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題名 行政機關生產力之研究 : 指標建構與衡量方法的探討
作者 楊建民
貢獻者 鄭興弟
楊建民
日期 1987
上傳時間 4-May-2016 17:23:11 (UTC+8)
參考文獻 參考書目
壹、 中文部份
〈一〉書籍
1. 石滋宜著，自動化、合理化、無人化，台北:中國生產力中心，民國七十四年七月。
2. 中國生產力中心，生產力意願與意識之調查《研究報告》台北:中國生產力中心民國七十五年六月初版。
3. _______________，生產力的意義，台北:中國生產力中心，民國七十一年九月二版。
4. 余朝權著，企業生產力衡量與分析，台北:中國生產力中心，民國七十三年三月初版。
5. _________，生產力指標，台北:中國生產力中心，民國七十四年七月初版。
6. 吳定著，公共行政論叢，台北:天一圖書公司，民國七十三年六月初版。
7. 許士軍著，管理學，台北:東華書司，民國七十年一月初版。
8. 張金鑑主編，雲五社會科學大辭典，第七冊，行政學，台北:商務印書館，民國六十五年九月三版。
9. 張潤書編譯，組織行為與績效，台北:五南圖書出版公司，民國七十四年一月初版。
10.劉水深著譯，研究發展之生產力，台北:中國生產力中心，民國六十九年六月。
11.潘文章著，生產力管理:觀念與作法，台北:三民書局，民國七十四年十一月初版。
〈二〉期刊論文
1.吳堯峰撰，「政府機關生產力之提高與衡量－公共行政的新課題」，張金鑑先生八秩榮慶論文集，台北:聯經出版公司，民國七十三年初版。
2.________，「八十年代的公共行政」，逢甲學報，十四期，民國七十年十一月。
3.________，「施政績效衡量基準之建立與運用」，研考月刊第五卷，第十一期，民國七十年十一月。
4.吳定撰，行政效率測量標準與方法之研究，政大公共行政研究所碩士論文民國五十八年五月。
5.施能傑撰，國會監督與政黨執行－美國經驗之研究兼論我國之發展，政大公共行政研究所碩士論文，民國七十四年六月。
6.許士軍撰，「工作滿足、個人特徵與組織氣候－文獻探討與實證研究」，政大學報，第三十五期，民國六十六年五月。
7.彭剛力撰，人格特質、組織氣候與工作滿足關聯性之研究，政大公共行政研究所碩士論文，民國七十年六月。
8.張世賢撰，「社會指標應用於改第分析與政黨制定之探討」，中央研究院三民主義研究所叢刊(12)，民國七十二年十二月。
9.張潤書撰，「我國行政革新的回顧與前瞻」，政大六十週年校慶學術研討會論文，民國七十六年五月。
10. 劉永憲撰，「公共部門的特性」，台北市銀行月刊，第八卷，第八期，民國六十七年八月二十五日。
〈三〉報紙
1.何恩偉，「也談政治生產力」，聯合報，民國七十年十一月三十日。
2.彭文賢，「行政適應的新認識」，中央日報，民國六十九年七月二十八日。
3.郭俊次，「策進公務生產力運動」，中央日報，民國七十五年七月九日。
4.高稷瑾，「掀起第二次生產力運動」，中央日報，民國六十七年八月二十日。
5.楊士仁等，「財經部門要提高政治生產力」，聯合報七十年十一月二十六日。
6.盧昱儒，「政治生產力也要提高」，聯合報，七十年四月二十三日。
7.中央日報，民國七十五年六月二十八日，二版。

貳、 西文部份
〈一〉 書籍
1. Baster, Nancy (ed.) Measuring Development: The Role and Adequacy of Development Indicators. Frank Cass: London, 1972.
2. Churchman, C. W., Why Measure? Measurement: Definition and Theories. New York: John Wiley & Sons In., 1967.
3. Dimock M. E., and G. O. Dimock. Public Administration New York: Rinehart, 1961.
4. Drucker, P. E. Management: Tasks, Reponsibilities, Practices. New York: Harper & Row, 1973.
5. Dunn, William N. Public Policy Analysis: An Introduction. New Jersey: Printice - Hall Inc., 1981.
6. Etzioni, Amitai. Modern Organizations. New Jersey: Printice-Hall, Inc., 1964.
7. Executive Office of the Presdient, Bureau of the Budget, Measuring Producitvity of the Federal Government Organizations. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1964.
