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題名 慕知音：梅爾維爾《克萊柔》中對男性情誼的渴望
Yearning for a Friend: the Desire for Male Intimacy in Melville`s Clarel作者 童小偉
Tong, Xiaowei貢獻者 施堂模
Sellari, Thomas J.
童小偉
Tong, Xiaowei關鍵詞 梅爾維爾
克萊柔
男性間親密關係
同性戀
Melville
Clarel
Male intimacy
Homosexuality日期 2017 上傳時間 2-Feb-2018 10:42:49 (UTC+8) 摘要 本文重在分析梅爾維的史詩《克萊柔：聖地朝之》中表現對男性 情誼的渴望。男性是間一種深刻友從心理以及精神層面來看，渴望這種情誼與男同性愛類似，但是前者無關欲的。舉個例子《白鯨記》 渴望這種情誼與男同性愛類似，但是前者無關欲的。舉個例子《白鯨記》 中以實瑪利對魁格的感情就更適合稱作男性誼而非同愛。本文認爲，克萊柔對西利歐（ Celio）和薠（ Vine）的渴慕純粹是精神上，而他對那 ）的渴慕純粹是精神上，而他對那 個對那里昂青年（ the Lyonese)卻毫無渴慕之情可言。這個觀點跟很多學者前 卻毫無渴慕之情可言。這個觀點跟很多學者前 輩們的觀點不同，他認爲克萊柔對男性情是跟欲望沾邊。本文指出他們之所以得出 這種結論是由於沒有從整體上去把握首詩。他們抓住了一些 模糊的表述，卻忽略了這些與上下文關係。本對首詩分析會格外注意它的完整性。同時，本文也會借助一些外材料比如艾默生章、霍桑的小説 、梅爾維的通信以及他另外一首詩 《歡會之後 》(“After the Pleasure Party”)。本文的論述主要分 爲四個部，大致跟這首詩的四個部分吻 合
This paper discusses the desire for male intimacy in Melville’s epic Clarel: A Poem and Pilgrimage in the Holy Land. Male intimacy is intense friendship, the desire for which partakes of spiritual and psychological aspects of homosexual desires but differs from them in that it is not sexual. As an indicative instance, the relationship between Ishmael and Queequeg is more appropriately called “male intimacy” than “the homosexual.” This paper argues that Clarel’s yearning for Celio and Vine is purely spiritual and that the Lyonese is not an object of desire for Clarel. This view is a challenge to many earlier critics’ belief that Clarel’s spiritual pursuit is tinged with eroticism. Their belief, as this paper will demonstrate, results from a limited reading of the poem. That is, they insist on some ambiguous statements without enough regard to the context. This paper attempts to read Clarel closely and comprehensively. It will resort to some external texts, such as Emerson’s writings, Hawthorne’s novels, and Melville’s correspondence, as well as his poem “After the Pleasure Party.” The body of this paper matches the structure of the poem: the four chapters correspond respectively to its four parts.參考文獻 Bacon, Francis. The Essays of Francis Bacon. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1901.Baym, Nina. “The Erotic Motif in Melville’s Clarel.” Texas Studies in Literature and Language 16.2 (1974): 315-328.Bergland, Renée L.. “Urania’s Inversion: Emily Dickinson, Herman Melville, and the Strange History of Women Scientists in Nineteenth-Century America.” Signs 34.1 (2008): 75-99.Berthold, Dennis. “The Italian Turn of Thought.” Nineteenth-Century Literature 59:3 (2004): 340-371.Bezanson, Walter. “Historical and Critical Note.” Clarel: A Poem and Pilgrimage in the Holy Land. Evanston: Northwestern UP, 1991.Brooks, Cleanth. “Keats’s Sylvan Historian: History without Footnotes.” The Well Wrought Urn: Studies in the Structure of Poetry. 1947. San Diego. New York. London: Harcourt Brace, 1975.Crain, Caleb. American Sympathy: Men, Friendship, and Literature in the New Nation. New Haven: Yale UP, 2001.—————. “Melville’s Secrets.” Leviathan 14.3 (2012): 6-24.—————. “Lovers of Human Flesh: Homosexuality and Cannibalism in Melville’s Novels.” American Literature 66:1 (1994) 25-53.Coote, Stephen, editor. The Penguin Book of Homosexual Verse. Penguin, 1986.Emerson, Ralph Waldo. The Conduct of Life. Boston: Ticknor and Fields, 1860.—————————. The Early Lectures of Ralph Waldo Emerson. Vol. 2. Ed. Stephen E. Whicher, Robert E. Spiller, Wallace E. Williams. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1963.