Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://ah.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/33632
DC FieldValueLanguage
dc.contributor.advisor王定士zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisorWang,Ding-Shuen_US
dc.contributor.author陳冠宇zh_TW
dc.contributor.authorChen,Guan-Yuen_US
dc.creator陳冠宇zh_TW
dc.creatorChen,Guan-Yuen_US
dc.date2006en_US
dc.date.accessioned2009-09-17T09:44:32Z-
dc.date.available2009-09-17T09:44:32Z-
dc.date.issued2009-09-17T09:44:32Z-
dc.identifierG0902630122en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/33632-
dc.description碩士zh_TW
dc.description國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description俄羅斯研究所zh_TW
dc.description90263012zh_TW
dc.description95zh_TW
dc.description.abstract本文將以北方造船廠與波羅的海造船廠競標軍售中國「現代級」驅逐艦訂單之個案為例,透過國家安全研究途徑、國際戰略研究途徑以及決策研究途徑 ,檢視俄羅斯軍售中國政策之形成,從而探討俄羅斯軍售政策在普欽鞏固政權過程中之角色,並研析該項發展對台海安全之意涵,研究1991年至2006年期間俄羅斯軍售中國政策,並且探討其對亞太暨台海安全之衝擊,本文將闡釋從政治、經濟以及戰略層面,探討1991年至2006年期間俄羅斯對中國軍售的內外在驅動因素,及其對亞太和台海安全之衝擊。\n\n本文認為,俄羅斯對中國軍售政策,乃是普欽鞏固權力過程之重要一環,2000年普欽上台後,俄羅斯葉里欽幫與聖彼得堡幫互相角力,競逐政經資源,以本案為例,波羅的海造船廠之最後勝出,乃是俄羅斯軍售中國政策形成之主導權從葉里欽幫 (經濟優先派/葉里欽人馬/莫斯科幫:卡西亞諾夫˙佛洛申派) 轉移到聖彼得堡幫 (國安優先派/普欽人馬/聖彼得堡幫) 手中之必然結果,因此,俄羅斯對中國軍售政策之形成,顯然有其政經與安全之考量,而其政商互動關係則為政策形成之關鍵,至於該項政策之形成與執行過程,則往往產生派系之間爭奪資源交換利益之重大弊端;而該項政策之執行結果,勢將影響亞太地區之區域安全;從而,勢將影響台海安全之均衡情勢,因此俄羅斯對中國軍售政策之形成乃是由於克里姆林宮政治勢力在內外在環境環節關聯下互動形塑而成的。\n\n上述假設命題衍生出來下列邏輯相關的子命題:\n\n(一) 俄羅斯對中國軍售政策之形成與執行過程,則往往產生派系之間爭奪資源交換利益之重大弊端。在軍售中國訂單的決策過程 (Decision-Making Process) 中,波羅的海造船廠(Baltiisky Zavod shipyard;Балтийский завод) 之最後勝出,乃是俄羅斯軍售中國政策形成之主導權從葉里欽幫轉移到聖彼得堡幫手中之必然結果。\n\n(二) 軍售弊案中的派系與兩個造船廠之間政商互動關係則為俄羅斯對中國軍售政策形成之關鍵。\n(三) 俄國軍售中國訂單的俄國決策階層在決策考量上及俄羅斯對中國軍售政策之形成,顯然有其政經與安全之考量,2000至2004年期間,俄羅斯對中國軍售的政策,主要是受到俄羅斯國內政治互動,經濟發展考量,以及戰略三角互動等內外在因素的驅動,俄羅斯對中國軍售政策,乃是普欽鞏固權力過程 (Consolidating Power Process) 之重要一環。\n\n(四) 俄羅斯對中國軍售政策之執行結果,勢將影響亞太地區之區域安全;從而,勢將影響台海安全之均衡情勢。\n<br>本文將以北方造船廠 (Северная верфь; Severnaya Verf) 與波羅的海造船廠(Балтийский завод; Baltiisky Zavod shipyard) 競標軍售中國「現代級」驅逐艦訂單之個案為例,透過國家安全研究途徑 (National Security Approach) 、國際戰略研究途徑 (International Strategic Approach) 以及決策研究途徑 (decision-making Approach) ,檢視俄羅斯軍售中國政策之形成,從而探討俄羅斯軍售政策在普欽鞏固政權過程中之角色,並研析該項發展對台海安全之意涵,研究1991年至2006年期間俄羅斯軍售中國政策,並且探討其對亞太暨台海安全之衝擊,本文將闡釋從政治、經濟以及戰略層面,探討1991年至2006年期間俄羅斯對中國軍售的內外在驅動因素,及其對亞太和台海安全之衝擊。\n本文認為,俄羅斯對中國軍售政策,乃是普欽鞏固權力過程之重要一環。2000年普欽上台後,俄羅斯葉里欽幫與聖彼得堡幫互相角力,競逐政經資源。以本案為例,波羅的海造船廠之最後勝出,乃是俄羅斯軍售中國政策形成之主導權從葉里欽幫 (經濟優先派/葉里欽人馬/莫斯科幫:卡西亞諾夫˙沃洛申派) 轉移到聖彼得堡幫 (國安優先派/普欽人馬/聖彼得堡幫) 手中之必然結果。因此,俄羅斯對中國軍售政策之形成,顯然有其政經與安全之考量,而其政商互動關係則為政策形成之關鍵,至於該項政策之形成與執行過程,則往往產生派系之間爭奪資源交換利益之重大弊端;而該項政策之執行結果,勢將影響亞太地區之區域安全;從而,勢將影響台海安全之均衡情勢。\n<br>因此,本文認為:\n\n\n(一) 俄羅斯對中國軍售政策之形成與執行過程,則往往產生派系之間爭奪資源交換利益之重大弊端,在軍售中國訂單的決策過程中,波羅的海造船廠之最後勝出,乃是俄羅斯軍售中國政策形成之主導權從葉里欽幫轉移到聖彼得堡幫手中之必然結果:\n\n2001年4月,北廠把公司的控股賣給了俄羅斯國際工業銀行(Межотраслевой промышленный банк; Mezhprombank) ,進而使俄國造船局 (Российское агентство по судостроению; Russian Shipbuilding Agency) 在北方造船廠的事先運作下而受到影響,因此俄國造船局屬意由北廠得標,由於將自己的親信安插在俄國武器出口公司與國防部內且加強國防部在對外軍售與武器輸出管制上的權力,並且克里姆林宮在2001年底前就已宣布有關軍售中國訂單的醜聞的計劃,根據最早的計劃,俄克里姆林宮掌握了中國造艦案訂單的最早決議是由俄國造船局與北方造船廠之間所共同做出的決定,在2002年1月3日契約簽訂之前是由俄國造船局擔任訂單招標的決定機構,但在2002年1月3日契約簽訂之後,訂單招標的決定機構就變成俄國武器出口公司擔任訂單招標的決定機構,於是波羅的海造船廠的主張與策略是透過團結黨在國家杜馬議員別赫金 (Владимир Пехтин; Vladimir Pekhtin) 審查北廠漏繳國庫案,打擊北廠,並且透過對克列巴諾夫副總理的遊說,而使克列巴諾夫重新重啟招標,因此聖彼得堡幫與波廠獲取這次爭食訂單的勝利。\n2000年普欽上台後,俄羅斯葉里欽幫與聖彼得堡幫互相角力,競逐政經資源。\n俄羅斯對中國軍售政策之形成與執行過程,則往往產生聖彼得堡幫及葉里欽派(Yeltin bloc)之間爭奪資源交換利益之重大弊端,在波羅的海造船廠對聖彼得堡幫的遊說下且北方造船廠在葉里欽派的支持下,雙方相互爭奪俄國軍售中國武器的訂單,對兩大派系而言是爭取軍售及軍售決策政府單位的決策主導權,因此俄羅斯對中國軍售政策之形成與執行過程產生北方造船廠與波羅的海造船廠爭食訂單之重大弊端,葉里欽親信在葉里欽總統下台後頓失舞台,葉里欽親信為了保其殘存勢力的延續而與新寡頭結合,葉里欽親信與新舊寡頭結合後與普欽的親信派爭權奪利導致了俄中軍售弊案的發生。\n<br>(二) 軍售弊案中的派系與兩個造船廠之間政商互動關係則為俄羅斯對中國軍售政策形成之關鍵:\n\n俄國造船廠與克里姆林宮政治派系利益掛勾,在對中國軍售上為了贏得訂單而運用其政商關係,在軍售弊案中,沃洛申 (Волошину Александру; Alexander Voloshin) 集團與北方造船廠 (Северная верфь; Severnaya Verf) 之間的政商互動關係以及聖彼得堡幫 (St. peterburg bloc) 與波羅的海造船廠 (Балтийский завод; Baltiisky Zavod shipyard) 之間的政商互動關係則為俄羅斯對中國軍售政策形成之關鍵,沃洛申集團 (Voloshin clan;Yeltin clan; Economic Advice bloc (經濟優先派/葉里欽人馬/莫斯科幫:卡西亞諾夫(Касьянов Михаил Михайлович; Mihail Mihaylovich Kasyanov)與沃洛申派) 的形成與成員是以葉里欽時期金融寡頭及軍企寡頭等的親中勢力為主,聖彼得堡幫是普欽總統的人馬與派系,聖彼得堡幫的成員遍及軍企、媒體、俄國武器出口部門、國會及政府內閣與總統辦公廳內部,經濟顧問派的龍頭則為總理卡西亞諾夫:安全顧問派的龍頭則是克列巴諾夫 (Клебанова Ильи; Ilya Klebanova) ,在這兩大派系的背後,又都各擁有一個龐大的財團支持。與卡西亞諾夫聯盟的財團與公司則是波塔寧 (Потанин Владимир Олегович; Vladmir O.Potanin) 與謝爾蓋‧普加契夫 (Sergey Pugachev) 支持的北方造船廠;與克列巴諾夫聯盟的財團與公司是波羅的海造船廠。\n<br> (三) 俄國軍售中國訂單的俄國決策階層在決策考量上及俄羅斯對中國軍售政策之形成,顯然有其政經與安全之考量,2000至2004年期間,俄羅斯對中國軍售的政策,主要是受到俄羅斯國內政治互動,經濟發展考量,以及戰略三角互動等內外在因素的驅動,俄羅斯對中國軍售政策,乃是普欽鞏固權力過程之重要一環:\n\n1.經濟因素影響了俄國對中國軍售政策的形成:\n\n在普欽的認知與觀點上,俄中戰略夥伴關係是用來賺錢的工具且是在俄中戰略夥伴關係架構下軍火貿易的平台上而有賺錢的機會,俄羅斯在經濟領域的國家利益是最主要的國家利益,只有在穩定發展經濟的基礎上才能解決與俄羅斯國家利益有關的問題, 俄羅斯軍售中國賺取外匯挹注經濟發展,才有可能達成軍事現代化且使俄羅斯賺取外匯以準備發展新一代核武器和高精尖武器裝備。\n為了國防工業轉產、國內經濟大幅衰退、賺取外匯挹注經濟發展:軍售中國是為了因應俄羅斯國內政治生態與經濟發展互動的需求。普欽希望能爭取到軍事工業集團的支援,特別是軍工企業旗下的大批工人;因為軍售中國可以創造相當數量的就業機會。\n因為俄國總統普欽希望能夠爭取到軍火利益團體的支持,在俄國國內政治勢力與俄國軍工企業向俄國政府的要求下,所以普欽政府大量的軍售中國,普欽的目的是要換取俄國軍工企業的支持, 扶持軍事工業以收攬軍工複合體(военно-промышленный комплекс; Military-Industrial Complex) 勢力是普欽經濟發展的策略之一,事實上,軍售中國是為了因應俄羅斯國內政治生態與經濟發展互動的需求,普欽希望能爭取到軍事工業集團的支援,特別是軍工企業旗下的大批工人;因為軍售中國可以創造相當數量的就業機會。