Publications-Theses
Article View/Open
Publication Export
-
題名 教師職涯發展抱負及專業發展動機之研究—以北京與台北為例
A Study on Teachers` Career Development Aspirations and Professional Development Motivations :Taking Beijing and Taipei for Example作者 王鑫
WANG, XIN貢獻者 郭昭佑
王鑫
WANG, XIN關鍵詞 教師專業發展
教師職涯發展抱負
教師專業發展動機
teachers` professional development
teachers` career development aspirations
teachers` professional development motivations日期 2020 上傳時間 2-Sep-2020 12:55:12 (UTC+8) 摘要 本研究圍繞「教師職涯發展抱負與專業發展動機」對北京與台北兩地的相關情形進行了研究和探討。立足於相關文獻的梳理以及整合探討,旨在探究如下問題:一、兩岸教師專業發展之制度及現況為何?二、北京及台北教師職涯發展抱負及專業發展動機之現況為何?三、不同背景變項在教師職涯發展抱負及專業發展動機間是否有顯著差異?四、北京及台北教師職涯發展抱負及專業發展動機是否有顯著差異?五、教師職涯發展抱負及專業發展動機的相關情形為何?六、形成兩地教師職涯發展抱負及專業發展動機的原因為何?經過後續對兩地的教師職涯發展抱負及專業發展動機之現狀進行了較為深入且細緻的探究,並通過量化及質性調查方法之結合使用,呈現兩面向在兩地間存在差異為何且試圖分析出與之相對應的原因。與此同時,立足數據分析,結合文獻探討及思考,提出些許建議力求可為後續兩地教師專業發展研究提供參考。研究結論詳述如下:一、北京教師職涯發展抱負呈顯著性二、兩地男性教師職涯發展抱負高於女性,女性專業發展動機高於男性三、不同年齡、婚姻狀況、教學年資在教師職涯發展抱負與專業發展動機面向無顯著性四、北京兼任班主任之教師職涯發展抱負低於其他教師五、台北兼任行政職務之教師職涯發展抱負高於其他教師六、北京一般大學畢業之教師職涯發展抱負高於其餘學歷背景之教師七、北京中、小型學校規模之教师職涯發展抱負顯著高於大型學校八、兩地教師職涯發展抱負與專業發展動機間有相關,但相關度較低綜合考慮研究所得數據及以往相關研究,整合後可將如上結論歸因為如下兩點:首先,外部環境及政策影響教師職涯發展抱負及專業發展動機。其次,教師職涯發展抱負在一定程度上會促進教師專業發展之態度。基於研究整體呈現出的情形及綜合考量,提出以下幾點建議:一、規範制度明確體系鼓勵教師職涯發展抱負二、加強培訓豐富形式激勵女性教師職涯發展抱負,調動男性教師專業發展動機三、細化教師工作責任劃分提升北京班主任教師及台北學科教師及導師之職涯發展抱負四、豐富教師學歷結構互相影響共同進步綜合發展五、穩定學校規模豐富教師教育背景促職涯發展抱負希望可以幫助兩地後續更好的維護教師職涯發展抱負,為教師提供更適切的幫助,更高效的進行教師專業發展。
This study focuses on A Study on Teachers` Career Development Aspirations and Professional Development Motivations.To explore the relevant situation in Beijing and Taipei. Based on the combing and integration of relevant literature, this paper aims to explore the following issues:1. What is the current situation and system of teachers` professionaldeveloppment on both sides of the Taiwan Strait?2. What are the current status of teachers` professional development aspirations and motivations in Beijing and Taipei?3. Is there a significant difference between different background variables inTeachers` professional development aspirations and motivation?4. Is there a significant difference between Beijing and Taipei in Teachers`professional development aspirations and motivations?5. What are the relevant situations of teachers` professional developmentambition and motivation?6. What are the reasons for the formation of teachers` professional development aspirations and motivations?Through the following in-depth and detailed exploration of the current situation of teachers` career development aspirations and professional development motivation in the two places, and through the combination of quantitative and qualitative survey methods, it shows why there are differences between the two sides and tries to analyze the corresponding reasons. At the same time, based on data analysis, combined with literature discussion and thinking, some suggestions are put