在福樂（Flourishing）之外：護理人員本土化幸福感量表之編製與檢驗

Abstract

本研究目的在建構一套護理人員的幸福感量表，以做為未來護理人員幸福診斷、檢測或介入成效評估之工具。秉持「一心多態」（one mind, many mentalities）原則，為兼顧幸福感內涵之共性與殊相並貼近護理職場特性，先採「由上而下」策略，以既有文獻為起始參照架構，再採取「由下而上」策略，進行焦點團體訪談，探詢其幸福經驗。透過由上而下與由下而上之對話與調整，先釐出幸福感向度，再透過嚴謹的量表編製與檢驗程序。預試和正式樣本均來自南部某幾家醫院的護理人員，有效樣本數各為387和406人。研究結果發現：一、護理人員幸福感量表共30題，包括社會成就、社會意義、家人關係、同儕關係、上下關係、平安即福、忙中得閒等向度；二、各向度均有良好的內部一致性；三、各向度與其他幸福感指標均達顯著相關。未來可發展不同版本量表，並以此量表做為介入成效的評估工具。

This research develops a subjective well-being scale that can be used on nurses to diagnose and evaluate their subjective well-being. Based on the concept of “one mind, many mentalities”, the research started with a top-down approach, forming the construct based on previous literature, and followed up with a bottom-up approach, asking a focus group’s participants about their subjective well-being experiences. Both approaches are used to ensure that the connotations of well-being can reflect human universal, cultural specificity, and the characteristics of nurses. Through the dialogue between the two approaches, the preliminary dimensions of nurses’ well-being were figured out, and then the scale was developed and validated. Data from both the pilot study and formal study were collected from nurses of several hospitals in southern Taiwan. The valid samples for the pilot and formal studies are 387 and 406, respectively. The study offers three findings. First, the construct of nurses’ subjective well-being includes social achievement, social meaning, family relationship, peer relationship, superior-subordinate relationship, peace-as-fortune, and ease-while-busy. Second, all dimensions have good internal consistency. Third, all dimensions have significant and expected relations with the other well-being index. A future study could develop different versions of this scale and use this scale as a tool to evaluate the consequences of intervention programs.