\n在政治因素上,俄羅斯國內的軍火工業從業人口佔有相當大的比例,普欽為了贏得下一屆總統選舉,勢必要為軍火工業製造利多消息,藉以換取軍火工業人口的選票,因此普欽企圖以軍售中國爭取軍工集團的支持,以爭取軍工企業工人選票,普欽企圖以軍售中國賺取外匯挹注經濟發展,才有可能達成軍事現代化的目標,以此訴求爭取軍方支持,軍售中國是俄國國內政治的要求,因為俄國總統普欽希望能夠爭取到軍火利益團體的支持,特別是軍火業雇用大批工人,對俄國經濟來說非常重要,此外,它也能資助俄國軍力的現代化,而這正是普欽的另一重要意圖, 普欽認為軍售中國能資助俄國軍力的現代化,因此普欽及其親信為了要擴大權勢以及要控制軍工領域而使普欽可以徹底而確實的推動一系列的的國防工業體制改革與軍事改革而須掌控軍工企業,俄羅斯希望經由對中國的武器出口交易及軍事科技轉移,來吸取中國在軍轉民用政策上的經驗,以有效掌握其技術和資金,積極推動俄國龐大的軍企在民用化方面的成效,從而改善人民的生活,增加俄軍財源,以補充其軍費, 緩解軍工企業困難,為其進一步發展積累啟動資金,增加外匯收入,緩解國內經濟危機。\n\n2. 國家安全因素是俄國軍售中國訂單的俄國決策階層在決策時的考量:\n\n普欽軍售中國的國家安全考量乃是為了挽救俄羅斯衆多的軍工企業與科研機構不致於陷入舉步維艱的境地且減少對於俄羅斯國防實力和國家安全上的直接威脅,普欽為了減低軍方在國家安全方面的疑慮,承諾軍售中國將會有所限制,中國在採購大量的俄制軍備後,有可能反噬俄羅斯,再加上中國威脅論的推波助瀾,俄羅斯未來在對中國的軍售上勢必會多加考慮。\n\n3. 國際戰略因素是俄國軍售中國訂單的俄國決策階層在決策時的考量:\n\n就戰略觀點來看,俄國決定銷售精密複雜的武器 (sophisticated weaponry)給中國,乃是基於俄國的國家利益 (national interests) ,及俄國的整體國家經濟 (overall economic) 和地緣政治 (Geopolitics) 等因素制約驅使所致。 \n俄中軍火貿易是俄中戰略協作的一環,俄羅斯當前的外交策略是東西並重,而非過去的一面倒向西方,藉由對中國的軍售來拉攏中國,以增加俄羅斯對西方世界談判的籌碼,提高國際地位,增加對國際事務的影響力,俄希望在國際軍事衝突中,交戰雙方都使用俄製武器,這樣在解決國際事務過程中手中就多了一張可討價還價的政治籌碼,有利於俄對國際事務施加影響。俄羅斯對於印度與中國兩國的軍火交易有相當大的差異,相較於印度並未與俄羅斯直接相鄰,中國與俄羅斯有相當長的國界相鄰,俄羅斯再出售武器給予中國的同時必須顧及到將來若與中國發生衝突的可能性,俄羅斯出售軍備給予中國,但不可避免的,必須去面臨日益強大的中國在俄羅斯東部所形成的威脅,因此俄羅斯在出售武器給予中國的同時也出售軍火給予印度,俄羅斯提供武器給與印度具有很大的戰略考量,俄羅斯提供給印度的武器較中國先進,對於俄羅斯來說,這樣的差異,是基於考慮到提供印度較為先進的武器可以牽制中國的勢力,俄羅斯聯合中國互為奧援,對於俄羅斯提昇國際地位的努力,不失為是一項最佳的選擇,此外,近年來俄羅斯求在經濟上有所作為,把中國視為主要的軍火銷售對象,俄中睦鄰友好合作條約 (The Russia-China Friendship and Cooperation Treaty) 的簽訂,無疑將有助於增進雙方的軍火交易, 同時由於俄國政府採取親美以削弱親中勢力的政策,2002年簽訂俄美削減攻擊性戰略武器條約 (Strategic. Offensive Reductions Treaty, STORT) ,並建立了美俄戰略夥伴關係,俄國此舉乃是為了要擺脫中國之戰略羈絆。\n\n4.克里姆林宮政治 (Kremlin politics) 影響了俄國軍售中國訂單的俄國決策階層的決策:\n\n俄羅斯聖彼得堡幫及葉里欽幫互相競逐俄羅斯軍售中國政策形成之主導權,雙方為了要削弱對方的勢力,普欽時期的軍企寡頭 (Arms sale oligarchy) 嚴重影響了軍售中國訂單的決策,安全體系官僚 (National Security bloc) 與經濟體系官僚 (Economic Advice bloc) 兩個派系與軍企寡頭在軍售弊案中的政商關係及利益交換影響了俄羅斯對中國軍售政策之形成,普欽整肅葉里欽遺留下來的軍企寡頭勢力,建立以國家安全團隊為主幹的軍售中國的決策執政團隊,以鞏固其政權基礎,普欽上任後有計劃得為了擴大鞏固權勢而整頓國防體制與整肅寡頭,因此將自己的親信安插在俄國武器出口公司 (Рособоронэкспортом; Rosoboronexport) 與國防部 (Министерство обороны, РФ; Ministerstvo oborony, RF) 內且加強國防部在對外軍售與武器輸出管制上的權力,在普欽於西元2000年當選俄國總統後,克里姆林宮政治勢力與新興的財團勢力相結合,成為主導莫斯科決策動向的新寡頭,普欽作為一個成功的權力平衡者,必須隨時掌握派系政治的動向,以合縱連橫的政治藝術,來鞏固其政權,普欽上任後有計劃得為了擴大鞏固權勢而整頓國防體制與整肅寡頭,因此將自己的親信安插在俄國武器出口公司與國防部內且加強國防部在對外軍售與武器輸出管制上的權力:普欽的親信人馬正在積極搶奪葉里欽派系人馬所控制的政經資源,雙方鬥爭激烈,與中國的驅逐艦合約也變成了這場鬥爭中的一個籌碼。 \n普欽在2000年高票當選俄國總統,普欽高票當選,地位鞏固;普欽手腕靈活,讓國家杜馬 (Gosudarstvennaya Duma;Государственная Дума) 形成親政府的穩定多數派,並使其人馬進駐國家安全強力部門;從而普欽可以順利推動對外政策方針與對中國軍售決策,兩家造船廠後面的財閥集團和官方幫助兩家造船廠積極對承辦軍售案的相關人員進行關說活動,俄羅斯對中國軍售政策之形成與執行過程,則往往產生派系之間爭奪資源交換利益之重大弊端。\n俄國出售先進武器給中國似是違反俄國國家安全,但是普欽的主要目的是藉此取得國內軍火利益團體的政治支持,因為軍火業可製造較多的就業機會,有助於強化俄國的經濟以及軍事現代化, 對外軍售對於普欽 (Путин Владимир Владимирович; Vladimir Putin) 而言,也是振興經濟的選項之一,出售軍火具有經濟以及政治上的利益,在經濟上可以藉由出售軍火快速獲得大量的外匯,以此便可以暫時舒緩經濟上的困境,而在政治上,普欽以軍售挽救俄羅斯軍火工業將可以贏得軍火工廠員工的支持,而支持也將會在選舉中化為選票,同樣的,提振了經濟也有助於普欽及團結黨 (Unity) 在大選時的支持度,但是出售軍火給予中國首先必須面對軍方的強烈反彈,為此,普欽進行一連串的軍事改革及經改與軍企改革,進而普欽可以用軍售中國賺取外匯挹注經濟發展,才有可能達成軍事現代化的目標,來爭取以此訴求爭取軍方支持,普欽藉俄羅斯對中國軍售政策以鞏固政權 (Consolidating Power) 。\n<br>(四) 俄羅斯對中國軍售政策之執行結果,勢將影響亞太地區之區域安全;從而,勢將影響台海安全之均衡情勢:\n\n由於俄國決定軍售給中國高科技武器的決策,並且在普欽政府的控制下,包括該訂單在內的所有高科技武器將引起亞太各國的不安與影響台海安全,從而使兩岸關係進入軍備競賽且使俄國得以藉由軍售中國制衡美中關係,從而牽制中美兩國。我國的因應必須是加強我國在國防軍購上加強對美國及他國的武器購買,同時要求各國對俄國大量軍售中國一事的重視。zh_TW
dc.description.abstractThe main first purpose of this study is to explore, through National Security Approach ,International Strategic Approach and decision-making Approach explore Russian arms sales scandal. The main level of The thesis is to explore and study scandal on sino-Russia arms sales by International politics system level of analysis, National system level of analysis and Decision-making level of analysis.The method of The thesis is to explore and study scandal on sino-Russia arms sales with a case study which Northern shipyard and Baltiisky Zavod shipyard struggle for order of tender for arms sales Sovremenny Class destroyers--Project 956 toward P.R.C in 2002 and the main second purpose of this study is to explore pro-China clan and pro-USA clan of Russia struggle for leading right of formation of decision-making in Russian arms sales policy toward P.R.C. and explore formation of decision-making in Russian arms sales policy toward P.R.C.. the main third purpose of this study is to explore inner-extra cause and Context of Vladimir Putin’s arms sales policy toward P.R.C. and explore what role and funcation of Russian arms sales policy toward P.R.C. is in Consolidating Power process of Russia president Vladimir Putin. the main fourth purpose of this study is to explore the impact on Taiwan Strait security by Russia–Chain’s military exchange.\nIt is hypothesized in this study that Russian arms sales policy toward P.R.C. is a part of Consolidating Power process of Russia president Vladimir Putin, pro-China clan and pro-USA clan of Russia struggle for leading right and resource of process of decision-making of politics and economy and each public policy,in the case study that Northern shipyard and Baltiisky Zavod shipyard struggle for order of tender for arms sales Sovremenny Class destroyers--Project 956 toward P.R.C in 2002, That Baltiisky Zavod shipyard final get the tender is leading right of formation of decision-making in Russian arms sales policy toward P.R.C. transfer to pro-USA clan (National Security bloc/ Putin Bloc/ St. Petersburg Bloc) from pro-China clan (Economic Advice bloc/ Yeltin bloc/ Moscow bloc: Kasyanov and Voloshin