. Ed. Oddo Bucci, 311-327. Informatics and Documentation Series, no. 2. Macerata, Italy: University of Macerata, 1992.
     Encoded Archival Description Working Group of the Society of American Archivists and the Network Development and MARC Standards Office of the Library of Congress. Encoded Archival Description Tag Library Version 1.0. Chicago: Society of American Archivists, 1998.
     Harold, Elliotte Rusty. XML: Extensible Markup Language. Foster City, Calif.: IDG Books Worldwide, 1998.
     Hsueh, Li-Kuei. “The Application of EAD in Chinese Archives.” In IT and Global Digital Library Development. Ed. Ching-chih Chen, 209-216. West Newton, Mass.：MicroUse Information, 1999.
     Hunter, Gregory S. Developing and Maintaining Practical Archives. How-to-Do-it Manual, no. 71. New York: Neal-Schuman Publishers, 1997.
     Light, Richard. Presenting XML. Indianapolis: Sams.net Publishing, 1997.
     Miller, Fredric M. Arranging and Describing Archives and Manuscripts. Chicago: Society of American Archivists, 1990.
     Smith, Joan M. SGML and Related Standards: Document Description and Processing Languages. New York: Ellis Horwood, 1992.
     Stanek, William Robert. Web Publishing Unleashed: HTML, CGI, SGML, VRML, JAVA. Indianapolis: Sams.net Publishing, 1996.
     Taylor, Arlene G. The Organization of Information. Englewood, Colo.: Libraries Unlimited, 1999.
     Van Herwijnen, Eric. Practical SGML. 2nd ed. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1994.
     （二）期刊論文
      Dempsey, Lorcan, and Rachel Heery. “Metadata: A Current View of Practice and Issues.” Journal of Documentation 54, no. 2 (March 1998): 145-172.
     DeRose, Steven J. “Navigation, Access and Control Using Structured Information.” American Archivist 60, no. 3 (Summer 1997): 298-309.
     Duff, Wendy, and Penka Stoyanova. “Transforming the Crazy Quilt: Archival Displays from a Users’ Point of View.” Archivaria 45 (Spring 1998): 44-79.
     Fox, Michael. “Implementing Encoded Archival Description: An Overview of Administrative and Technical Considerations.” American Archivist 60, no. 3 (Summer 1997): 330-343.
     Gilliland, Anne J. “The Development of Automated Archival System: Planning and Managing Change.” Library Trends 36, no. 3 (Winter 1988): 519-537.
     Hensen, Steven L. “Squaring the Circle: The Reformation of Archival Description in AACR2.” Library Trends 36, no. 3 (Winter 1988): 539-552.
     Hickerson, H. Thomas. “Archival Information Exchange and the Role of Bibliographic Networks.” Library Trends 36, no. 3 (Winter 1988): 553-571.
     Hurley, Chris. “The Making and Keeping of Records: (1) What Are Finding Aids for?” Archives and Manuscripts 26, no. 1 (May 1998): 58-77.
     Kiesling, Kris. “EAD as an Archival Descriptive Standard.” American Archivist 60, no. 3 (Summer 1997): 344-354.
     McKemmish, Sue, and Dagmar Parer. “Towards Frameworks for Standardising Recordkeeping Metadata.” Archives and Manuscripts 26, no. 1 (May 1998): 24-45.
     Phillips, John T. “Metadata: Information about Electronic Records.” Records Management Quarterly 29, no. 4 (October 1995): 52-55, 73.
     Pitti, Daniel V. “Encoded Archival Description: The Development of and Encoding Standard for Archival Finding Aids.” American Archivist 60, no. 3 (Summer 1997): 268-283.
     “Report of the Working Group on Standards for Archival Description.” American Archivist 52, no. 4 (Fall 1989): 441-460.
     Ruth, Janice E. “Encoded Archival Description: A Structural Overview.” American Archivist 60, no. 3 (Summer 1997): 310-329.
     Wallace, David A. “Archives and the Information Superhighway: Current Status and Future Challenges.” International Information & Library Review 28, no. 1 (March 1996): 79-91.