forward to provide reference for the follow-up research on Teachers` professional development in the two places. The conclusions are as follows:1. Beijing Teachers` career development ambition is significant.2. Male teachers have higher career aspirations and higher professional development motivation than men.3. Different age, marital status and teaching years have no significant effect on Teachers` career development ambition and professional development motivation4. Beijing is less ambitious in career development than other teachers.5. The career development aspirations of teachers who are also in administrative positions in Taipei are higher than those of other teachers.6. Teachers graduated from Beijing General University have higher career development aspirations than those with other educational backgrounds.7. The teachers` career development ambition of small and medium-sized schools in Beijing is significantly higher than that of large schools.8. There is a correlation between teachers` career development ambition and professional development motivation, but the correlation is low.Based on the data and previous studies, the above conclusions can be attributed to the following two points: first, the external environment and policies affect teachers` career development aspirations and professional development motivation. Secondly, teachers` career development ambition will promote teachers` professional development to some extent.Based on the overall situation of the study and comprehensive consideration, the following suggestions are put forward:1. Standardizing the system, defining the system and encouraging teachers` career development aspirations.2. Strengthen training, enrich forms, encourage female teachers` career development ambition, and mobilize male teachers.3. Refine the division of teachers` responsibilities and enhance the career development aspirations of Beijing class teachers and Taipei subject teachers and tutors.4. Enriching the educational structure of teachers, influencing each other, making common progress and comprehensive development.5. Stabilizing school scale, enriching teacher education background and promoting career development aspirations.I hope it can help the two places to better maintain their career development aspirations, provide more appropriate help for teachers, and carry out teacher professional development more efficiently.參考文獻 丁鋼(2017)。基於技術的教學:如何重新定位教師角色。現代遠程教育研究, 3, 44-49。中、小學教育行政會議(1952)。中、小學教育行政會議。安徽教育,1,7。北京將實施中小學教師開放型教學實踐活動計劃(2016年4月)。新華網。取自http://big5.home.news.cn/gate/big5/education.news.cn/2016-04/29/c_128941869.htm石中英(1998)。當代知識的狀況與教師角色的轉換。教師教育研究,6,53-58。李珀(2014)。教師專業發展:策略與行動方案。台北市:高等教育。李崇愛(2010)。改革開放三十年我國中小學教師在職教育政策變革研究。(未出版之博士論文)。湖南大學,湖南。李先達(2016)。 「互聯網+教育」 時代的教師角色。教育觀察, 5(2),61-62。李棟(2018)。人工智慧時代教師專業發展特製的新定位。中國教育學刊,9, 87-95。