Bloc),therefore, Considerations on formation of decision-making of Russian arms sales policy toward P.R.C. is including of politics, economy and strategic and relations between business, oligarchy and politican in process of decision-making of Russian arms sales policy toward P.R.C. is the key-point, formation of decision-making and process of activity of Russian arms sales policy toward P.R.C. gives rise to abuses which struggle for money and political power and economy interests and exchange and collective self-interest, the final ending of the decision- activity of Russian arms sales policy toward P.R.C. ought to effects regional security in Asia Pacific area and effects Cross- Straits Security ,therefore , cause of formation of decision-making of Russian arms sales policy toward P.R.C. is that interaction of clans of Kremlin politics in the internal and external factors under Vladimir Putin.\nThis hypothesis can be further developed into the following logically consequential sub-propositions:\n1. Formation of decision-making and process of activity of Russian arms sales policy toward P.R.C. gives rise to abuses which struggle for money and political power and economy interests and exchange and collective self-interest,in decision-making of tender in Russian arms sales policy toward P.R.C., Baltiisky Zavod shipyard final get the tender is leading right of formation of decision-making in Russian arms sales policy toward P.R.C. transfer to pro-USA clan (National Security bloc/ Putin Bloc/ St. Petersburg Bloc) from pro-China clan (Economic Advice bloc/ Yeltin bloc/ Moscow bloc: Kasyanov and Voloshin Bloc).\n\n\n2. Clans of arms sales scandal and relations between business, oligarchy and politican of two Shipbuilding plant is the key-point of formation of decision-making of Russian arms sales policy toward P.R.C..\n\n3. Considerations on formation of decision-making of decision-making level of Russian arms sales policy toward P.R.C. is including of politics, economy and strategic, During 2000-2004, Russian arms sales policy toward P.R.C. has been driven by Russia’s internal and external factors, such as the interaction of strategic triangle politics; Kremlin politics and economic development and Russian arms sales policy toward P.R.C. is a part of Consolidating Power process of Russia president Vladimir Putin.\n\n4. the final ending of the decision- activity of Russian arms sales policy toward P.R.C. ought to effects regional security in Asia Pacific area and effects Cross- Straits Security.en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents謝辭……………………………………………………………………………………2\n中文摘要………………………………………………………………………………3\n英文摘要………………………………………………………………………………4\n目錄……………………………………………………………………………………12\n表目錄…………………………………………………………………………………15\n第一章 緒論\n第一節 研究目的與研究動機…………………………………………………17\n第二節 假設命題與研究架構…………………………………………………26\n第三節 文獻述評與研究方法…………………………………………………29\n\n第二章 北方造船廠與波羅的海造船廠爭食訂單之經緯\n第一節 葉里欽時期俄羅斯軍售中國政策:1992─99………………………53\n第二節 普欽時期俄羅斯軍售中國政策:2000─06…………………………61\n第三節 北方造船廠與波羅的海造船廠爭食訂單之緣起……………………77\n第四節 北方造船廠之政商關係……………………………………………… 81\n第五節 波羅的海造船廠之政商關係……………………………………… 107\n第六節 北方造船廠與波羅的海造船廠競標訂單過程………………………136\n第七節 北方造船廠方案與波羅的海造船廠方案遊說與競標過程分析………………………………………………………………………………149\n第一項 北方造船廠的遊說與競標過程分析……………………………149\n第二項 波羅的海造船廠的遊說與競標過程分析………………………151\n第八節 軍售中國訂單的決策過程……………………………………………159\n第一項 北方造船廠的主張與策略………………………………………159\n第二項 波羅的海造船廠的主張與策略…………………………………165\n第三項 軍售中國訂單決策階層的主張與策略…………………………175\n第九節 小結……………………………………………………………………196\n第三章 軍售弊案中的派系\n第一節 沃洛申集團的形成與成員……………………………………………206\n 第一項 沃洛申集團的形成…………………………………………………207\n第二項 沃洛申集團在俄國政治界的成員…………………………………211\n 第三項 沃洛申與金融寡頭之間的關係……………………………………213\n第二節 沃洛申集團的政商關係……………………………………………… 214\n第一項 卡西亞諾夫的內閣兩個派系間的爭論與衝突…………………215\n第二項 總統辦公廳內部的鬥爭…………………………………………223\n第三項 沃洛申集團與北方造船廠………………………………………228\n\n第三節 聖彼得堡幫的形成與成員…………………………………………… 241\n第一項 聖彼得堡幫的形成………………………………………………242\n第二項 聖彼得堡幫的成員………………………………………………244\n第四節 聖彼得堡幫的政商關係 ………………………………………………246\n第一項 聖彼得堡幫與謝爾蓋‧普加契夫………………………………246\n第二項 媒體的派系傾向…………………………………………………248\n第三項 聖彼得堡幫與波羅的海造船廠…………………………………252\n第四項 俄國武器出口部門與聖彼得堡幫………………………………256\n第五節 軍售弊案中的派系與上下議院……………………………………… 263\n 第一項 2002年俄國聯邦會議代表中的軍企勢力……………………… 263\n第二項 俄羅斯國家杜馬中的軍企勢力 …………………………………268\n\n第四章 軍售中國訂單的決策因素\n 第一節 國家安全因素………………………………………………………… 282\n第二節 國際戰略因素………………………………………………………… 296\n第三節 經濟發展因素…………………………………………………………312\n第四節 派系政治因素…………………………………………………………336\n第一項 普欽時期的軍企寡頭獨占情況…………………………………336\n第二項 安全體系官僚對付經濟體系官僚………………………………349\n第三項 派系在軍售弊案中的利益交換…………………………………371\n第四項 派系在軍售弊案中的政商關係…………………………………380\n\n第五章 普欽時期俄羅斯軍售政策與策略對台灣的戰略意涵\n 第一節 軍售中國訂單的最後決策對台灣的戰略意涵……………………405\n第二節 我國因應之道………………………………………………………415\n\n第六章 結論…………………………………………………………………………422\n\n參考書目……………………………………………………………………………468\n\n附錄一 專有名詞英俄中對照表----俄國政治人物篇……………………………494\n附錄二 專有名詞英中對照表----非人物篇………………………………………496\n附錄三 專有名詞英中對照表----軍事及外交戰略與武器篇……………………499\n附錄四 俄羅斯各大軍區 …………………………………………………………503\n附錄五 中華人民共和國和俄羅斯聯邦北京宣言 ………………………………505\n附錄六 中俄睦鄰友好合作條約……………………………………………………508\n附錄七 俄羅斯聯邦軍事學說………………………………………………………511\n附錄八1996年中俄聯合聲明………………………………………………………513\n附錄九 中俄兩國元首莫斯科聯合聲明……………………………………………517\n\n\n\n\n表 目 錄\n表1-1 克里姆林宮學的外國學者…………………………………………………35\n表1-2 研究俄國軍售中國的觀點綜覽……………………………………………49\n表1-3 研究俄國軍售中國的因素面向的觀點簡覽………………………………51\n表2-1 普欽時期俄國政治人物對軍售中國的看法………………………………71\n表2-2 