     Weber, Lisa B. “Archival Description Standards: Concepts, Principles, and Methodologies.” American Archivist 52, no. 4 (Fall 1989): 504-513.
     Younger, Jennifer A. “Resource Description in the Digital Age.” Library Trends 45, no. 3 (Winter 1997): 462-481.
     （三）網路資源
     Berkeley Digital Library SunSITE. “Finding Aids for Archival Collections” [www page]. [cited 16 April 1999]. Available from http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/FindingAids/findaids.html
     Berkeley Digital Library SunSITE. “Society of American Archivists Committee on Archival Information Exchange Encoded Archival Description Working Group” [www page]. August 1995 [cited 16 April 1999]. Available from http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/FindingAids/EAD/eadwg.html
     Bosak, Jon, and Tim Bray. “XML and the Second-Generation Web.” In Scientific American [www page]. May 1999 [cited 14 November 1999]. Available from http://www.sciam.com/1999/0599issue/0599bosak.html
     Bryan, Martin. “SGML and HTML” [www page]. [cited 29 March 1999]. Available from http://www.sgml.u-net.com/book/sgml-1.htm
     Burnard, Lou, and Richard Light. “Three SGML Metadata Formats: TEI, EAD, and CIMI” [www page]. December 1996 [cited 12 April 1999]. Available from http://hosted.ukoln.ac.uk/biblink/wp1/sgml/toc.html
     Columbia University, Rare Book and Manuscript Library. “Finding Aids for Manuscript Collections” [www page]. [cited 25 October 1999]. Available from http://www.columbia.edu/cu/libraries/indiv/rare/guides/
     Cornell Institute for Digital Collections. “EAD/XML Finding Aids Project” [www page]. [cited 25 October 1999]. Available from http://cidc.library.cornell.edu/xml
     Dougherty, Dale. “There’s a Bright Future beyond HTML.” In The XML File [www page]. 23 September 1998 [cited 22 November 1999]. Available from http://webreview.com/pub/97/05/16/feature/xmldim.html
     The EAD Round Table of the Society of American Archivists, “EAD Help Pages- EAD Sites Annotated” [www page]. [cited 13 December 1999]. Available from http://jefferson.village.virginia.edu/ead/sitesann.html
     Hedstrom, Margaret. “How Do We Make Electronic Archives Usable and Accessible?” In Documenting the Digital Age [www page]. National Science Foundation, MCI Communications Corporation, Microsoft Corporation, and History Associates Incoporated, San Francisco, 10-12 February 1997 [cited 16 November 1999]. Available from http://www.dtda.com/presenta/index.htm
     Msdn Online Web Workshop. “Introduction to XML” [www page]. [cited 9 December 1999]. Available from http://msdn.microsoft.com/xml/general/intro.asp
     Network Development & MARC Standards Office, Library of Congress, “Development of the Encoded Archival Description Document Type Description” [www page]. [cited 1 December 1999]. Available from http://www.loc.gov/ead/eadback.html
     Network Development & MARC Standards Office, Library of Congress. “Encoded Archival Description Sites on the Web” [www page]. [cited 13 December 1999]. Available from http://www.loc.gov/ead/eadsites.html
      “An Overview of Resource Description Issues.” In A Review of Metadata: A Survey of Current Resource Description Formats [www page]. Maint. UKOLN Metadata Group. [cited 12 April 1999]. Available from http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/metadata/desire/overview/rev_01.htm
