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題名 高中英語衍生詞與複合詞的構詞分析
A morphological analysis of the complex words used in Taiwan senior high school English textbocks
作者 白蒂
BAI, DI
貢獻者 莫建清
MO, CHIEN-CHING
白蒂
BAI, DI
關鍵詞 複合詞
衍生詞
教育
日期 1992
1991
上傳時間 2-May-2016 15:11:21 (UTC+8)
摘要 This thesis carries out a morphological analysis of the complex words listed in the index of Taiwan senior high school English textbooks. According to the analysis of the derived words in the vocabulary list, forty..........seven prefixes and seventy..........seven suffixes are used to form the derived words. These pre..........fixes and suffixes are used to form the derived words. These pre..........fixes and suffixes are introduced in different qroups classified according to the meaning the prefixes and suffixes carry. The morphophonemic rules which are obligatorily applied during the derivational processes of forming those derived words are also introduced and so are derivation patterns. The compounds in the vocabulary list of the six English textbooks fall into two main categorise: traditional compounds and neo..........classical compounds. Traditional compounds are divided into several groups according to their syntactic categories, and they are further divided into subgroups based on their internal structures. In the thesis, the combining forms used to make the classification of ICFs and FCFs.
參考文獻 BIBLIOGRAPHY
     Adams, Valerie. 1973. An Introduction to Modern English Word formation.New
     York: Longman.
     AI-Kufaishi, Adil. 1988. "A Vocabulary-Building Program Is a Necessity Not a Luxury." English Teaching Forum, 26, No.2,42-43.
     Allen, Margaret R. 1978. "Morphological Investigations." Diss.Univ. of Connecticut.
     Allen, Virginia F. 1983. Technigues in Teaching Vocabulary.New York: Oxford Univ. Press.
     Aronoff, Mark. 1976. Word Formation in Generative Grammar.Cambridge: The MIT Press.
     Bauer, Laurie. 1983. English Word-formation. Taipei: Crane.
     Becker, Wesley C., Robert Dixon, and Lynne Anderson-Inman. 1980.Morphographic and Root Word Analysis of 26,000 High Frequency Words. Univ. of Oregon Follow Through Project.
     Bloomfield, Leonard. 1933. Language. Chicago: The Univ. of Chicago Press.
     Bochner, Harry. 1988. "The Forms of Words: A Theory of Lexical Relationships." Diss. Harvard Univ.
     Bolinger, Dwight, and Donald A. Sears. 1985. Aspects of Language, 3rd ed. Taipei: Crane.
     Brown, H. Douglas. 1987. Principles of Lanquage Learninq and Teaching. 2nd ed. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall.
     Burmeister, Lou E. 1975. Words - from Print to Meaning.Philippines: Addison-Wesley.
     Carter, Ronald, and Michael McCarthy. 1988. Vocabulary and Language Teaching. London: Longman.
     Celce-Murcia, Marianne, and Fred Rosensweig. 1979. "Teaching Vocabulary in the ESL Classroom." Teaching English as a Second or Foreign Language. Rowley: Newbury House.
     Chomsky, Noam, and Morris Halle. 1968. The Sound Pattern of English. New York: Harper & Row.
     Clark, Raymond C., and Janie L. Duncan. 1990. Getting a Fix on Vocabularv: Using Words in the News. Brattleboro: Pro Lingua Associates.
     Crystal, David. 1985. A Dictionary of Linguistics and Phonetics, 2nd ed.Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
     Davis, Peter. 1984. Roots: Family Histories of Familiar Words.Taipei: Crane.
     Farid, Anne. 1985. A Vocabulary Workbook: Prefixes, Roots, and Suffixes for ESL Students. Englewood Cliffs: PrenticeHall.
     Gairns, Ruth, and Stuart Redman. 1986. Working with Words: A Guide to Teaching and Learning Vocabulary. Cambridge:Cambridge Univ. Press.
     Glazier, Teresa F. 1985. The Least You Should Know About Vocabulary Building: Word Roots. New York: Holt,Rinehart, and Winston.
     Goulden, Robin, Paul Nation, and John Read. 1990. "How Large Can a Receptive Vocabulary Be?" Applied Linguistics, II,No.4, 341-63.
     Jackson, Howard. 1988. Words and Their Meaning. London:Longman.