普欽政府軍售中國政策的演變簡表………………………………………72\n表2-3 普欽時期俄中高層在軍售及軍事方面的會談簡表………………………75\n表2-4 國際羅斯集團的旗下企業…………………………………………………81\n表2-5 新專業與概念公司的股東所占有的股份表………………………………82\n表2-6 2001年底以後新專業與概念公司的股東所占有的股份表………………83\n表2-7 新專業與概念公司的旗下企業 …………………………………………83\n表2-8 北方造船廠的政商關係表…………………………………………………84\n表2-9 波塔寧的事業版圖…………………………………………………………94\n表2-10波塔寧旗下企業的網站 ……………………………………………………95\n表2-11俄羅斯企業家和工業家協會的內部成員 ………………………………105\n表2-12伊斯特集團及其旗下的企業簡介 ………………………………………110\n表2-13伊斯特集團在俄政界與俄商界人物之間的關係 ………………………110\n表2-14聖彼得堡幫派系與波廠的政商關係表……………………………………129\n表2-15北方造船廠與波羅的海造船廠爭食訂單之時間表 ……………………155\n表2-16俄國各派系及兩廠的遊說與策略 ………………………………………185\n表3-1沃洛申集團派系成員表……………………………………………………232\n表3-2聖彼得堡幫派系成員表……………………………………………………273\n表4-1普欽政府軍售中國政策的內容及其決策考量簡表 ………………………326\n表4-2 波塔寧的事業表……………………………………………………………344\n表4-3 俄國的眾軍企寡頭…………………………………………………………348\n表4-4 俄國政治派系對中軍售的觀點……………………………………………369\n表4-5沃洛申集團派系在軍售弊案中的政商關係表……………………………381\n表4-6聖彼得堡幫派系成員在軍售弊案中的政商關係表……………………………………………………………………………………396\n表5-1俄中軍事擴大合作對我因應之道 …………………………………………420zh_TW
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dc.source.urihttp://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0902630122en_US
dc.subject普欽zh_TW
dc.subject葉里欽zh_TW
dc.subject俄羅斯zh_TW
dc.subject中國zh_TW
dc.subject軍售政策zh_TW
dc.subject軍售zh_TW
dc.subject俄國軍售中國zh_TW
dc.subject聖彼得堡幫zh_TW
dc.subject政策zh_TW
dc.subject醜聞zh_TW
dc.subject台灣zh_TW
dc.subject經濟zh_TW
dc.subject國家安全zh_TW
dc.subject國際戰略zh_TW
dc.subject克里姆林宮政治zh_TW
dc.subject美國zh_TW
dc.subjectV.Putinen_US
dc.subjectB.Yeltinen_US
dc.subjectRussianen_US
dc.subjectChinaen_US
dc.subjectarms sales policyen_US
dc.subjectarms salesen_US
dc.subjectRussian arms sales toward Chinaen_US
dc.subjectSt, Petersburg Blocen_US
dc.subjectpolicyen_US
dc.subjectscandalen_US
dc.subjectTaiwanen_US
dc.subjecteconomyen_US
dc.subjectNational Securityen_US
dc.subjectInternational Strategicen_US
dc.subjectKremlin politicsen_US
dc.subjectUnited statesen_US
dc.title俄中軍火貿易醜聞之研究—以北方造船廠與波羅的海造船廠的競標為例zh_TW
dc.titleA study on the Scandal of Russia`s Arms Sales to China-A case study on the competition over tenders between Northern shipyard and Baltiyskiy Zavod shipyarden_US
dc.typethesisen
dc.relation.reference壹、 中文部分zh_TW
dc.relation.reference一、 書籍zh_TW
dc.relation.reference友誼 編,《葉利欽時代的俄羅斯-軍事卷》zh_TW
dc.relation.reference王定士,俄羅斯對中國政策之內外在動因及其侷限1992-2002 (桃園:明耀圖書,2002) 。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference王玉民,社會科學研究方法原理 (台北:洪葉文化,1994)。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference李明正,美國、俄羅斯、歐洲地區、中共與以色列之軍事工業發展趨勢探討 (臺北:時英,2001)。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference肖繼英,俄羅斯海上力量:重整旗鼓 (北京:海洋出版社,1999)。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference邢廣程、潘德禮、李雅君編著,俄羅斯議會 (北京:華夏出版社,2002)。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference余炳輝,社會研究的方法 (杭州:浙江人民出版社,1987)zh_TW
dc.relation.reference林宗達,赤龍爭霸-中共跨世紀的軍事戰略與武力建構 (台北:軍事迷文化,2002)。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference林宗達,赤龍之爪(台北,黎明文化,2002)。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference周志淳,再看普京 (北京:世界知識出版社,2005)。zh_TW
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dc.relation.reference閻學通,中國崛起---國際環境評估 (天津:天津人民出版社, 1998)。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference賴銘傳主編,2000-2001 年國際戰略形勢分析 (北京:國防大學,2001)。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference羅伊‧麥德維杰夫,普京---克林姆林宮四年時光 (北京:社會科學文獻出版社)。zh_TW
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dc.relation.reference二、 中文期刊zh_TW
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dc.relation.reference三、 中文碩博士論文zh_TW
dc.relation.reference王俊傑,「普丁時代俄羅斯對中共政策之研究」,碩士論文,國立政治大學俄羅斯研究所碩士論文,2002年。zh_TW
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dc.relation.reference李祥裕,「俄羅斯對亞太地區軍售政策(1992~2002)」,碩士論文,國立政治大學俄羅斯研究所碩士論文,2004年。zh_TW
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dc.relation.reference姚祖德,「中共獲得俄羅斯高科技武器裝備研究(1991-2001)」,碩士論文,私立淡江大學國際事務與戰略碩士在職專班,2002年。zh_TW
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dc.relation.reference四、 中文網路資料zh_TW
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dc.relation.reference二、 英文期刊zh_TW
dc.relation.referenceBlank, Stephen J.. ”Russo-Chinese Military Relation and Asian Security. ”Issues and Studies 33, 11 (November 1997): 58-94.zh_TW
dc.relation.referenceBedi, Rahul “India to Lease Russian AEW&C Aircraft and Buy Tu-22 Bombers.” JDW (17 November 1999): 5.zh_TW
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dc.relation.referenceJanet Buttolph, Johnson and Joslyn, A. Conducting a Literature Review. in Political Science Research Methods. Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly, 1991.zh_TW
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dc.relation.referenceKayahara, Ikuo. ”China as a Military Power in the Twenty-first century. ”Japen Review of International Affairs 12, 1 (Spring 1998): 49-68.zh_TW
dc.relation.referenceLevine, Steven I..”Second Chance in China : Sino-Soviet Relation in the 1990s.”The Annals of theAmerican Academy of Political and Social Science 519 (January 1992): 26-38.zh_TW
dc.relation.referenceMenon, Rajan.“ Russia and the Emerging Security Environment in Northeast Asia.” Security Dialogue 29, 1(1998): 82-83.zh_TW