     Pitti, Daniel V. “Access to Digital Representations of Archival Materials” [www page]. March 1995 [cited 8 December 1999]. Available from http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/FindingAids/EAD/diap.html
     Pitti, Daniel V. “The Berkeley Finding Aid Project: Standards in Navigation” [text file]. [cited 2 April 1999]. Available from http://ifla.inist.fr/documents/libraries/net/pitd1.txt
     Pitti, Daniel V. “Encoded Archival Description.” In D-Lib Magazine 5, no. 11 [www page]. November 1999 [cited 22 November 1999]. Available from http://www.dlib.org/dlib/november99/11pitti.html
     Pitti, Daniel V. “Settling the Digital Frontier: The Future of Scholarly Communication in the Humanities” [www page]. April 1995 [cited 27 March 1999]. Available from http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/FindingAids/EAD/dpitti.html
      “A Prototype Union Database of Encoded Archival Finding Aids.” In The Online Archive of California (OAC) Project [www page]. Maint. Alvin Pollock. ([cited 8 November 1999]). Available from http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/FindingAids/uc-ead/
     Rich, Jonathan. “XML and the IT Architect” [www page]. June 1999 [cited 18 November 1999]. Available from http://www.sunworld.com/sunworldonline/swol-06-1999/swol-06-itarchitect_p.html
     RLG. “Bringing the World`s Archives to the Desktop.” In Archival Resources [www page]. [cited 8 November 1999]. Available from http://www.rlg.org/arr/arrbrochure.html
     RLG EAD Advisory Group. “RLG Recommended Application Guidelines for EAD” [www page]. May 1998 [cited 20 October 1999]. Available from http://www.rlg.org/rlgead/guidelines.html
     Sperberg-Mcqueen, C. M., and Lou Burnard, eds. “A Gentle Introduction to SGML” [www page]. [cited 27 March 1999]. Available from http://www-tei.uic.edu/orgs/tei/sgml/teip3sg/SG.htm
     Tidwell, Doug. “What is XML?” In Introduction to XML [www page]. July 1999 [cited 11 November 1999]. Available from http://www-4.ibm.com/software/developer/education/xmlintro/xmlintro.html
     Wingo, Scot. “What is XML?” In Getting Started with XML [www page]. August 27 1999 [cited 14 November 1999]. Available from http://www.zdnet.com/devhead/stories/articles/0,4413,2322511,00.html
     Wingo, Scot. “Displaying XML.” In Getting Started with XML [www page]. August 27 1999 [cited 14 November 1999]. Available from http://www.zdnet.com/devhead/stories/articles/0,4413,2322771,00.html
     Xu, Amanda. “Metadata Conversion and the Library OPAC” [www page]. [cited 27 April 1999]. Available from http://web.mit.edu/waynej/www/xu.htm
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
圖書資訊與檔案學研究所
86155007
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#B2002001177
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 薛理桂zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 賴麗雯zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Lai, Li-Wenen_US
dc.creator (作者) 賴麗雯zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Lai, Li-Wenen_US
dc.date (日期) 1999en_US
dc.date.accessioned 22-Apr-2016 11:37:46 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 22-Apr-2016 11:37:46 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 22-Apr-2016 11:37:46 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) B2002001177en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/85984-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 圖書資訊與檔案學研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 86155007zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 檔案是研究歷史或瞭解過去事情的重要工具，因此檔案館除了需善盡保存檔案之責外，還要提供檢索工具供使用者使用。隨著網際網路的蓬勃發展及資源分享概念的形成，透過WWW，採用更一致、更友善且更便利的方式進行檢索成為一種趨勢，檔案描述編碼格式（EAD）即逐漸發展出來。以此格式所製作的檢索工具，能適當地描述檔案的階層架構，且對於檔案資訊的描述較豐富。由於以標準為基礎且與平台無關，所描述的資訊可被搜尋、檢索、瀏覽，亦可方便資源共享與資訊交換，並有較長久的使用時間。在國外已有許多計畫研究EAD，也有檔案館實際利用EAD編製檔案檢索工具，並放在網站上供使用。為期EAD亦能應用在國內的中文檔案，乃進行本研究。