8. Gregerman, Ira B. Productivity Improvement: A Guide for Small Business. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Publising Company, 1984.
9. Golembiewski, R. T. Public Administration As a Developing Discipline. New York: Marcel Dekker Inc., 1977.
10. Hawley, Will is D., and David Rogers (ed.) Improving the Quality of Urban Management. California: SAGE Publications Inc., 1974.
11. Hatry, Harry P., and D. M. Fisk Improving Productivity and Productivity Measurement in Local Governments. Washington, D.C.: The National Commission on Productivity, 1971.
12. Hempel, Carl G. Fundamentals of Concepts Formation in Empical Science. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1952.
13. Holzer, Marc (ed.) Productivity in Public Organizations. New York: Kennitak Press, 1976.
14. Katzell, R., and D. Yankelovich. Work, Productivity and Job Satisfaction. New York: New York University Press, 1975.
15. Katz, D., and R. Kahn. The Social Psychology of Organizations. New York: John Wiley & Sons., 1978.
16. Kendrick, J. W. Productivity Trends in the United States. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1961
17. _____. Postwar Productivity Trends in the United States 1948 - 1969. New York: National Bureau Economic Research, 1973.
18. Kirkpatrick, Donald L. How to Manage Change Effectively. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers., 1985.
19. Kopelman, Richard E. Managing Productivity in Organizations - - A Practical, People – Orieted Perspective. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1986.
20. Litwin, G. L., and R. A. Stringer Jr. Motivation and Organizational Climate. Boston: Harvard University Press, 1968.
21. Mali, Paul. Improving Total Productivity: MBO Strategies for Business, Government, and Not - For - Profit Organizations. New York: John Wiley & Sons., 1978.
22. Marini, Frank (ed.) Toward a New Public Administration. New York: Syracuse University Press, 1971.
23. Mundel, Marvin E. Improving Productivity and Effectiveness. New Jersey: Printice-Hall, Inc., 1983.
24. _____. Measruing and Enhancing The Productivity of Service and Government Organizations. Tokyo: Asian Productivity Organization, 1975.
25. Poister, Theodore H. Public Program Analysis: Applied Methods. Baltimore: University Park Press, 1978.
26. Ross, John P., and Jesse Burkhead Productivity in the Local Government Sector. Washington, D.C.: Heath and Company, 1974.
27. Simon, Herbert A. Administrative Behavior. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company Inc., 1976.
28. Sorensen, J., and A.R.Kucic Assessing the Cost-Outcomes and Cost-Effectiveness of Community Support Program (CSP): A Feasibility Study. Colorado: Division of Mental Health Development of Institution, 1981.
29. Steven, S. S. Measurement: Definition and Theories. New York: Harper & Row, 1967.
30. Suchman, Edward A. Evaluation Research: Principles and Practice in Public Service and Social Action Programs. New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 1969.
31. Sumanth, David J. Prodctivity. Engineering and Management. New York: McGraw- Hill Book Company , 1985.
32. Sutermeister, Robert A. People and Productivity. New York: McGRaw-Hill Book Company, 1976.
33. Vogley, W. A. A case Study in Measurement of Government Output. Santa Monica the RAND Corporation, 1958.
34. Washnis, George J. (ed.) Productivity Improvement Handbook for State and Local Government. New York: John Wiley & Sons. Inc., 1980.
35. Wexley, Kenneth N., and Gary P. Latham. Increasing Productivity Through Performance Appraisal. Massachusetts: Addison - Wesley Publishing Company, 1981.

〈期刊論文〉
1. Burkhead, Jesse., and Patrick J. Hennigan. “Productivity Analysis: A Search for Definition and Order.” Public Administration Review (January / February 1978), pp. 34-40.
2. Cameron, Kim. “Construct Space and Subjectivity Problems in Organizational Effectiveness” Public Productivity Review, Vol. V. No. 2. (June 1981), pp.105-121.