dc.relation.referenceMitsuo, Mii. ”Russian-Chinese relations and arms exports.” Proceedings of the Conference on Russia and Asia-Pacific Security,.123-127.zh_TW
dc.relation.referenceMartov, A.”Russia’s Asian sales onslaught.”International Defense Review. (May 1994): 49-54.zh_TW
dc.relation.referenceNovichkov, Nikolai. ”Russian Agency Heralds Arms Export Shake-Up.”Jane’sDefence Weekly(JDW) (3 January 2001): 18.zh_TW
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dc.relation.referenceTai Ming, Cheung. ”China’s Buying Spree.” Far Eastern Economic Review. (8 Jul. 1993): 24-25.zh_TW
dc.relation.referenceZarzecki, Thomas W “Arming China or Arming India: Future Russian Dilemmas.” Comparatives Strategy 18, 3 (July/Sep. 1999): 270.zh_TW
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dc.relation.reference(June 13, 1994): 24.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference\"Taiwan Crisis and Russian-Chinese Ties,\" Current Digest of the Post-Soviet Press, XLVIII, 11 (April 10, 1996): 11.zh_TW
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dc.relation.referenceAleksandr Klenov, \"Objective: Two Destroyers,\" Profil, 14 January 2002; inzh_TW
dc.relation.reference\"Klebanov Opens up Severnaya Verf Contract to Build Destroyers for China to Bidding by Competing Shipyards,\" FBIS Document CEP20020114000323. {Entered 1/22/2002 EF}Interfax, 19 January 2002; in \"Russia to Build Two Destroyers for China,\" FBIS Document CEP20020119000034.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference“Russia and China: Can a Bear Love a Dragon?.” The Economist 8014 (London: April, 26,1997): 19-23.zh_TW
dc.relation.referenceQuoting an article by Andrei Kortunov and Andrei Shumikhin in Comparative Strategy, XV:2, April 1996, Blank, 1997, p.8zh_TW
dc.relation.reference三、 英文網路資料zh_TW
dc.relation.referenceMakiyenko, Konstantin” The Russian-Chinese Arms Trade: an Attempt at Qualitative Analysis”(http://mdb.cast.ru/mdb/2-2004/at/rcat/zh_TW
dc.relation.reference\"Military-Technical Cooperation of the Russian Federation With Foreign States\"(19 July 1998), The Kremlin, Moscow, http://projects.sipri.se/expcon/natexpcon/Russia/114law.htmzh_TW
dc.relation.referenceBlank, Stephen J. ”Why Russian Policy is falling in ASIA”(April 2, 1997), Strategic Studies Institute, U.S. Army War College, http://carlisle-www.army.mil/usassi/zh_TW
dc.relation.referenceFelgengauer, Pavel “Russia Too Busy Arming China to Care about Consequences,” St. Petersburg Times, 14–20 July 1997, Johnson’s Russia List, 17 July 1997zh_TW
dc.relation.referenceBlank, Stephen J.” Military Capabilities of the People`s Republic of China”(19 July 2000), Federation ofzh_TW
dc.relation.referenceAmericanScientists,http://www.fas.org/spp/starwars/congress/2000_h/00-07-19blank.html.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference“Russia: Newspaper gives line-up and media leanings in Kremlin split”(29 Nov 01), johnson`s russia list, http://www.cdi.org/russia/johnson/5576-8.cfmzh_TW
dc.relation.referenceStartseva, Alla and Belton, Catherine ” Oligarchs Bow to Putin"s New Deal”(19 November 2003),The Moscow Times, http://www.gateway2russia.com/st/art_169025.php.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference“Security Council announces cuts in military, Ivanov losses his military rank”,center of Russia study,Nov 9,2000,http://www.nupi.no/cgi-win/Russland/krono.exe?4992.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference“PM dissolves Council for Entrepreneurship”(08 April 2004),GatewaytoRussia,http://www.gateway2russia.com/st/art_227522.phpzh_TW
dc.relation.referenceHahn, Gordon “Putin`s Stealth Authoritarianism”(21 April 2004),Regional analysis, http://www.regionalanalysis.org/publications/regionalvoices/en/2004/04/616B350A-D9CD-49F5-9416-ECAD7F5F1EAE.ASPzh_TW
dc.relation.reference“Volskiy re-elected as chairman of the Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs RPPS”,center of Russia studies,Oct 6 2000,http://www.nupi.no/cgi-win/Russland/krono.exe?5195.zh_TW
dc.relation.referenceCavan, Susan J. ” Yumashev takes over as Chief of Staff”, http://www.bu.edu/iscip/digest/vol2/ed5.html.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference“The administration of the president”,Versiya,May 12,2001zh_TW
dc.relation.referencehttp://www.russiamonitor.org/en/main.asp?menu_id=1_a_1176_1.zh_TW
dc.relation.referenceDikun, Elena” The President rejects Kasyanov’s list of potential vice premiers”(Jun 30, 2001), The Jamestown Foundation, http://www.jamestown.org/publications_details.php?volume_id=8&issue_id=446&article_id=3822.zh_TW
dc.relation.referenceDikun, Elena” The Kremlin reshapes the government”(Jan 30, 2001), The Jamestown Foundation, http://www.jamestown.org/publications_details.php?volume_id=8&issue_id=441&article_id=3788zh_TW
dc.relation.referenceSchwartzman, Luba ”Russian Federation executive branch oligarch policy under review?”(http://www.bu.edu/iscip/digest/vol7/ed0710.htmlzh_TW
dc.relation.reference“Media focus on a behind the scenes Kremlin power struggle”(Nov 29, 2001), The Jamestown Foundation, http://www.jamestown.org/publications_details.php?volume_id=24&issue_id=2148&article_id=18944zh_TW
