畢馬龍情境對士兵工作表現的影響性

Abstract

正值國軍組織再造之際，如何提振部屬士氣與工作效能，凸顯出幹部領導統御之重要性。雖已在國內校園中驗證了教師期望對學生學習成就的影響性，但迄今於軍事領域中的相關研究仍屬罕見。是以，研究者嘗試驗證軍事情境中的畢馬龍效應。本研究含兩個實驗，一採真正實驗設計，另一則是準實驗法，實驗樣本分為實驗組與控制組。實驗一為實驗室實驗，以某軍校110名學生為樣本，必須在10分鐘完成文書整理裝訂工作。實驗二為實地實驗，以147名士兵為實驗樣本，藉由實驗同謀操弄為期一週的正向畢馬龍情境，後以四項軍事訓練測驗了解士兵的工作表現。結果發現，不同類型之畢馬龍情境確實會影響個體的工作表現，且正向畢馬龍情境能顯著提升個體的工作表現。

At the moment that organizational and manpower structure of the Military is transforming, the ways of promoting the whole morale and work effectiveness of subordinates can evince the importance of the leadership. In Taiwan, enough research has found Pygmalion effect existing in the classroom, but it is still questionable in the military. Therefore, the researcher tried to test Pygmalion effect in the military. Two experiments were designed, one was a true experimental design and the other was a quasi-experimental design. All samples’ work performances were tested twice. The first experiment was conducted in a laboratory and 110 cadets were sampled. They must finish a paper work in ten minutes under a positive Pygmalion condition, negative Pygmalion condition or control condition. The second experiment was a field experiment. The researcher sampled conveniently 147 soldiers. They must take four military training tests after a one-week positive Pygmalion training condition or control condition. All results showed that Pygmalion effect did exist and influence individual work performance. In addition, the positive Pygmalion condition could promote individual work performance significantly.