3. Dalton, T.C., and L.C. Fitzpatrick. “Productivity Measurement and the Public Organization.” Policy Studies Review, Vol.4 No.3 (February 1985), pp.519-531.
4. Elkin, Robert., and Mark Moliter. “A Conceptual Framework For Selecting Management Indicators in Nonprofit Organization.” Administration in Social Work, Vol.9 No.4 (Winter 1985 / 86), pp. 19-20.
5. Ervin, Osbin L. “A Conceptual Niche For Muncipal Productivity.” Public Productivity Review, Vol. III. No.2 (Summer / Fall 1978), pp. 15-24.
6. Fenske, R.W. “An Analysis of the Meaning of Productivity.” Productivity Measurement Review, N.42 August 1965), pp. 16-22.
7. Gilder, George. "Public Sector Productivity." Public Productivity Review, Vol. 1 No. 1 (Sepember 1975), p. 4.
8. Hatry, Harry P. "The Status of Productivity Measurement in the Public Sector." Public Administration Review, (January / February 1978), pp. 28-33.
9. _____. “Approaches to Productivity Measurement and Program Evaluation.” Public Productivity Review, Vol.1 No.3 (March 1976), pp. 22-23.
10. _____. “Performance Measurement Principles and Techniques: An Overview of Local Government” Public Productivity Review, Vol. III No.4 (December 1980), pp.312-339.
11. _____. “Issues in Productivity Measurement for Local Governments.” Public Administration Review, (November / December 1972), pp. 777-778.
12. Henry, N. “Paradigms of Public Administration.” Public Administration Review, Vol.35 (July / August 1975), pp. 378-386.
13. Kull, Donald C. “Productivity Programs in the Federal Government.” Public Administration Review. (January / February 1978), pp.5-9.
14. Leathers, Charles G. “Language Barriers in Public Productivity Analysis: The Case of Efficiency and Effectiveness.” Public Productivity Review, Vol.3 No.4 (Spring / Summer 1979), pp. 63-68.
15. Lytton, H.D. “Recent Productivity Trends in the Federal Government: An Exploratory Study.” Review of Economics and Statistics, (November 1959).
16. Mark, Jerome A. “Measuring Productivity in Government.” Public Productivity Review, Vol.4 No.1 (March 1981), pp.27-29.
17. _____. “Meanings and Measures of Productivity.” Public Administration Review, (November / December 1972), pp. 751-752.
18. Morris, Thomas D. “Productivity Measures in the Federal Government” Public Administration Review, (November / December 1972), pp. 754-763.
19. Mclnton, W.A., and G. Klogan., L.D. Wilcox. “Theoretical Issues and Social Indicators: A Societal Process Approach.” Policy Sciences, Vol.8 (1977), pp. 245-268.
20. Neufville, J.I.de. “Validating Policy Indicators.” Policy Sciences, Vol.10 (1978-79), pp.171-188.
21. Neugarter, Dail Ann. “Themes and Issues in Public Sector Productivity.” Public Personnel Management Journal, Vol.9 No.4. (1980), pp.229-235.
22. Poister, Theodore H. “Developing Performance Indicators for the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation.” Public Productivity Review, Vol.5 No.1-2 (March / June 1982), pp.51-77.
23. Quinn, R., and J. Rohbraugh. “A Competing Values Approach to Organizational Effectiveness.” Public Productivity Review, Vol.V. No.2 (June 1981), pp.122-140.
24. Quinn, R.E. “Productivity and the Process of Organizational Improvement: Why We Cannot Talk to Eachother.” Public Administration Review 38, (January / February 1978), pp. 41-45.
25. Rosenbloom, Richard S. “The Real Productivity Crisis is in Government.” Harvard Business Review, (September / October 1973).
26. Siegel, G.B. “The Enlarge Concept of Productivity Measurement in Government- -A Review of Some Strategies.” Public Productivity Review, Vol.V. No.2 (Winter 1976), pp.37-58.
27. Wise, Charles R., and E.B. McGregor Jr. “Government Productivity and Program Evaluation Issues.” Public Productivity Reivew, Vol.I. No.3 (March 1976), pp.5-19.