dc.relation.reference“Unification in the Russian shipbuilding got new proponents”(April 26 2004), ShipBuilding.ru, http://shipbuilding.ru/eng/news/2004/04/26/shipbuilding/.zh_TW
dc.relation.referenceKolesnichenko, Alexander and Pivovarova, Ludmila and Tseplyaev, Vitaly ”Tycoons flattened Relations between the government and business have become more civilized”,Johnson’s Russia List,February 6, 2002,http://www.cdi.org/russia/johnson/6060.txt.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference“Volskiy re-elected as chairman of the Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs RPPS”(Oct 6 2000),center of Russiazh_TW
dc.relation.referencestudies,http://www.nupi.no/cgi-win/Russland/krono.exe?5195.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference“The oligarchs chose the arbiters, 10 RUIE bureau members among them”(June,12,2002),Corporate Governance in Russia,http://www.corp-gov.org/news/arch.php3?news_id=577.zh_TW
dc.relation.referenceHahn, Gordon “Putin`s Stealth Authoritarianism”(21 April 2004),Regional Alanalysis, http://www.regionalanalysis.org/publications/regionalvoices/en/2004/04/616B350A-D9CD-49F5-9416-ECAD7F5F1EAE.ASPzh_TW
dc.relation.referenceBelton, Catherine ” A Call to Arms Russia is pushing to rebuild its neglected defense industry”,businessweek,http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/01_49/b3760127.htm.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference“S.Pugachev to represent Tuva in the Federation Council; Nikolayev and Burnashov – Sakha”(25.01.2002),NUPI, http://www.nupi.no/cgi-win/Russland/krono.exe?4957zh_TW
dc.relation.reference“Putin`s Stealth Authoritarianism”(Apr 2004),Regional Alanalysis, http://www.regionalanalysis.org/publications/regionalvoices/en/2004/04/616B350A-D9CD-49F5-9416-ECAD7F5F1EAE.ASP.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference“Russia – 2002 Country Report on Human Rights Practices.” Produced by the United States Department of State. Available URL: http://www.state.gov/documents/organization/19612.doczh_TW
dc.relation.referencePukhov, Ruslan”Media Wars in Russia`s MTC and Defense Industry”(October 2002.), http://mdb.cast.ru/mdb/4-2002/at/mwrmdi/zh_TW
dc.relation.reference“New Deputy Defence Minister appointed”,14.11.2000,http://www.nupi.no/cgi-win/Russland/krono.exe?5008zh_TW
dc.relation.referenceMikhailov, Sergei” politlcal forecast for 2002: what has happened,what is to happen Tough times ahead for Russia in the new year”(January 9, 2002),Argumenty I Fakty, http://www.cdi.org/russia/johnson/6012-8.cfm.zh_TW
dc.relation.referenceMontefiore, Simon Sebag March 14, 2004, http://www.supportmbk.com/support/comments_journalist.cfmzh_TW
dc.relation.reference“Russia: Commissions, Committees, and Agencies”(27 July 2004), Center for Nonproliferation Studies, http://www.nti.org/db/nisprofs/russia/govt/execcomm.htm#Shipbldzh_TW
dc.relation.referenceTemkin, Anatoliy and Nikol`skiy, Aleksey ” \"northern shipyard\" remained outboard:Chinese destroyers will build at the Baltic plant”(21 January 2002), lists, http://www.npc-m.ru/press/55zh_TW
dc.relation.reference“The oligarchs chose the arbiters, 10 RUIE bureau members among them”(June,12,2002),Corporate Governance in Russia,http://www.corp-gov.org/news/arch.php3?news_id=577.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference“Sergei Pugachev: From ‘family’ man to ‘orthodox banker’ (Part 1)”,April 15,2002,http://www.rferl.org/businesswatch/2002/04/15-160402.asp.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference“Hot political Summer before a hot autumn: an early start to election campaigning”,POLITRUK,26 Jun 2002,http://felist.com/archive/media.politics/200206/26101453.html.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference“The Riddles of Voloshin”,Argumenty i Fakty,October 15, 2003,http://www.usrbc.org/Members-Only/reports/2003%20Duma/election%20news8.htm#zh_TW
dc.relation.reference“Russia: Newspaper gives line-up and media leanings in Kremlin split”(29 Nov 01), johnson`s russia list, http://www.cdi.org/russia/johnson/5576-8.cfmzh_TW
dc.relation.reference“PM dissolves Council for Entrepreneurship”(08 April 2004),GatewaytoRussia,http://www.gateway2russia.com/st/art_227522.phpzh_TW
dc.relation.referenceSchwartzman, Luba ”Russian Federation executive branch oligarch policy under review?”(http://www.bu.edu/iscip/digest/vol7/ed0710.html.zh_TW
dc.relation.referenceBelton, Catherine ” A Call to Arms Russia is pushing to rebuild its neglected defense industry”, http://www.cdi.org/russia/johnson/5569-10.cfm.zh_TW
dc.relation.referenceBorisova, Yevgeniya ”two St. Petersburg shipyards to merge”(18 June 2002), Center for Nonproliferation Studies at the Monterey Institute of International Studies, http://www.nti.org/db/nisprofs/russia/naval/technol/resdespr/baltic.htmzh_TW
dc.relation.reference“Former Vice Prime Minister saved his ships from Pugachev”(23.09.2003), shipbuilding.ru ,http://shipbuilding.ru/eng/news/2003/09/23/pugachev/zh_TW
dc.relation.referencePukhov, Ruslan ” Media Wars in Russia`s MTC and Defense Industry”(October 2002),the Russian office of the Center for Defense Information (CDI), http://mdb.cast.ru/mdb/4-2002/at/mwrmdi/zh_TW