     本研究採文獻分析法與試驗法。藉由文獻分析法，瞭解EAD架構、目前EAD的發展現況及實際使用情形；而試驗法為實際至國內檔案館調閱檔案資料，將這些資料編製成符合EAD格式的檢索工具，並放在網站上，以檢視其是否能在WWW上瀏覽使用。
     研究結論為：(1)EAD編碼之檔案檢索工具所含資訊豐富，能在網路上直接檢索，便利使用，並能使檢索工具具有較長久的使用時間；(2)中文檔案編製成EAD格式之檢索工具，部份著錄項目可直接使用，部份則需另行輸入；(3)EAD格式可應用於中文檔案；(4)國外地區較易推展EAD的實施使用。建議有六項：(1)EAD DTD依中文檔案之特質需做調整修改或發展中文版EAD；(2)利用EAD製作中文檔案檢索工具；(3)訂定中文檔案描述相關標準；(4)配合相關軟體的使用；(5)應於文件生命週期初期做好文件整編工作；(6)不可輕忽人工分析與檔案整理的工作。
     
     第一章 緒論..............................1
     第一節 研究動機........................1
     第二節 研究目的........................2
     第三節 研究問題........................3
     第四節 預期貢獻........................3
     第五節 名詞解釋........................4
     第二章 文獻探討..........................9
     第一節 檔案描述與檢索工具..............9
     第二節 檔案描述標準...................26
     第三節 SGML...........................30
     第四節 XML............................37
     第五節 EAD的沿革......................42
     第六節 EAD相關研究計畫................50
     第三章 研究方法與步驟...................65
     第一節 研究方法.......................65
     第二節 研究範圍與限制.................66
     第三節 研究工具.......................67
     第四節 研究步驟.......................67
     第五節 研究實施.......................69
     第四章 EAD架構與使用現況................71
     第一節 EAD架構........................71
     第二節 EAD使用現況....................84
     第五章 研究結果與討論..................101
     第一節 研究結果......................101
     第二節 綜合討論......................140
     第六章 結論與建議......................145
     第一節 結論..........................145
     第二節 建議..........................147
     第三節 後續研究建議..................149
     參考書目................................151
     附錄....................................161
     附錄一 EAD DTD 1.0版標籤.............161
     附錄二 中文檔案以EAD編碼之實例.......165		zh_TW
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#B2002001177en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 檔案zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 檢索工具zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 元資料zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 檔案描述編碼格式zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) archivesen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) finding aidsen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) metadataen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Encoded Archival Descriptionen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) EADen_US
dc.title (題名) 檔案描述編碼格式 (EAD) 在中文檔案應用之研究zh_TW
dc.title (題名) A Study on the Applications of EAD in Chinese Archivesen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 一、 中文部份
     （一）書籍
     中央研究院近代史研究所檔案館編。外交檔案目錄彙編。第一冊。台北市：中央研究院近代史研究所，民80年。
     托馬斯．H．希克森著；戴璞、孫佐仁譯。「檔案與手稿的自動化檢索」。在 檔案工作的理論與方法。美國檔案工作者協會編，頁237-294。北京：檔案出版社，1988。
     吳寶康主編。檔案學概論。北京：中國人民大學出版社，1987。
     林秋燕等。政府檔案管理組織體系之研究。台北市：行政院研考會，民86年。
     胡歐蘭。圖書館自動化系統軟硬體報告書。台北市：教育部，民86年。
     孫鋼編著。檔案著錄與標引手冊。北京：紅旗出版社，1986。
     陳兆俁、和寶榮主編。檔案管理學基礎。北京：中國人民大學出版社，1986。
     陳雪華，圖書館與網路資源。台北市：文華，民85年。
     張書才主編。檔案工作實用手冊。北京：高等教育出版社，1991。
     電子計算機名詞編審委員會。電子計算機名詞。台北市：國立編譯館，民87年。
     鄧紹興、陳智為主編。檔案管理學。北京：中國人民大學出版社，1996。
     （二）期刊論文
     牛金芳。「EAD－一種新興的電子檔案著錄標準」。檔案管理116期（1999年1月）：頁17-18。
     吳政叡。「三個元資料格式的比較分析」。中國圖書館學會會報57期（民85年12月）：頁35-45。
     陳昭珍。「電子資訊的組織模式」。圖書館學刊12期（民86年12月）：頁161-182。
     莊樹華。「中央研究院近代史研究所檔案館管理概述」。圖書與資訊學刊22期（1997年8月）：頁86-92。