     Jensen, John T. 1990. Morphology: Word Structure in Generative Grammar. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
     Judd, Elliott L. 1978. "Vocabulary Teaching and TESOL: A Need for Reevaluation of Existing Assumptions." TESOL Quarterly,12, No. I, 71-75.
     Keen, Dennis. 1985. Developing Vocabulary Skills. Rowley:Nevlbury House.
     Klien, Ernest. 1967. A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the English Language. Amsterdam: Elsevier Scientific Publish Co.
     Koda, Keiko. 1990. "The Use of L1 Reading Strategies in L2 Reading." Studies in Second Language Acguistion, 12, No.4,393-410.
     Krashen, Stephen D., and Tracy D. Terrell. 1988. The Natural Approach: Language Acguisition in the Classroom. New York:Prentic Hall.
     Lederer, Richard H. 1980. "English Word-making." Diss. Univ. of New Hampshire.
     Lewick-Wallace, Mary. 1991. Vocabulary Building and Word Study,International ed.
     Singapore: McGraw-Hill.
     Lieber, Rochelle. 1983. "Argument Linking and Compounds in English." Linguistic Inguiry, 14, No.2, 251-85.
     Littlewood, William. 1984. Foreign and Second Language Learning: Language-acguisition Research and Its Implications for the Classroom. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ.Press.
     MacKay, Ian R. A. 1985. Introducing Practical Phonetics.Taipei: Crane.
     Marchand, Hans. 1969. The Categories and Types of Present-Day English Word-Formation. Munchen: Beck.
     Masterman, Joan Kay. 1980. "Overt and Covert Modern English Morpheme Boundaries Following Greek Prefixes." Diss.Illinois Institute of Technology.
     Matthews, P. H. 1974. MorpholoGY: An Introduction to the Theory of Word-structure. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ.Press.
     McCarthy, M. J. 1984. "A New Look at Vacabulary in EFL."Applied Linguistics, 5, No.1, 12-22.
     Mo, Chien-ching. (Forthcoming) . "On Sound Symbolism."Mohanan, K. P. 1982. Lexical Phonology. Indiana: Indiana University Linguistic Club.
     Morgan, John, and Mario Rinvolucri. 1986. Vocabulary. Oxford Univ. Press.
     Myers, L. M., and Richard L. Hoffman. 1981. The Roots of Modern English. Taipei: Crane.
     Nuttall, Christine. 1982. TeachinG Reading skills in a Foreign Language. London: Heinemann Educational Books.O`Grady, William, and Michael Dobrovolsky, eds. 1988.contemporary Linguistic Analysis: An Introduction. Taipei:Crane.
     orgel, Joseph R. 1983. Building an Enriched Vocabulary. New York: Sadlier-Oxford.
     Partridge, Eric. 1983. Origins. New York: Greenwich House.
     Pearson, P. David, and Dale D. Johnson. 1978. Teaching Reading Comprehension. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston.
     Pierson, Herbert D. 1989. "Using Etymology in the Classroom."ELT Journal, 43, No. 1, 57-63.
     Pyles, Thomas. 1971. The Origins and Development of the English Language, 2nd ed.
     New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston.
     Richards, Jack C. 1985. The context of Language Teaching. New York: Cambridge Univ. Press.
     Richek, Margaret A. 1989. The World of Words. Boston:Houghton Mifflin.
     Robinson, Joan. 1989. Wordwise:Expanding Vocabulary With Roots and Prefixes. Belmont: David S. Lake.
     Rubin, Dorothy. 1986. Gaining Word Power, 2nd ed. New York:Macmillan.
     Scalise, Sergio. 1986. Generative Morphology, 2nd ed. Holland:Foris.
     Schane, Sanford A. 1973. Generative Phonology. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall.
     Schmidt, Richard W. 1990. “The Role of Consciousness in Second Language Learning. “Applied Linguistics, 11, No.2, 129-52.
     Sloat, Clarence, and Sharon Taylor. 1985. The Structure of English Words, 3rd ed. Kendall/Hunt.
     Spencer, Andrew. 1988. “Bracketing Paradoxes and the English Lexicon. “ Language, 64, No.4, 663-82.
     Su, Shun-fa. 1991. “An Evaluation of Senior-High-School English Curriculum in the Republic of China on the Basis of Curriculum Foundations. “MA Thesis. National Chengchi Univ.