dc.relation.referenceTemkin, Anatoly ”EAST will profit from destroyers which severnaya verf will build for China”(March 20,2002),vedomosti,p.B1.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference“St. Petersburg`s OJSC \"Polymetall\" invested $50 million in building of Processing plant on the largest gold deposits in Sverdlovsk Region”(AUGUST, 28 2001),Russian Jewellery Network, http://www.jewellernet.com/info/news/archiv/0801/280801_1.html.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference“Baltic shipyard to build two destroyers for China“(Jan 19,2002) , NTI by the Center for Nonproliferationzh_TW
dc.relation.referenceStudies ,http://www.nti.org/db/nisprofs/russia/naval/technol/resdespr/baltic.htmzh_TW
dc.relation.reference“Baltic Factory To Build Two Destroyers For China”,pravda,Jan 21,2002,http://english.pravda.ru/economics/2002/01/21/25873.htmlzh_TW
dc.relation.reference“New Deputy Defence Minister appointed”,14.11.2000,http://www.nupi.no/cgi-win/Russland/krono.exe?5008zh_TW
dc.relation.referenceMontefiore, Simon Sebag March 14, 2004, http://www.supportmbk.com/support/comments_journalist.cfmzh_TW
dc.relation.reference“Putin restructures Russian arms trade, forms new commision headed by himself”(Nov 4,2000),center of Russia study,http://www.nupi.no/cgi-win/Russland/krono.exe?4981zh_TW
dc.relation.reference“New Deputy Defence Minister appointed”,14.11.2000,NUPI,http://www.nupi.no/cgi-win/Russland/krono.exe?5008zh_TW
dc.relation.reference“Russia conventional arms transfers and policies”(Jul 10,2002), Institute for Defense Disarmament Studies, http://www.idds.org/acr2003/707e3CAR02.html.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference“Scandal About Saling China Warship In Russia Press”(24 January,2002) , Voice of America,http://www.voa.gov/chinese/worldfocus/thur/01240205scandalaboutsalingchin.htm.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference“Yeltin Says Russia United on Need for Cooperation with China”,ITAR-TASS(Moscow),18 December 1992, in BBC SWB, FE/1569,21 December 1992,9.A1/7zh_TW
dc.relation.referenceBruce, Major Stephen M. ” The Significance of Russian Weapon Sales to China”,2001, Foreign Area Officer Association, http://www.faoa.orgzh_TW
dc.relation.reference“New Programs and Concepts”(September 19, 2005) , IGNATOV & COMPANY GROUP, http://www.ignatov.biz/acatalog/new_programs_and_concepts.htmlzh_TW
dc.relation.referencePronina, Lyuba、Kenzhetayev, Marat ”Tapping Other Markets”,the Center for Arms Control,http://www.defesanet.com.br/noticia/themoscowtimes/page3.html.zh_TW
dc.relation.referenceMikhailov, Sergei ” political forecast for 2002: what had happened, what is to happen tough times ahead for Russia in the new year”,Johnson’s Russia list,http://www.cdi.org/russia/johnson/6012-8.cfm.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference“PM dissolves Council for Entrepreneurship”,08 April 2004,http://www.gateway2russia.com/st/art_227522.phpzh_TW
dc.relation.referenceRyabov, Andrei , translated by Yevtikhova, Arina ” CHANGEABLE CHANGES A principal change in the Russian political situation”,April 12, 2002,http://www.cdi.org/russia/johnson/6186.htm.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference“Conventional arms restraints data and analysis 2002 Russia conventional armstransfers and policies”,JDW In Brief,July,10 2002,http://www.idds.org/acr2003/707e3CAR02.html.zh_TW
dc.relation.referenceBlank, Stephen J.”why Russian policy is falling in Asia”(April 2, 1997), Strategic Studies Institute, U.S. Army War College, http://carlisle-www.army.mil/usassi/zh_TW
dc.relation.reference“St. Petersburg`s OJSC \"Polymetall\" invested $50 million in building of Processing plant on the largest gold deposits in Sverdlovsk Region”,Aug, 28 , 2001,http://www.jewellernet.com/info/news/archiv/0801/280801_1.html.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference“The Riddles of Voloshin”,Argumenty i Fakty,October 15, 2003,http://www.usrbc.org/Members-Only/reports/2003%20Duma/election%20news8.htm#zh_TW
dc.relation.reference“The administration of the president”,Russiamoniter,May 12,2001,http://www.russiamonitor.org/en/main.asp?menu_id=1_a_1176_1zh_TW
dc.relation.reference四、 英文報紙zh_TW
dc.relation.reference“Detailed account of Russia’s Military Doctrine.”Rossiyskiye Vesti(Moscow), 18 November 1993,pp.1-2, in BBC SWB, SU/1858, 29 November 1993, p.S1/9.zh_TW
dc.relation.referenceKampfner, John “Russia Takes Shot at Arms Market with Big Display at Mideast Show,’ Washington Times, February 11, 1993, p.7.zh_TW
dc.relation.referenceForeign Broadcast Information Service,Daily Report-Central Eurasia(hereafter FBIS-SOV).18 Dec 1992,p2.zh_TW
dc.relation.referenceYudin, Pyotr \"Lobov Will ProtectIndustry From Russian Reform Drive,\" Defense News, July 8-14,1996, pp. 1, 27.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference“Yeltin Says Russia United on Need for Cooperation with China”,ITAR-TASS(Moscow),18 December 1992, in BBC SWB, FE/1569,21 December 1992,9.A1/7zh_TW
dc.relation.reference參、 俄文部份zh_TW
dc.relation.reference一、 俄文報紙zh_TW
dc.relation.referenceInterview with Mikhail Malei(米海勒‧馬列伊;Михаил Малеи), in Rossiiskaia gazeta(俄羅斯報;Российская газета), February 28, 1992, pp.1-2zh_TW