—————————. Essays. Boston: James Munroe and Co., 1841.Goldman, Stan. Melville’s Protest Theism: The Hidden and Silent God in Clarel. DeKalb, Illinois: Northern Illinois University Press, 1993.Howard, Leon. Herman Melville: A Biography. Berkeley and Los Angeles: U of California Press, 1967.Hawthorne, Nathaniel. Collected Novels. New York: Literary Classics of the United States, 1983.Kenny, Vincent. Herman Melville’s Clarel: A Spiritual Autobiography. Hamden: Archon Books, 1973.Mann, Thomas. Der Tod in Venedig. Berlin: S. Fischer, 1919.Martin, Robert K.. Hero, Captain, and Stranger: Male Friendship, Social Critique, and Literary Form in the Sea Novels of Herman Melville. Chapel Hill: The U of North Carolina P, 1986.Melville, Herman. Clarel: A Poem and Pilgrimage in the Holy Land. Evanston: Northwestern UP, 2008.———————. Moby-Dick. Ed. Hershel Parker, Harrison Hayford. New York: Norton, 2002.———————. Published Poems:Battle-Pieces, John Marr, Timoleon. Evanston & Chicago: Northwestern UP and The Newberry Library, 2009.———————. Redburn, White-Jacket, Moby-Dick. New York: Literary Classics of the United States, 1983.Milder, Robert. “‘The Ugly Socrates’: Melville, Hawthorne, and the Varieties of Homoerotic Experience.” Exiled Royalties: Melville and the Life We Imagine. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2009.Milton, John. Paradise Lost. New York & London: Norton, 2005.Morgenstern, Naomi. “The Remains of Friendship and the Ethics of Misreading: Melville, Emerson, Thoreau.” ESQ 57 (2011): 241-266.Pardes, Ilana. “Melville’s Song of Songs: Clarel as Aesthetic Pilgrimage.” Melville and Aesthetics. Ed. Samuel Otter, Geoffrey Sanborn. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2011.Parker, Hershel. “The Character of Vine in Melville’s Clarel.” Essays in Arts and Sciences 15 (1986): 91-113.Peña, Laura. “Beyond the Walls: The Politics of Intersubjective Universalism in Herman Melville’s Clarel.” Diss. U of Barcelona, 2013.Rosenberg, Warren. “‘Deeper Than Sappho’: Melville, Poetry, and the Erotic.” Modern Language Studies 14.1 (1984): 70-78.Sedgwick, Eve Kosofsky. Epistemology of the Closet. Berkeley: U of California P, 1990.Sealts, Merton M. Jr. Melville’s Reading. Columbia: U of South Carolina P, 1988.Shetley, Vernon. “Melville’s ‘After the Pleasure Party’: Venus and Virgin.” Papers on Language & Literature 25:5 (1989): 425-442.Thoreau, Henry D.. A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers. Ed. Carl F. Hovde, William L. Howarth, Elizabeth Hall Witherell. Princeton: Princeton UP, 1983.Watson Jr., Charles N.. “The Estrangement of Hawthorne and Melville.” The New England Quarterly 46:3 (1973): 380-402. 描述 碩士
國立政治大學
英國語文學系
104551022資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G1045510221 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 施堂模 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Sellari, Thomas J. en_US dc.contributor.author (Authors) 童小偉 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Tong, Xiaowei en_US dc.creator (作者) 童小偉 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Tong, Xiaowei en_US dc.date (日期) 2017 en_US dc.date.accessioned 2-Feb-2018 10:42:49 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 2-Feb-2018 10:42:49 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 2-Feb-2018 10:42:49 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G1045510221 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/115720 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 英國語文學系 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 104551022 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本文重在分析梅爾維的史詩《克萊柔：聖地朝之》中表現對男性 情誼的渴望。