28. Wilkins, D. “A Productivity Program for Local Government.” Public Productivity Review, Vol.3 No.4 (Spring / Summer 1979), pp. 17-25.
29. Yamada, Gordon T. “Improving Management Effectiveness in the Federal Government.” Public Administration Review, (November / December 1972), pp. 764-770.
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
公共行政學系
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#B2002006058
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 鄭興弟zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 楊建民zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 楊建民zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 1987en_US
dc.date.accessioned 4-May-2016 17:23:11 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 4-May-2016 17:23:11 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 4-May-2016 17:23:11 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) B2002006058en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/91022-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 公共行政學系zh_TW
dc.description.tableofcontents 目錄
第一章 緒論………1
第一節 研究背景………1
(壹)行政機關生產力危機
(貳)行政機關生產力研究的基本理由
(參)公共行政部門生產力研究現況
第二節 本文研究結構………8
(壹)研究動機與目的
(貳)研究方法與範圍
(參)分析架構
第二章 行政機關生產力的意涵………14
第一節 現代公共行政特質………14
(壹)政治與行政的分合演進
(貳)行政權擴張趨勢
(參)現代行政機關的角色任務
第二節 生產力基本概念探析………20
(壹)生產力字義緣起
(貳)生產力意義界定
(參)生產力基本共通特性
第三節 行政機關生產力的界定………31
(壹)概念澄清
(貳)定義與系統內涵
第三章 行政機關生產力指標建構………45
第一節 指標建構的意義與效度………45
(壹)指標建構的意義
(貳)指標的效度
第二節 生產力指標建構的基本論題………51
(壹)生產力指標建構之設定原則
(貳)三種建構型態
第三節 行政機關生產力指標………57
(壹)行政效率變項
(貳)行政效能變項
第四節 行政機關生產力指標之分析模式………70
(壹)系統分析架構
(貳)運用說明
第四章 行政機關生產力衡量………84
第一節 生產力衡量的基本認識………84
(壹)意義與緣起
(貳)公私部門生產力衡量異同
(參)重要性與功用
(肆)基本原則
第二節 生產力衡量模式與方法………92
(壹)基本方式
(貳)投入與產出分析
(參)各種重要生產力衡量模式與方法
(肆)選擇衡量模式的考慮因素
第三節 總合性生產力指標衡量………108
(壹)行政效率變項
(貳)行政效能變項
(參)總合性生產力
第五章 生產力衡量實例………126
第一節 美國政府生產力衡量經驗概述………126
(壹)聯邦政府
(貳)州及地方政府
第二節 我國個案分析──「科學工業園區管理局」生產力衡量案例………138
(壹)背景說明
(貳)研究設計與過程
(參)衡量方式與統計結果
第六章 結論………160
第一節 回顧與檢討………161
(壹)本文回顧
(貳)檢討與建議
第二節 行政革新與提高生產力………168
參考書目………175
附件〈一〉………189
附件〈二〉………190
附件〈三〉………192
附件〈四〉………195

圖表目錄
圖1-1:本研究分析架構………10
圖2-1:行政機關生產力系統分析圖………38
表2-1:重要生產力定義記年表………22
