預防再犯團體模式對性罪犯之療效評估與影響

Abstract

本研究目的在瞭解實驗組94人在參與以再犯預防模式為主之團體心理治療五個月後，與控制組91人（未實施治療）在認知扭曲、行為合理化、異性相處、及情緒四個向度的差異；並比較實驗組在治療後，強暴犯與戀童者改變的差異、不同危險程度之性加害人療後差異，及在團體治療前、中、後三階段之氣氛及療效因子變化。結果顯示：實驗組與控制組在情緒向度上有顯著差異；改變主要顯示在攻擊及表達與溝通能力上。分組比較上，與高、低危險組相較，中危險組改變最多。團體氣氛中，成員投入度隨著團體進展而逐漸提高。團體早期至中期，成員覺得家庭重現、自我瞭解及希望灌注最具療效；在晚期，則以外向性人際學習及家庭重現最為重要。

The purpose of this study was to examine whether: (1) after group intervention, there were significant differences between the non-treatment control group and the experiment group of sex offenders in any of the following domains: cognition, emotion, denial, and interpersonal relationships; (2) there were any changes in the group climate or therapeutic factors during the different phases of group intervention. In this study, a five-month group therapy program, mainly focusing on relapse prevention, was held by various therapists for sex offenders in the prison system and in the community treatment programs. The research sample included 94 sex offenders in the experimental group, and 91 sex offenders in the control group. In addition to the demographic data, other data were collected from five measurements, including: Static-99, Attitudes toward Sex, Emotion Evaluation questionnaire, Group climate questionnaire, and Yalom’s therapeutic factors measurement. The data was analyzed by the MANCOVA, ANCOVA and paired t-test. The results indicated: First, there were significant changes in the emotion domain after group intervention for the experimental group. Second, compared with high and low risk groups of sex offenders, the apparent change was primary seen in the middle risk group. Third, the group climate and the therapeutic factors, in particular engagement and conflict, were changed in different phases of group therapy. Moreover, as time passed, group engagement showed a continuous increase. In general, this study provides some support for the present practices in group therapy and also points to possible areas of improvement. With training and support, therapists can become more effective agents of change for the sex offender.