     Taylor, David. 1991. “Compound Word Stress . ." ELT Journal, 45,No.1, 67-73.
     Vallins, G. H. 1965. Spelling, rev. ed. Tonbridge Kent:Tonbridge.
     Wei, Shu-lun. 1988. “The Relationship Between Guessing the Meaning of the Unknown Word and Reading Comprehension. “English Teaching and Learning. 13, No.1, 12-22.
     Wheelock, Frederic M. 1963. Latin: An Introductory Course Based on Ancient Authors, 3re ed. New York: Barnes & Noble Books.
     Wolff, Susanne. 1984. “Lexical Entries and Word Formation."Diss. New York Univ.
     Wolfram, Walt, and Robert Johnson. 1982. Phonological Analysis:Focus on American English. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall.
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
英國語文學系
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#B2002004581
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 莫建清zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor MO, CHIEN-CHINGen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 白蒂zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) BAI, DIen_US
dc.creator (作者) 白蒂zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) BAI, DIen_US
dc.date (日期) 1992en_US
dc.date (日期) 1991en_US
dc.date.accessioned 2-May-2016 15:11:21 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 2-May-2016 15:11:21 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 2-May-2016 15:11:21 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) B2002004581en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/89093-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 英國語文學系zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) This thesis carries out a morphological analysis of the complex words listed in the index of Taiwan senior high school English textbooks. According to the analysis of the derived words in the vocabulary list, forty..........seven prefixes and seventy..........seven suffixes are used to form the derived words. These pre..........fixes and suffixes are used to form the derived words. These pre..........fixes and suffixes are introduced in different qroups classified according to the meaning the prefixes and suffixes carry. The morphophonemic rules which are obligatorily applied during the derivational processes of forming those derived words are also introduced and so are derivation patterns. The compounds in the vocabulary list of the six English textbooks fall into two main categorise: traditional compounds and neo..........classical compounds. Traditional compounds are divided into several groups according to their syntactic categories, and they are further divided into subgroups based on their internal structures. In the thesis, the combining forms used to make the classification of ICFs and FCFs.en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents CHAPTER I
     1.1 The Need..........1
     1.2 The Motive..........6
     1.3 Methodology..........8
     1.4 Working Outline..........9
     NOTES..........10
     CHAPTER II AFFIXES, ROOTS AND DERIVATION
     2.0 Introduction..........11
     2.1 Prefixes..........13
     2.1.1 Prefixes of Negation..........14
     2.1.1.1 Prefixes meaning "not`..........14
     2.1.1.2 Prefixes meaning "bad` or "wrong`..........15
     2.1.2 Prefixes of Reversal..........15
     2.1.3 Prefixes of Location..........15
     2.1.4 Prefixes of Displacement..........16
     2.1.4.1 Prefixes meaning "movement in space`..........16
     2.1.4.2 Prefixes meaning "movement in time`..........17
     2.1.5 Prefixes of Relationship..........18
     2.1.5.1 Prefixes meaning "against` or "opposite`..........18
     2.1.5.2 Prefixes meaning "together`..........18
     2.1.5.3 Prefixes meaning "beyond` or "well`..........18
     2.1.6 Prefixes of Repetition..........19
     2.1.7 Prefixes of Quantity..........19
     2.1.8 Prefixes of Intensity..........19
     2.2 Suffixes..........20
     2.2.1 Noun Suffixes..........22
     2.2.1.1 Concrete Noun Suffixes..........22
      2.2.1.1.1 Suffixes of Agent Nouns..........22