表2-2:三種生產力研究取向………34
圖3-1:行政效能整合模式………64
圖3-2:行政機關生產力指標列示………69
圖3-3:行政機關生產力指標系統分析內涵………71
圖3-4:不同層次的生產力圖………74
圖4-1:依機關工作性質調整數量與品質因素關係圖………91
圖4-2:五種生產力衡量出率關係………101
圖4-3:選擇一種適當可行的生產力衡量方法種種考慮因素圖………107
圖5-1:聯邦政府全般生產力指數………129
圖5-2:功能團體生產力趨勢………131
圖5-3:聯邦政府1967-1975會計年度生產力趨勢………132
圖5-4:本個案分析之研究設計架構………139
圖5-5:管理局生產力成長趨勢………154
表5-1:聯邦政府五種機關主要生產力衡量因素列示表………127
表5-2:功能指標樣例………130
表5-3:生產力衡量例示………136
表5-4:生產力衡量應考慮因素例示………137
表5-5:管理局硬體建設產出之生產力衡量指標………141
表5-6:管理局軟體建設產出之生產力衡量指標………142
表5-7:管理局結構性建設產出之生產力衡量指標………143
表5-8:樣本與母體結構………147
表5-9:科學園區廠商三套問卷統計結果………151
表5-10:管理局員工工作滿足感量表統計結果………152
表5-11:科學園區年度成長(74-75年)統計結果………153
表5-12:科學園區抽樣廠商意見反應統計………156
圖6-1:年度機關生產力檢討改進循環模式………171		zh_TW
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#B2002006058en_US
dc.title (題名) 行政機關生產力之研究 : 指標建構與衡量方法的探討zh_TW
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 參考書目
壹、 中文部份
〈一〉書籍
1. 石滋宜著，自動化、合理化、無人化，台北:中國生產力中心，民國七十四年七月。
2. 中國生產力中心，生產力意願與意識之調查《研究報告》台北:中國生產力中心民國七十五年六月初版。
3. _______________，生產力的意義，台北:中國生產力中心，民國七十一年九月二版。
4. 余朝權著，企業生產力衡量與分析，台北:中國生產力中心，民國七十三年三月初版。
5. _________，生產力指標，台北:中國生產力中心，民國七十四年七月初版。
6. 吳定著，公共行政論叢，台北:天一圖書公司，民國七十三年六月初版。
7. 許士軍著，管理學，台北:東華書司，民國七十年一月初版。
8. 張金鑑主編，雲五社會科學大辭典，第七冊，行政學，台北:商務印書館，民國六十五年九月三版。
9. 張潤書編譯，組織行為與績效，台北:五南圖書出版公司，民國七十四年一月初版。
10.劉水深著譯，研究發展之生產力，台北:中國生產力中心，民國六十九年六月。
11.潘文章著，生產力管理:觀念與作法，台北:三民書局，民國七十四年十一月初版。
〈二〉期刊論文
1.吳堯峰撰，「政府機關生產力之提高與衡量－公共行政的新課題」，張金鑑先生八秩榮慶論文集，台北:聯經出版公司，民國七十三年初版。
2.________，「八十年代的公共行政」，逢甲學報，十四期，民國七十年十一月。
3.________，「施政績效衡量基準之建立與運用」，研考月刊第五卷，第十一期，民國七十年十一月。
4.吳定撰，行政效率測量標準與方法之研究，政大公共行政研究所碩士論文民國五十八年五月。
5.施能傑撰，國會監督與政黨執行－美國經驗之研究兼論我國之發展，政大公共行政研究所碩士論文，民國七十四年六月。
6.許士軍撰，「工作滿足、個人特徵與組織氣候－文獻探討與實證研究」，政大學報，第三十五期，民國六十六年五月。
7.彭剛力撰，人格特質、組織氣候與工作滿足關聯性之研究，政大公共行政研究所碩士論文，民國七十年六月。
8.張世賢撰，「社會指標應用於改第分析與政黨制定之探討」，中央研究院三民主義研究所叢刊(12)，民國七十二年十二月。
9.張潤書撰，「我國行政革新的回顧與前瞻」，政大六十週年校慶學術研討會論文，民國七十六年五月。
10. 劉永憲撰，「公共部門的特性」，台北市銀行月刊，第八卷，第八期，民國六十七年八月二十五日。
〈三〉報紙
1.何恩偉，「也談政治生產力」，聯合報，民國七十年十一月三十日。
2.彭文賢，「行政適應的新認識」，中央日報，民國六十九年七月二十八日。
3.郭俊次，「策進公務生產力運動」，中央日報，民國七十五年七月九日。
4.高稷瑾，「掀起第二次生產力運動」，中央日報，民國六十七年八月二十日。
5.楊士仁等，「財經部門要提高政治生產力」，聯合報七十年十一月二十六日。
6.盧昱儒，「政治生產力也要提高」，聯合報，七十年四月二十三日。
7.中央日報，民國七十五年六月二十八日，二版。