男性是間一種深刻友從心理以及精神層面來看，渴望這種情誼與男同性愛類似，但是前者無關欲的。舉個例子《白鯨記》 渴望這種情誼與男同性愛類似，但是前者無關欲的。舉個例子《白鯨記》 中以實瑪利對魁格的感情就更適合稱作男性誼而非同愛。本文認爲，克萊柔對西利歐（ Celio）和薠（ Vine）的渴慕純粹是精神上，而他對那 ）的渴慕純粹是精神上，而他對那 個對那里昂青年（ the Lyonese)卻毫無渴慕之情可言。這個觀點跟很多學者前 卻毫無渴慕之情可言。這個觀點跟很多學者前 輩們的觀點不同，他認爲克萊柔對男性情是跟欲望沾邊。本文指出他們之所以得出 這種結論是由於沒有從整體上去把握首詩。他們抓住了一些 模糊的表述，卻忽略了這些與上下文關係。本對首詩分析會格外注意它的完整性。同時，本文也會借助一些外材料比如艾默生章、霍桑的小説 、梅爾維的通信以及他另外一首詩 《歡會之後 》(“After the Pleasure Party”)。本文的論述主要分 爲四個部，大致跟這首詩的四個部分吻 合 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) This paper discusses the desire for male intimacy in Melville’s epic Clarel: A Poem and Pilgrimage in the Holy Land. Male intimacy is intense friendship, the desire for which partakes of spiritual and psychological aspects of homosexual desires but differs from them in that it is not sexual. As an indicative instance, the relationship between Ishmael and Queequeg is more appropriately called “male intimacy” than “the homosexual.” This paper argues that Clarel’s yearning for Celio and Vine is purely spiritual and that the Lyonese is not an object of desire for Clarel. This view is a challenge to many earlier critics’ belief that Clarel’s spiritual pursuit is tinged with eroticism. Their belief, as this paper will demonstrate, results from a limited reading of the poem. That is, they insist on some ambiguous statements without enough regard to the context. This paper attempts to read Clarel closely and comprehensively. It will resort to some external texts, such as Emerson’s writings, Hawthorne’s novels, and Melville’s correspondence, as well as his poem “After the Pleasure Party.” The body of this paper matches the structure of the poem: the four chapters correspond respectively to its four parts. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents Acknowledgements ivChinese Abstract viEnglish Abstract viiChapter1. Introduction 1Introduction to the Text 1About Male Intimacy 5The Problem 112. Literature Review 133. Clarel and Celio 17“Wandering Eye-beams” 17“Still I Yearn” 204. Clarel and Vine 27“The Soul’s Caress” 27“An Insuperable Gulf” 315. The Problem of Sex 39“This Sexless Bound in Sex” 39“That Other Love” 426.The Crossroads of Decision 49“Amigo” 49“How Sore He Yearns” 567. Conclusion 61Works Cited 67 zh_TW dc.format.extent 1232696 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G1045510221 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 梅爾維爾 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 克萊柔 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 男性間親密關係 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 同性戀 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Melville en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Clarel en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Male intimacy en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Homosexuality en_US dc.title (題名) 慕知音：梅爾維爾《克萊柔》中對男性情誼的渴望 zh_TW dc.title (題名) Yearning for a Friend: the Desire for Male Intimacy in Melville`s Clarel en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bacon, Francis. The Essays of Francis Bacon. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1901.Baym, Nina. “The Erotic Motif in Melville’s Clarel.” Texas Studies in Literature and Language 16.2 (1974): 315-328.Bergland, Renée L.. “Urania’s Inversion: Emily Dickinson, Herman Melville, and the Strange History of Women Scientists in Nineteenth-Century America.” Signs 34.1 (2008): 75-99.Berthold, Dennis. “The Italian Turn of Thought.” Nineteenth-Century Literature 59:3 (2004): 340-371.Bezanson, Walter. “Historical and Critical Note.” Clarel: A Poem and Pilgrimage in the Holy Land. Evanston: Northwestern UP, 1991.Brooks, Cleanth. “Keats’s Sylvan Historian: History without Footnotes.” The Well Wrought Urn: Studies in the Structure of Poetry. 