論最低工資與生活工資

Abstract

國際勞工組織主張最低工資政策係改善低薪問題的政策工具之一，惟在全球化的發展之下，低薪、工作貧窮的問題逐漸被人關注，最低工資的數額越來越無法使勞工過上合理的生活水準，在此背景下，生活工資運動逐漸佔據大眾的視野，而生活工資條例的施行也為就業帶來正面效應。\n本研究選擇有施行生活工資制度的英國、美國以及將生活工資概念納入最低工資制度的日本，作為範例，首先，本文將整理各國之最低工資制度，再探討生活工資運動出現的背景及各該生活工資制度詳細內容，並歸納在生活工資制度施行後對經濟、就業所產生的影響，在回顧三國制度後，本文將透過訪談的方式，了解目前台灣基本工資的問題以及在台灣的政治、經濟以及社會環境下，生活工資制度在我國的可行性與可能產生之影響。

International Labour Organization claimed that the Minimum Wage Policy is one of the policy instruments to improve low-wage problems. However, under the development of globalization, the problems of low wage and working poor gradually attracted people’s attention. In this context, living wage movement caught people’s eye and living wage ordinances also had positive effects on employment.\nThis research chose the United Kingdom and the United States which have already implemented living wage ordinances, and Japan which had brought the concept of living wage in the Act of Minimum Wage as examples. First of all, this article sorted out the minimum wage system in the countries mentioned above, and summarized the impacts on the economy and employment after the implementation of the living wage ordinances. After reviewing the living wage systems in these countries, this research conducted several interviews to understand the problems with the basic wage in Taiwan and the feasibility and possible impact of implementing the living wage system under current Taiwanese political, economic, and social environment.