      2.2.1.1.2 Suffixes of Diminution..........24
      2.2.1.1.3 Suffixes of Location..........25
      2.2.1.1.4 Suffixes of Material..........25
     2.2.1.2 Abstract Noun Suffixes..........26
      2.2.1.2.1 Suffixes of Condition..........26
      2.2.1.2.2 Suffixes of Action..........28
      2.2.1.2.3 Suffixes of Science or Doctrine..........29
     2.2.1.3 Suffixes as Noun Markers..........29
     2.2.1.4 ..........s..........29
     2.2.2 Verb Suffixes..........29
     2.2.2.1 Suffixes of Causation..........30
     2.2.2.2 Suffixes as Verb Markers..........30
     2.2.3 Adjective Suffixes..........31
     2.2.3.1 Suffixes of Characteristics..........31
     2.2.3.2 Suffixes of Possession or Plentitude..........32
     2.2.3.3 Suffixes of Tendency..........33
     2.2.3.4 Suffixes of Direction..........33
     2.2.3.5 Suffixes of Scarcity..........33
     2.2.3.6 Suffixes of Resemblence..........33
     2.2.3.7 Suffixes of Capability..........34
     2.2.3.8 Suffixes of Making..........34
     2.2.3.9 Suffixes of Extending Throughout a Given Area..........34
     2.2.4 Adverb Suffixes..........34
     2.3 Bound Roots and Their Variant Forms..........35
     2.4 English Derivation Patterns..........39
     2.4. 1 Root + Suffix..........41
     2.4. 2 Prefix + Root + Suffix..........41
     2.4. 3 Prefix + Root..........42
     2.4. 4 Root + Suffix + Suffix..........43
     2.4. 5 Prefix + Root + Suffix + Suffix..........43
     2.4. 6 Root + Root + Suffix..........44
     2.4. 7 Prefix + Prefix + Root + Suffix..........44
     2.4. 8 Root + Suffix + Suffix + Suffix..........45
     2.4. 9 Root + Root + Suffix + Suffix..........45
     2.4.10 Prefix + Prefix + Root..........45
     2.4.11 Prefix + Root + Suffix + Suffix + Suffix..........46
     2.4.12 Prefix + Prefix + Root + Suffix + Suffix..........46
     2.4.13 Prefix + Prefix + Prefix + Root + Suffix..........46
     NOTES..........48
     CHAPTER III MORPHOLOGICAL RULES
     3.0 Introduction..........57
     3.1 Change Rules..........58
     3.1.1 Weakening Rules..........59
     3.1.1.1 A..........Weakening..........59
     3.1.1.2 E..........Weakening..........59
     3.1.1.3 Double..........Weakening..........61
     3.1.2 Assimilation Rules..........61
     3.1.2.1 Total Assimilation..........62
     3.1.2.2 Nasal Assimilation..........64
     3.1.2.3 Voicing Assimilation..........65
     3.1.3 B..........Change..........66
     3.1.4 C..........Change..........66
     3.1.5 D..........Change..........66
     3.1.6 T..........Change..........67
     3.1.7 V..........Change..........68
     3.1.8 Y..........Change..........68
     3.1.9 Metathesis..........70
     3.2 Deletion Rules..........70
     3.2.1 Vowel..........Deletion Rules..........70
     3.2.1.1 Final Vowel Deletion..........70
     3.2.1.2 E..........Deletion..........72
     3.2.1.3 U..........Deletion..........73
     3.2.2 Consonant..........Deletion Rules..........73
     3.2.2.1 B..........Deletion..........73
     3.2.2.2 N..........Deletion..........73
     3.2.2.3 S..........Deletion..........74
     3.2.2.4 X..........Deletion..........76
     3.2.2.5 Haplology..........76
     3.2.2.6 Deletion Triggered by the Cluster Beginning with s..........77
     3.3 Addition Rules..........79
     3.3.1 Vowel Addition..........79
     3.3.2 Consonant..........Addition Rules..........80
     3.3.2.1 H..........Addition..........80
     3.3.2.2 N..........Addition..........80
     3.3.2.3 T..........Addition..........80
     3.3.2.4 Consonant Doubling..........81
     NOTES..........83
     CHAPTER IV COMPOUNDS AND COMPOUNDING
     4.0 Introduction..........85
     4.1 Traditional Compounds..........86
     4.1.1 Compound Nouns..........90
     4.1.1.1 Endocentric Compound Nouns..........91
      4.1.1.1.1 N1 + N2..........91
      4.1.1.1.2 A + N..........98
      4.1.1.1.3 V + N..........99
      4.1.1.1.4 P + N..........100
      4.1.1.1.5 N + Ver..........100