     賴麗雯。「國內外檔案館網頁資訊服務之比較」。檔案與微縮51期（1998年冬季版）：頁36-49。
     薛理桂。「檔案描述編碼格式（EAD）之發展與實施」。圖書與資訊學刊28期（1999年2月）：頁49-62。
     顏嘉惠。「特殊主題資訊之Metadata比較研究」。輔仁大學圖書資訊學系碩士班，碩士論文，民87年6月。
     （三）網路資源
     中央研究院近代史研究所。“DORE II: Document Retrieval System: 近代史研究所-外交檔案目錄彙編” [www page (on-line search query)]. [cited 12 January 2000]. Available from http://euler2.sinica.edu.tw:8080/dore-bin/dbquery
     中央研究院計算中心。“Chinese XML FAQ ” [www page]. [cited 14 November 1999]. Available from http://www.ascc.net/xml/zh/big5/faq/faq-xsl2.html
     國史館。“文件檔案、專藏檔案檢索作業” [on-line service]. [cited 12 January 2000. Available from telnet://210.241.75.202
     （四）報紙
     「檔案法三讀：具永久保存價值檔案三十年內須解密」。中國時報，民88年12月1日，第1版。
     （五）其他
     國史館藏。彰化縣政府檔案移轉目錄清冊。目錄號：410。
     二、 英文部份
     （一）書籍
     Bellardo, Lewis J., and Lynn Lady Bellardo, comp. A Glossary for Archivists, Manuscript Curators, and Records Managers. Chicago: Society of American Archivists, 1992.
     Bosak, Joh. “XML, Java, and the Future of the Web.” In XML: Principles, Tools, and Techniques. Ed. Dan Connolly, 219-227. Sebastopol, Calif.: O’Reilly & Associates, 1997.
     Bradsher, James Gregory, and Michele F. Pacifico. “History of Archives Administration.” In Managing Archives and Archival Institutions. Ed. James Gregory Bradsher, 18-33. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1989.
     Dollar, Charles M. “Archival Theory and Practices and Informatics.” In Archival Science on the Threshold of the Year 2000: Proceedings of the International Conference, Macerata, 3-8 September 1990. Ed. Oddo Bucci, 311-327. Informatics and Documentation Series, no. 2. Macerata, Italy: University of Macerata, 1992.
     Encoded Archival Description Working Group of the Society of American Archivists and the Network Development and MARC Standards Office of the Library of Congress. Encoded Archival Description Tag Library Version 1.0. Chicago: Society of American Archivists, 1998.
     Harold, Elliotte Rusty. XML: Extensible Markup Language. Foster City, Calif.: IDG Books Worldwide, 1998.
     Hsueh, Li-Kuei. “The Application of EAD in Chinese Archives.” In IT and Global Digital Library Development. Ed. Ching-chih Chen, 209-216. West Newton, Mass.：MicroUse Information, 1999.
     Hunter, Gregory S. Developing and Maintaining Practical Archives. How-to-Do-it Manual, no. 71. New York: Neal-Schuman Publishers, 1997.
     Light, Richard. Presenting XML. Indianapolis: Sams.net Publishing, 1997.
     Miller, Fredric M. Arranging and Describing Archives and Manuscripts. Chicago: Society of American Archivists, 1990.
     Smith, Joan M. SGML and Related Standards: Document Description and Processing Languages. New York: Ellis Horwood, 1992.
     Stanek, William Robert. Web Publishing Unleashed: HTML, CGI, SGML, VRML, JAVA. Indianapolis: Sams.net Publishing, 1996.
     Taylor, Arlene G. The Organization of Information. Englewood, Colo.: Libraries Unlimited, 1999.
     Van Herwijnen, Eric. Practical SGML. 2nd ed. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1994.
     （二）期刊論文
      Dempsey, Lorcan, and Rachel Heery. “Metadata: A Current View of Practice and Issues.” Journal of Documentation 54, no. 2 (March 1998): 145-172.
     DeRose, Steven J. “Navigation, Access and Control Using Structured Information.” American Archivist 60, no. 3 (Summer 1997): 298-309.
     Duff, Wendy, and Penka Stoyanova. “Transforming the Crazy Quilt: Archival Displays from a Users’ Point of View.” Archivaria 45 (Spring 1998): 44-79.