dc.relation.reference“Detailed account of Russia’s Military Doctrine.”Rossiyskiye Vesti(Moscow), 18 November 1993,pp.1-2, in BBC SWB, SU/1858, 29 November 1993, p.S1/9.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference消息報,1996 年4 月26 日,版3。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference”Shokhin:Military Cooperation with PRC purely “Defensive’,”,ITAR-TASS(Moscow), 18 December 1992,in FBIS-SOV-92-244, 18 December 1992, p.9;zh_TW
dc.relation.referenceGrachev China’s Liu Huaqing Meet; Arm Trade increase, NTV, 6 Dec. 1995 in FBIS-SOV 95-235(7 Dec. 1995):p.26.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference二、 俄文期刊zh_TW
dc.relation.referenceMoscow, Rossiyskaya Gazeta, in Russian, May 14, 1996,zh_TW
dc.relation.referenceForeign Broadcast Information Service Central Eurasia (henceforthzh_TW
dc.relation.referenceFBIS-SOV)-96-095, May 15, 1996, pp. 37-38, 52-53.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference“Rossii nuzhen sil’nyy Kitay” [Russia needs a strong China] (Interview withzh_TW
dc.relation.referenceG.Karasin), Rossiya, No.3, March 1997, p.14.zh_TW
dc.relation.referenceG. Krasin, “Russia Needs Strong China,” Rossiya, No.3, March 1997, p.14.zh_TW
dc.relation.referenceG.卡拉辛,“俄國與中國:新的夥伴關係”,《國際事務》(莫斯zh_TW
dc.relation.reference科),1997年(第43卷)第3期,第27頁。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference伊戈爾·伊萬諾夫,“我們的關係不受情感影響”,《俄羅斯聯邦(Rossiiskaia Federatsia)》,第10期(總第155期),2000年7月,第3頁。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference三、俄文網路資料zh_TW
dc.relation.referenceMironova, Natalia ” Goodbye to the Family”(19 Apr 2002),The Russia Journal, http://therussiajournal.com/index.htm?obj=5810zh_TW
dc.relation.reference“ВОЕННО-ПРОМЫШЛЕННЫЙ КОМПЛЕКС: СОСТОЯНИЕ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ”(23 февраля — 1 марта 2002 г.)), МЕЖРЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЙ ФОНД ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙzh_TW
dc.relation.reference,http://www.mfit.ru/defensive/obzor/ob01-03-02-3.htmlzh_TW
dc.relation.referenceВладимир Катин ,“Критическая масса недовольств, характеризовалась одним словом - \"достал!.\"( 25.02.02), зарегистрированный товарный знак ООО \"ВЕРИТ, http://www.compromat.ru/main/klebanov/vypal.htmzh_TW
dc.relation.reference“Russia: Newspaper gives line-up and media leanings in Kremlin split”(29 Nov,2001), Nezavisimaya Gazeta, Moscow,http://www.cdi.org/russia/johnson/5576-8.cfmzh_TW
dc.relation.reference“President and his surrounding”(Nov 29 2001), Russia Monitor,http://www.russiamonitor.org/en/main.asp?menu_id=1_a_1176_1zh_TW
dc.relation.reference“Russia: Newspaper gives line-up and media leanings in Kremlin split”(29 Nov 2001),Nezavisimaya Gazeta, Moscow,http://www.cdi.org/russia/johnson/5576-8.cfmzh_TW
dc.relation.reference“Interros selling some enterprises to the state”(18 aug 2003), Российский институт директоров, http://www.rid.ru/news.php?news_id=5449&l=en.zh_TW
dc.relation.referenceНикольский, Алексей ; Темкин, Анатолий” Эсминец тонет в бумажном море”(16 января 2002), Ведомости, http://www.npc-m.ru/press/53zh_TW
dc.relation.referencePyadushkin, Maxim”Legal Framework for the Russian Arms Exports”,http://mdb.cast.ru/mdb/3-2001/ec/lfrae/zh_TW
dc.relation.reference“Committee on Military-Technical Cooperation with foreign states,R.F. (Комитета РФ по военно-техническому сотрудничеству с иностранными государствами (КВТС))”, Directory of Russian Federation Defense Related Agencies and Personnel,zh_TW
dc.relation.referencehttp://www.fas.org/irp/world/russia/fbis/PresidentofRF.html#MILITARY-TECHNICALCOOPERATION,COMMISSIOzh_TW
dc.relation.referenceGovernment Decree No. 665, O Komissii Pravitelstva Rossiyskoy Federatsii po voyenno-promyshlennym voprosam, 22 June 1999; in The legislation in Russia, http://law.optima.ru.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference“Interstate Financial and Industrial Group \"Defense Systems\"” (January-February 2002), http://www.cast.ru/eng/journal/2002/1-interstate/.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference“Council of Federation”(Jan 23 2002),Russiamoniter,http://www.russiamonitor.org/en/main.asp?menu_id=1_a_1204_1zh_TW
dc.relation.referenceMironov, Natalia ” The Krasnoyarsk front is open”,The Russia Journal,6 May 2002,http://therussiajournal.com/?cat=8&type=3&sid=532113480169653871258679&obj=5851..zh_TW
dc.relation.referenceMavra Kosichkina,” CAMPAIGN PASSIONS ON THE POLITICAL STAGE: THE RUSSIAN VOTER AS SLEEPING BEAUTY”(24 Sep 2003), WPS Media Monitoring Agency, http://www.wps.ru/chitalka/politruk/en/20030924.shtml.zh_TW
dc.relation.referenceTitov, Ekaterina ” The business Chronicle”(February, 7, 2002), “N3 on January, (5/28 On February, 4: Military-industrial scandal”,” http://txt.newsru.com/bc/07feb2002/bc4.htmlzh_TW
dc.relation.reference“Приплыли”(18.03.2002), Ведомости, http://www.lenpravda.ru/reading1.phtml?id=2276.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference“Китайские моряки поставили рекорд”,Коммерсант Ъ,9 января 2002,http://www.npc-m.ru/press/94zh_TW
dc.relation.referenceTemkin, Anatoliy; Nikol`skiy, Aleksey ”northern shipyard\" remained outboard:Chinese destroyers willzh_TW
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