貳、 西文部份
〈一〉 書籍
1. Baster, Nancy (ed.) Measuring Development: The Role and Adequacy of Development Indicators. Frank Cass: London, 1972.
2. Churchman, C. W., Why Measure? Measurement: Definition and Theories. New York: John Wiley & Sons In., 1967.
3. Dimock M. E., and G. O. Dimock. Public Administration New York: Rinehart, 1961.
4. Drucker, P. E. Management: Tasks, Reponsibilities, Practices. New York: Harper & Row, 1973.
5. Dunn, William N. Public Policy Analysis: An Introduction. New Jersey: Printice - Hall Inc., 1981.
6. Etzioni, Amitai. Modern Organizations. New Jersey: Printice-Hall, Inc., 1964.
7. Executive Office of the Presdient, Bureau of the Budget, Measuring Producitvity of the Federal Government Organizations. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1964.
8. Gregerman, Ira B. Productivity Improvement: A Guide for Small Business. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Publising Company, 1984.
9. Golembiewski, R. T. Public Administration As a Developing Discipline. New York: Marcel Dekker Inc., 1977.
10. Hawley, Will is D., and David Rogers (ed.) Improving the Quality of Urban Management. California: SAGE Publications Inc., 1974.
11. Hatry, Harry P., and D. M. Fisk Improving Productivity and Productivity Measurement in Local Governments. Washington, D.C.: The National Commission on Productivity, 1971.
12. Hempel, Carl G. Fundamentals of Concepts Formation in Empical Science. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1952.
13. Holzer, Marc (ed.) Productivity in Public Organizations. New York: Kennitak Press, 1976.
14. Katzell, R., and D. Yankelovich. Work, Productivity and Job Satisfaction. New York: New York University Press, 1975.
15. Katz, D., and R. Kahn. The Social Psychology of Organizations. New York: John Wiley & Sons., 1978.
16. Kendrick, J. W. Productivity Trends in the United States. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1961
17. _____. Postwar Productivity Trends in the United States 1948 - 1969. New York: National Bureau Economic Research, 1973.
18. Kirkpatrick, Donald L. How to Manage Change Effectively. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers., 1985.
19. Kopelman, Richard E. Managing Productivity in Organizations - - A Practical, People – Orieted Perspective. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1986.
20. Litwin, G. L., and R. A. Stringer Jr. Motivation and Organizational Climate. Boston: Harvard University Press, 1968.
21. Mali, Paul. Improving Total Productivity: MBO Strategies for Business, Government, and Not - For - Profit Organizations. New York: John Wiley & Sons., 1978.
22. Marini, Frank (ed.) Toward a New Public Administration. New York: Syracuse University Press, 1971.
23. Mundel, Marvin E. Improving Productivity and Effectiveness. New Jersey: Printice-Hall, Inc., 1983.
24. _____. Measruing and Enhancing The Productivity of Service and Government Organizations. Tokyo: Asian Productivity Organization, 1975.
25. Poister, Theodore H. Public Program Analysis: Applied Methods. Baltimore: University Park Press, 1978.
26. Ross, John P., and Jesse Burkhead Productivity in the Local Government Sector. Washington, D.C.: Heath and Company, 1974.
27. Simon, Herbert A. Administrative Behavior. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company Inc., 1976.
28. Sorensen, J., and A.R.Kucic Assessing the Cost-Outcomes and Cost-Effectiveness of Community Support Program (CSP): A Feasibility Study. Colorado: Division of Mental Health Development of Institution, 1981.
29. Steven, S. S. Measurement: Definition and Theories. New York: Harper & Row, 1967.
30. Suchman, Edward A. Evaluation Research: Principles and Practice in Public Service and Social Action Programs. New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 1969.
31. Sumanth, David J. Prodctivity. Engineering and Management. New York: McGraw- Hill Book Company , 1985.
32. Sutermeister, Robert A. People and Productivity. New York: McGRaw-Hill Book Company, 1976.
33. Vogley, W. A. A case Study in Measurement of Government Output. Santa Monica the RAND Corporation, 1958.
34. Washnis, George J. (ed.) Productivity Improvement Handbook for State and Local Government. New York: John Wiley & Sons. Inc., 1980.