     Fox, Michael. “Implementing Encoded Archival Description: An Overview of Administrative and Technical Considerations.” American Archivist 60, no. 3 (Summer 1997): 330-343.
     Gilliland, Anne J. “The Development of Automated Archival System: Planning and Managing Change.” Library Trends 36, no. 3 (Winter 1988): 519-537.
     Hensen, Steven L. “Squaring the Circle: The Reformation of Archival Description in AACR2.” Library Trends 36, no. 3 (Winter 1988): 539-552.
     Hickerson, H. Thomas. “Archival Information Exchange and the Role of Bibliographic Networks.” Library Trends 36, no. 3 (Winter 1988): 553-571.
     Hurley, Chris. “The Making and Keeping of Records: (1) What Are Finding Aids for?” Archives and Manuscripts 26, no. 1 (May 1998): 58-77.
     Kiesling, Kris. “EAD as an Archival Descriptive Standard.” American Archivist 60, no. 3 (Summer 1997): 344-354.
     McKemmish, Sue, and Dagmar Parer. “Towards Frameworks for Standardising Recordkeeping Metadata.” Archives and Manuscripts 26, no. 1 (May 1998): 24-45.
     Phillips, John T. “Metadata: Information about Electronic Records.” Records Management Quarterly 29, no. 4 (October 1995): 52-55, 73.
     Pitti, Daniel V. “Encoded Archival Description: The Development of and Encoding Standard for Archival Finding Aids.” American Archivist 60, no. 3 (Summer 1997): 268-283.
     “Report of the Working Group on Standards for Archival Description.” American Archivist 52, no. 4 (Fall 1989): 441-460.
     Ruth, Janice E. “Encoded Archival Description: A Structural Overview.” American Archivist 60, no. 3 (Summer 1997): 310-329.
     Wallace, David A. “Archives and the Information Superhighway: Current Status and Future Challenges.” International Information & Library Review 28, no. 1 (March 1996): 79-91.
     Weber, Lisa B. “Archival Description Standards: Concepts, Principles, and Methodologies.” American Archivist 52, no. 4 (Fall 1989): 504-513.
     Younger, Jennifer A. “Resource Description in the Digital Age.” Library Trends 45, no. 3 (Winter 1997): 462-481.
     （三）網路資源
     Berkeley Digital Library SunSITE. “Finding Aids for Archival Collections” [www page]. [cited 16 April 1999]. Available from http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/FindingAids/findaids.html
     Berkeley Digital Library SunSITE. “Society of American Archivists Committee on Archival Information Exchange Encoded Archival Description Working Group” [www page]. August 1995 [cited 16 April 1999]. Available from http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/FindingAids/EAD/eadwg.html
     Bosak, Jon, and Tim Bray. “XML and the Second-Generation Web.” In Scientific American [www page]. May 1999 [cited 14 November 1999]. Available from http://www.sciam.com/1999/0599issue/0599bosak.html
     Bryan, Martin. “SGML and HTML” [www page]. [cited 29 March 1999]. Available from http://www.sgml.u-net.com/book/sgml-1.htm
     Burnard, Lou, and Richard Light. “Three SGML Metadata Formats: TEI, EAD, and CIMI” [www page]. December 1996 [cited 12 April 1999]. Available from http://hosted.ukoln.ac.uk/biblink/wp1/sgml/toc.html
     Columbia University, Rare Book and Manuscript Library. “Finding Aids for Manuscript Collections” [www page]. [cited 25 October 1999]. Available from http://www.columbia.edu/cu/libraries/indiv/rare/guides/
     Cornell Institute for Digital Collections. “EAD/XML Finding Aids Project” [www page]. [cited 25 October 1999]. Available from http://cidc.library.cornell.edu/xml
     Dougherty, Dale. “There’s a Bright Future beyond HTML.” In The XML File [www page]. 23 September 1998 [cited 22 November 1999]. Available from http://webreview.com/pub/97/05/16/feature/xmldim.html
     The EAD Round Table of the Society of American Archivists, “EAD Help Pages- EAD Sites Annotated” [www page]. [cited 13 December 1999]. Available from http://jefferson.village.virginia.edu/ead/sitesann.html