1947. San Diego. New York. London: Harcourt Brace, 1975.Crain, Caleb. American Sympathy: Men, Friendship, and Literature in the New Nation. New Haven: Yale UP, 2001.—————. “Melville’s Secrets.” Leviathan 14.3 (2012): 6-24.—————. “Lovers of Human Flesh: Homosexuality and Cannibalism in Melville’s Novels.” American Literature 66:1 (1994) 25-53.Coote, Stephen, editor. The Penguin Book of Homosexual Verse. Penguin, 1986.Emerson, Ralph Waldo. The Conduct of Life. Boston: Ticknor and Fields, 1860.—————————. The Early Lectures of Ralph Waldo Emerson. Vol. 2. Ed. Stephen E. Whicher, Robert E. Spiller, Wallace E. Williams. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1963.—————————. Essays. Boston: James Munroe and Co., 1841.Goldman, Stan. Melville’s Protest Theism: The Hidden and Silent God in Clarel. DeKalb, Illinois: Northern Illinois University Press, 1993.Howard, Leon. Herman Melville: A Biography. Berkeley and Los Angeles: U of California Press, 1967.Hawthorne, Nathaniel. Collected Novels. New York: Literary Classics of the United States, 1983.Kenny, Vincent. Herman Melville’s Clarel: A Spiritual Autobiography. Hamden: Archon Books, 1973.Mann, Thomas. Der Tod in Venedig. Berlin: S. Fischer, 1919.Martin, Robert K.. Hero, Captain, and Stranger: Male Friendship, Social Critique, and Literary Form in the Sea Novels of Herman Melville. Chapel Hill: The U of North Carolina P, 1986.Melville, Herman. Clarel: A Poem and Pilgrimage in the Holy Land. Evanston: Northwestern UP, 2008.———————. Moby-Dick. Ed. Hershel Parker, Harrison Hayford. New York: Norton, 2002.———————. Published Poems:Battle-Pieces, John Marr, Timoleon. Evanston & Chicago: Northwestern UP and The Newberry Library, 2009.———————. Redburn, White-Jacket, Moby-Dick. New York: Literary Classics of the United States, 1983.Milder, Robert. “‘The Ugly Socrates’: Melville, Hawthorne, and the Varieties of Homoerotic Experience.” Exiled Royalties: Melville and the Life We Imagine. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2009.Milton, John. Paradise Lost. New York & London: Norton, 2005.Morgenstern, Naomi. “The Remains of Friendship and the Ethics of Misreading: Melville, Emerson, Thoreau.” ESQ 57 (2011): 241-266.Pardes, Ilana. “Melville’s Song of Songs: Clarel as Aesthetic Pilgrimage.” Melville and Aesthetics. Ed. Samuel Otter, Geoffrey Sanborn. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2011.Parker, Hershel. “The Character of Vine in Melville’s Clarel.” Essays in Arts and Sciences 15 (1986): 91-113.Peña, Laura. “Beyond the Walls: The Politics of Intersubjective Universalism in Herman Melville’s Clarel.” Diss. U of Barcelona, 2013.Rosenberg, Warren. “‘Deeper Than Sappho’: Melville, Poetry, and the Erotic.” Modern Language Studies 14.1 (1984): 70-78.Sedgwick, Eve Kosofsky. Epistemology of the Closet. Berkeley: U of California P, 1990.Sealts, Merton M. Jr. Melville’s Reading. Columbia: U of South Carolina P, 1988.Shetley, Vernon. “Melville’s ‘After the Pleasure Party’: Venus and Virgin.” Papers on Language & Literature 25:5 (1989): 425-442.Thoreau, Henry D.. A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers. Ed. Carl F. Hovde, William L. Howarth, Elizabeth Hall Witherell. Princeton: Princeton UP, 1983.Watson Jr., Charles N.. “The Estrangement of Hawthorne and Melville.” The New England Quarterly 46:3 (1973): 380-402. zh_TW
