個體在社會排斥後之因應反應：所屬團體相關因素與個人因素之影響

Abstract

本研究嘗試從團體相關因素及個人因素兩方面，分別探討個體面對社會排斥時所可能產生之因應反應。實驗一以情境模擬故事的方式進行。研究參與者隨機分派至2（團體相對地位：高vs.低）×4（再被接受可能性：20% vs. 50% vs. 80% vs.無訊息）的實驗情境中。結果顯示，當原屬團體為高地位且再被接受可能性等於或大於50%時，個人留在原團體的意願顯著高於其他情境。實驗二為2（不同自我激發：獨立我vs.相依我）×2（被排斥原因：能力vs.人際）完全受試者間設計。結果發現，相較於其他情境，被觸發獨立我個體若因人際因素而被社會排斥時，對團體會有著最差的評價。而被觸發獨立我或相依我的個體，也會隨著社會排斥的原因不同而有著不同的因應行為反應。

In this study we manipulated the possible group-related factors and individual factors to investigate how people would react after being excluded from a group. Experiment 1 was a scenario study. The participants were assigned to a 2 (group status: high vs. low) × 4 (the probability of re-acceptance by the original group: 20% vs. 50% vs.80% vs. no feedback) experimental conditions. As predicted, when original group status was high and the probabilities of re-acceptance were equal to or more than 50%, participants had the highest intention to stay in the original group. In experiment 2 we manipulated individual factors and randomly assigned participants to 2 (self-construal priming: independent vs. interdependent self) × 2 (the reason of being excluded: ability vs. interpersonal) experimental conditions. The results showed that when individuals were primed with different self-construal, they would react differently after social exclusion. Moreover, those who were with independent self would gave lowest evaluation to the rejecting group when they were excluded for interpersonal reasons.