     Hedstrom, Margaret. “How Do We Make Electronic Archives Usable and Accessible?” In Documenting the Digital Age [www page]. National Science Foundation, MCI Communications Corporation, Microsoft Corporation, and History Associates Incoporated, San Francisco, 10-12 February 1997 [cited 16 November 1999]. Available from http://www.dtda.com/presenta/index.htm
     Msdn Online Web Workshop. “Introduction to XML” [www page]. [cited 9 December 1999]. Available from http://msdn.microsoft.com/xml/general/intro.asp
     Network Development & MARC Standards Office, Library of Congress, “Development of the Encoded Archival Description Document Type Description” [www page]. [cited 1 December 1999]. Available from http://www.loc.gov/ead/eadback.html
     Network Development & MARC Standards Office, Library of Congress. “Encoded Archival Description Sites on the Web” [www page]. [cited 13 December 1999]. Available from http://www.loc.gov/ead/eadsites.html
      “An Overview of Resource Description Issues.” In A Review of Metadata: A Survey of Current Resource Description Formats [www page]. Maint. UKOLN Metadata Group. [cited 12 April 1999]. Available from http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/metadata/desire/overview/rev_01.htm
     Pitti, Daniel V. “Access to Digital Representations of Archival Materials” [www page]. March 1995 [cited 8 December 1999]. Available from http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/FindingAids/EAD/diap.html
     Pitti, Daniel V. “The Berkeley Finding Aid Project: Standards in Navigation” [text file]. [cited 2 April 1999]. Available from http://ifla.inist.fr/documents/libraries/net/pitd1.txt
     Pitti, Daniel V. “Encoded Archival Description.” In D-Lib Magazine 5, no. 11 [www page]. November 1999 [cited 22 November 1999]. Available from http://www.dlib.org/dlib/november99/11pitti.html
     Pitti, Daniel V. “Settling the Digital Frontier: The Future of Scholarly Communication in the Humanities” [www page]. April 1995 [cited 27 March 1999]. Available from http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/FindingAids/EAD/dpitti.html
      “A Prototype Union Database of Encoded Archival Finding Aids.” In The Online Archive of California (OAC) Project [www page]. Maint. Alvin Pollock. ([cited 8 November 1999]). Available from http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/FindingAids/uc-ead/
     Rich, Jonathan. “XML and the IT Architect” [www page]. June 1999 [cited 18 November 1999]. Available from http://www.sunworld.com/sunworldonline/swol-06-1999/swol-06-itarchitect_p.html
     RLG. “Bringing the World`s Archives to the Desktop.” In Archival Resources [www page]. [cited 8 November 1999]. Available from http://www.rlg.org/arr/arrbrochure.html
     RLG EAD Advisory Group. “RLG Recommended Application Guidelines for EAD” [www page]. May 1998 [cited 20 October 1999]. Available from http://www.rlg.org/rlgead/guidelines.html
     Sperberg-Mcqueen, C. M., and Lou Burnard, eds. “A Gentle Introduction to SGML” [www page]. [cited 27 March 1999]. Available from http://www-tei.uic.edu/orgs/tei/sgml/teip3sg/SG.htm
     Tidwell, Doug. “What is XML?” In Introduction to XML [www page]. July 1999 [cited 11 November 1999]. Available from http://www-4.ibm.com/software/developer/education/xmlintro/xmlintro.html
     Wingo, Scot. “What is XML?” In Getting Started with XML [www page]. August 27 1999 [cited 14 November 1999]. Available from http://www.zdnet.com/devhead/stories/articles/0,4413,2322511,00.html
     Wingo, Scot. “Displaying XML.” In Getting Started with XML [www page]. August 27 1999 [cited 14 November 1999]. Available from http://www.zdnet.com/devhead/stories/articles/0,4413,2322771,00.html
     Xu, Amanda. “Metadata Conversion and the Library OPAC” [www page]. [cited 27 April 1999]. Available from http://web.mit.edu/waynej/www/xu.htm		zh_TW