學生出題策略與傳統練習策略對大學生學習成就；認知與後設認知策略使用之影響

Abstract

本研究探討「學生出題」策略與「題目練習」對學生學業成就、認知策略與後設認知策略的影響。研究採取準實驗法，由同一位老師教導的兩班土木工程學系學生（共69位），以不同策略進行六禮拜的課程，之後比較兩班級的學業成就，並比較不同策略學習前、後對認知策略及後設認知策略的影響。研究結果顯示，相較於傳統「題目練習」策略，「學生出題」策略較能引發學生於聽課歷程中運用不同之認知與後設認知策略，但不同策略並未造成學業成就上的差異。根據本研究發現及相關理論根基，建議教師可於課堂中嘗試使用學生出題策略，以輔助學生認知與後設認知策略之發展。

The study examined the comparative effects of student multiple-choice questionposing and question-answering strategies on promoting students’ academic achievement， cognitive and metacognitive strategies use in a lecture-mode instructional setting. In total， 69 civil engineering undergraduates enrolled in two sessions of a required course participated in the study. Statistical analysis found that student multiple-choice questionposing strategy is a more productive strategy for inducing and engaging students in mobilizing cognitive and metacognitive strategies as compared to the traditional questionanswering arrangement. In terms of students’ academic performance， student multiplechoice question-posing is as effective a strategy as question-answering. Based on the present study， it is suggested that instructors who were accustomed to in-class practice sessions might consider a student question-posing approach for an amiable change to promote students’ cognitive and metacognitive strategies use without worrying about its less favorable impact on students’ performance.