     4.1.1.2 Exocentric Compound Nouns..........100
      4.1.1.2.1 N1 + N2..........101
      4.1.1.2.2 A + N..........101
      4.1.1.2.3 A + Ving..........102
      4.1.1.2.4 N + V..........102
      4.1.1.2.5 V + P..........102
      4.1.1.2.6 P + N..........103
      4.1.1.2.7 P + V..........103
      4.1.1.2.8 P + Ving..........103
      4.1.1.2.9 Adv + Ved..........103
     4.1.1.3 Appositional Compound Nouns..........104
     4.1.2 Compound Adjectives..........104
     4.1.2.1 A + A..........105
     4.1.2.2 A + N + ed..........105
     4.1.2.3 A + Ved..........105
     4.1.2.4 Adv + Adv..........106
     4.1.2.5 A + Conj + A..........106
     4.1.2.6 N + A..........106
     4.1.2.7 A + N..........107
     4.1.2.8 N + Ving..........107
     4.1.2.9 P + Ving..........107
     4.1.2.10 P + N..........107
     4.1.2.11 P + and + P..........107
     4.1.2.12 Adv + Ving..........108
     4.1.3 Compound Verbs..........108
     4.1.3.1 V + V..........108
     4.1.3.2 N + V..........108
     4.1.3.3 A + V..........109
     4.1.3.4 P + V..........109
     4.1.4 Compound Adverbs..........109
     4.1.4.1 Adv + Adv..........109
     4.1.4.2 A + Adv..........109
     4.1.4.3 P + Adv..........110
     4.1.4.4 Adv + N..........110
     4.1.4.5 A + N..........110
     4.1.4.6 Prep + N..........110
     4.1.4.7 N + Prep + N..........111
     4.1.5 Compound Conjunctions..........111
     4.1.6 Compound Preposition..........111
     4.2 Neo..........classical Compounds..........111
     4.2.1 ICFs..........112
     4.2.2 FCFs..........114
     NOTES..........116
     CHAPTER V CONCLUSION: FINDINGS, SUGGESTIONS, AND RESIDUAL PROBLEMS
     5.1 Summary of Findings..........117
     5.2 Implications..........127
     5.3 Suggestions..........132
     5.4 Residual Problems..........134
     5.5 Closing Words..........138
     NOTES..........139
     BIBLIOGRAPHY..........141
     APPENDIXES..........147		zh_TW
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#B2002004581en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 複合詞zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 衍生詞zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 教育zh_TW
dc.title (題名) 高中英語衍生詞與複合詞的構詞分析zh_TW
dc.title (題名) A morphological analysis of the complex words used in Taiwan senior high school English textbocksen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) BIBLIOGRAPHY
     Adams, Valerie. 1973. An Introduction to Modern English Word formation.New
     York: Longman.
     AI-Kufaishi, Adil. 1988. "A Vocabulary-Building Program Is a Necessity Not a Luxury." English Teaching Forum, 26, No.2,42-43.
     Allen, Margaret R. 1978. "Morphological Investigations." Diss.Univ. of Connecticut.
     Allen, Virginia F. 1983. Technigues in Teaching Vocabulary.New York: Oxford Univ. Press.
     Aronoff, Mark. 1976. Word Formation in Generative Grammar.Cambridge: The MIT Press.
     Bauer, Laurie. 1983. English Word-formation. Taipei: Crane.
     Becker, Wesley C., Robert Dixon, and Lynne Anderson-Inman. 1980.Morphographic and Root Word Analysis of 26,000 High Frequency Words. Univ. of Oregon Follow Through Project.
     Bloomfield, Leonard. 1933. Language. Chicago: The Univ. of Chicago Press.
     Bochner, Harry. 1988. "The Forms of Words: A Theory of Lexical Relationships." Diss. Harvard Univ.
     Bolinger, Dwight, and Donald A. Sears. 1985. Aspects of Language, 3rd ed. Taipei: Crane.
     Brown, H. Douglas. 1987. Principles of Lanquage Learninq and Teaching. 2nd ed. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall.
     Burmeister, Lou E. 1975. Words - from Print to Meaning.Philippines: Addison-Wesley.
     Carter, Ronald, and Michael McCarthy. 1988. Vocabulary and Language Teaching. London: Longman.
     Celce-Murcia, Marianne, and Fred Rosensweig. 1979. "Teaching Vocabulary in the ESL Classroom." Teaching English as a Second or Foreign Language. Rowley: Newbury House.
     Chomsky, Noam, and Morris Halle. 1968. The Sound Pattern of English. New York: Harper & Row.