35. Wexley, Kenneth N., and Gary P. Latham. Increasing Productivity Through Performance Appraisal. Massachusetts: Addison - Wesley Publishing Company, 1981.

〈期刊論文〉
1. Burkhead, Jesse., and Patrick J. Hennigan. “Productivity Analysis: A Search for Definition and Order.” Public Administration Review (January / February 1978), pp. 34-40.
2. Cameron, Kim. “Construct Space and Subjectivity Problems in Organizational Effectiveness” Public Productivity Review, Vol. V. No. 2. (June 1981), pp.105-121.
3. Dalton, T.C., and L.C. Fitzpatrick. “Productivity Measurement and the Public Organization.” Policy Studies Review, Vol.4 No.3 (February 1985), pp.519-531.
4. Elkin, Robert., and Mark Moliter. “A Conceptual Framework For Selecting Management Indicators in Nonprofit Organization.” Administration in Social Work, Vol.9 No.4 (Winter 1985 / 86), pp. 19-20.
5. Ervin, Osbin L. “A Conceptual Niche For Muncipal Productivity.” Public Productivity Review, Vol. III. No.2 (Summer / Fall 1978), pp. 15-24.
6. Fenske, R.W. “An Analysis of the Meaning of Productivity.” Productivity Measurement Review, N.42 August 1965), pp. 16-22.
7. Gilder, George. "Public Sector Productivity." Public Productivity Review, Vol. 1 No. 1 (Sepember 1975), p. 4.
8. Hatry, Harry P. "The Status of Productivity Measurement in the Public Sector." Public Administration Review, (January / February 1978), pp. 28-33.
9. _____. “Approaches to Productivity Measurement and Program Evaluation.” Public Productivity Review, Vol.1 No.3 (March 1976), pp. 22-23.
10. _____. “Performance Measurement Principles and Techniques: An Overview of Local Government” Public Productivity Review, Vol. III No.4 (December 1980), pp.312-339.
11. _____. “Issues in Productivity Measurement for Local Governments.” Public Administration Review, (November / December 1972), pp. 777-778.
12. Henry, N. “Paradigms of Public Administration.” Public Administration Review, Vol.35 (July / August 1975), pp. 378-386.
13. Kull, Donald C. “Productivity Programs in the Federal Government.” Public Administration Review. (January / February 1978), pp.5-9.
14. Leathers, Charles G. “Language Barriers in Public Productivity Analysis: The Case of Efficiency and Effectiveness.” Public Productivity Review, Vol.3 No.4 (Spring / Summer 1979), pp. 63-68.
15. Lytton, H.D. “Recent Productivity Trends in the Federal Government: An Exploratory Study.” Review of Economics and Statistics, (November 1959).
16. Mark, Jerome A. “Measuring Productivity in Government.” Public Productivity Review, Vol.4 No.1 (March 1981), pp.27-29.
17. _____. “Meanings and Measures of Productivity.” Public Administration Review, (November / December 1972), pp. 751-752.
18. Morris, Thomas D. “Productivity Measures in the Federal Government” Public Administration Review, (November / December 1972), pp. 754-763.
19. Mclnton, W.A., and G. Klogan., L.D. Wilcox. “Theoretical Issues and Social Indicators: A Societal Process Approach.” Policy Sciences, Vol.8 (1977), pp. 245-268.
20. Neufville, J.I.de. “Validating Policy Indicators.” Policy Sciences, Vol.10 (1978-79), pp.171-188.
21. Neugarter, Dail Ann. “Themes and Issues in Public Sector Productivity.” Public Personnel Management Journal, Vol.9 No.4. (1980), pp.229-235.
22. Poister, Theodore H. “Developing Performance Indicators for the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation.” Public Productivity Review, Vol.5 No.1-2 (March / June 1982), pp.51-77.
23. Quinn, R., and J. Rohbraugh. “A Competing Values Approach to Organizational Effectiveness.” Public Productivity Review, Vol.V. No.2 (June 1981), pp.122-140.
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29. Yamada, Gordon T. “Improving Management Effectiveness in the Federal Government.” Public Administration Review, (November / December 1972), pp. 764-770.		zh_TW