     Clark, Raymond C., and Janie L. Duncan. 1990. Getting a Fix on Vocabularv: Using Words in the News. Brattleboro: Pro Lingua Associates.
     Crystal, David. 1985. A Dictionary of Linguistics and Phonetics, 2nd ed.Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
     Davis, Peter. 1984. Roots: Family Histories of Familiar Words.Taipei: Crane.
     Farid, Anne. 1985. A Vocabulary Workbook: Prefixes, Roots, and Suffixes for ESL Students. Englewood Cliffs: PrenticeHall.
     Gairns, Ruth, and Stuart Redman. 1986. Working with Words: A Guide to Teaching and Learning Vocabulary. Cambridge:Cambridge Univ. Press.
     Glazier, Teresa F. 1985. The Least You Should Know About Vocabulary Building: Word Roots. New York: Holt,Rinehart, and Winston.
     Goulden, Robin, Paul Nation, and John Read. 1990. "How Large Can a Receptive Vocabulary Be?" Applied Linguistics, II,No.4, 341-63.
     Jackson, Howard. 1988. Words and Their Meaning. London:Longman.
     Jensen, John T. 1990. Morphology: Word Structure in Generative Grammar. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
     Judd, Elliott L. 1978. "Vocabulary Teaching and TESOL: A Need for Reevaluation of Existing Assumptions." TESOL Quarterly,12, No. I, 71-75.
     Keen, Dennis. 1985. Developing Vocabulary Skills. Rowley:Nevlbury House.
     Klien, Ernest. 1967. A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the English Language. Amsterdam: Elsevier Scientific Publish Co.
     Koda, Keiko. 1990. "The Use of L1 Reading Strategies in L2 Reading." Studies in Second Language Acguistion, 12, No.4,393-410.
     Krashen, Stephen D., and Tracy D. Terrell. 1988. The Natural Approach: Language Acguisition in the Classroom. New York:Prentic Hall.
     Lederer, Richard H. 1980. "English Word-making." Diss. Univ. of New Hampshire.
     Lewick-Wallace, Mary. 1991. Vocabulary Building and Word Study,International ed.
     Singapore: McGraw-Hill.
     Lieber, Rochelle. 1983. "Argument Linking and Compounds in English." Linguistic Inguiry, 14, No.2, 251-85.
     Littlewood, William. 1984. Foreign and Second Language Learning: Language-acguisition Research and Its Implications for the Classroom. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ.Press.
     MacKay, Ian R. A. 1985. Introducing Practical Phonetics.Taipei: Crane.
     Marchand, Hans. 1969. The Categories and Types of Present-Day English Word-Formation. Munchen: Beck.
     Masterman, Joan Kay. 1980. "Overt and Covert Modern English Morpheme Boundaries Following Greek Prefixes." Diss.Illinois Institute of Technology.
     Matthews, P. H. 1974. MorpholoGY: An Introduction to the Theory of Word-structure. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ.Press.
     McCarthy, M. J. 1984. "A New Look at Vacabulary in EFL."Applied Linguistics, 5, No.1, 12-22.
     Mo, Chien-ching. (Forthcoming) . "On Sound Symbolism."Mohanan, K. P. 1982. Lexical Phonology. Indiana: Indiana University Linguistic Club.
     Morgan, John, and Mario Rinvolucri. 1986. Vocabulary. Oxford Univ. Press.
     Myers, L. M., and Richard L. Hoffman. 1981. The Roots of Modern English. Taipei: Crane.
     Nuttall, Christine. 1982. TeachinG Reading skills in a Foreign Language. London: Heinemann Educational Books.O`Grady, William, and Michael Dobrovolsky, eds. 1988.contemporary Linguistic Analysis: An Introduction. Taipei:Crane.
     orgel, Joseph R. 1983. Building an Enriched Vocabulary. New York: Sadlier-Oxford.
     Partridge, Eric. 1983. Origins. New York: Greenwich House.
     Pearson, P. David, and Dale D. Johnson. 1978. Teaching Reading Comprehension. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston.
     Pierson, Herbert D. 1989. "Using Etymology in the Classroom."ELT Journal, 43, No. 1, 57-63.
     Pyles, Thomas. 1971. The Origins and Development of the English Language, 2nd ed.
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