李崇愛(2010)。改革開放三十年我國中小學教師在職教育政策變革研究。(未出版之博士論文)。湖南大學,湖南。李凝(2001)。當代教師角色的轉變趨勢。教育科學,18(2),51-52。宋曜廷(2011)。調查研究法在數位學習的應用。台北市:高等教育。何兆偉(2016)。教師學位進修問題與因應管道之探究。台灣教育評論月刊,5(5),57-62。吳清山(2010) 。師資培育研究。台北市:高等教育。吳清山(2018)。素養導向教師教育內涵建構及實踐之研究。教育科學研究期刊,63 (4),261-293。吳清基(2018)。幼兒園教師專業成長與師資培訓發展。 幼兒教育,326,12-19。吳遵民、秦潔、&張松齡 (2010)。我國教師繼續教育的回顧與展望。教師教育研究,22(2),1-8。吳明隆(2017)。SPSS操作與應用——問卷統計分析實務。台北市:五南出版。於天貞(2014)。從「主演」 到「導演」: 基礎教育翻轉課堂中教師角色轉換及其路徑。上海教育科研,5,49-52。於維濤、楊樂英(2018)。新世代教師專業發展面臨的問題與戰略選擇。教師教育研究,5,29-33。施又瑀、施喩琁(2019)。 務實的教師專業發展。台灣教育評論月刊,8(2),37-45。洪詠善(2019)。台灣課程改革脈絡中教師專業發展的回顧與展望。教育學報, 47(1), 49-69。郭丁熒(2006)。是 「連續」還是「斷裂」?~台灣小學教師角色變遷知覺之研究。師大學報:教育類,51(1) ,41-62。邱婕歆、吳連賞(2017)。從十二年國民基本教育課程綱要總綱再定位教師角色。教育學誌,38,1-123。金忠明(2008)。 教師教育的歷史、理論與實踐。上海市:上海教育出版社。馬乙玉(2016)。比較視域的教師繼續教育策略。繼續教育研究,7,91-93。馬夢婷、楊麗媛(2014)。網路環境下中小學教師繼續教育的困境與對策。吉林省教育學院學報:中旬,30(8),101-102。馬瑩(2012)。論教師信念的構成及其相互關係。首都師範大學學報(社會科學版),6,142-146.孫眾(2015)。 「互聯網+」時代教師的專業成長與教育創新。中小學資訊技術教育,10,21-23。荀淵(2013)。1949年以來我國教師教育的制度變遷。教師教育研究, 25(5), 1-5。陳士平(2017)。直面挑戰創新發展——我國成人學歷繼續教育的困境與出路。繼續教育,1,7-9。陳美玉(2002)。教師個人知識管理與專業發展。台北市: 學富文化。陳美玉(2008)。教師學習-有效教學的關鍵動力。課程與教學,11(1),173-191。陳嘉彌、鐘文鬱、楊承謙、柯瓊惠、謝元(譯)(2002)。專業發展評鑑。(原作者:Guskey, T. R.)。台北市:五南。陳麗華(2015)。 影響學生學業成就的教師因素實證研究述評。當代教育科,8, 30-33。孫惠利(2007)。教師自主專業發展問題的思考。中國成人教育,(2),95-96。孫眾(2015)。「互聯網+」時代教師的專業成長與教育創新。小學資訊技術育,10,21-23。黃河清(2002)。家庭教育與學校教育的比較研究。華東師範大學學報:教育科學版,20(2), 28-34。黃昭勳(2019)。 「打開教室, 看見專業」——教師公開授課之我見。台灣教育評論月刊, 8(7), 107-111。黃國彥(2000) 。教育大辭書。國家教育研究院雙語詞彙,學術名詞暨辭書資訊網。取自http://terms. naer. edu. tw/detail/1303274.黃鬱倫譯(佐藤學著)(2017)。邁向專家之路:教師教育改革的藍圖。台北市:高等教育文化事業有限公司。時偉(2003)。專業化視野下教師繼續教育的理論與實踐(未出版之博士論文)。華東師範大學,上海。秦俊巧(2017)。學區視角下教師繼續教育模式的發展路徑。繼續教育研究,7,98-100。唐玉光(1999)。教師專業發展的研究。全球教育展望,6,39-43。教育部史綱大事年表。取自http://history.moe.gov.tw/milestone.asp教育部(2012)。國務院辦公廳。國務院關於加強教師隊伍建設的意見。取自http://www.gov.cn/zwgk/2012-09/07/content_2218778.htm陶勤、白明亮(2010)。分級聘任制視野下的教師職務聘任制改革。高校教育管理,4(6),51-54。許紅梅(2014)。談當代教師的角色定位。教育探索,1,110-112。梁福鎮 (2006)。我國教師專業發展的現況, 問題與對策。教育科學期刊, 6 (2) .77-90。張志泉(2007)。論教師專業發展的反思性道路(未出版之碩士論文)。華東師範大學,上海。張國保(2019)。中小學教師專業學習社群的角色。台灣教育評論月刊, 8(3) 15-18。張德銳、郭淑芳(2011)。我國中小學教師專業發展實務與研究的問題與展望。師資培育與教師專業發展期刊,4(2),21-43。張潔平、朱成科(2015)。專業化是腳下的卓越教師專業發展階段再認識。現代中小學教育,5,98-101。張靜嫻(2016)。現當代教師專業自主發展的現狀分析和原因探究。考試週刊,4,16。張寶書(2007)。我國繼續教育的發展歷程研究。繼續教育研究,1,1-6。張媛(2011)。淺談教師動機現狀及影響因素。遼寧工業大學學報:社會科學版,13(3), 97-98。董江華(2007)。新中國小學教師職後教育發展研究(1949-2000)(未出版之碩士論文)。華東師範大學,上海。彭慰(1995)。圖書館學與資訊科學大辭典。取自http://terms.naer.edu.tw/detail/1680064/葉瀾(1998)。新世紀教師專業素養初探。教育研究與實驗,1(3),4。楊小燕(2019)。創新教師培訓學分管理,助推教師綜合素養提升。新課程導學,16,39。楊思偉、陳木金、張德銳、黃嘉莉、林政逸、陳盛賢、葉川榮(2015)。師資培育白皮書解說:理念與策略。台北市:心裡。楊思偉、陳盛賢(2012)。台灣教師教育政策改革分析。教師教育期刊, 1,132-152。楊翠娥(2011)。自我效能感:教師成長力的內在動因。教育探索,8,99-101。趙勇(2018)。走向核心素養培養: 教師角色的時代之變。教育現代化,6,50。熊治剛、伍嘉琪(2018)。落實公開授課,提升教師專業發展素質。 師友雙月刊, 609,52-57。蔡文伯、趙燕(2009)。改革開放以來我國教師專業發展的回顧與展望。教育探索,6,81-82。蔡安繕(2015)。我國中小學教師在職進修現況及其精進策略之探討。104校務經營個案研究實務研討會成國集,141-158。蔡麗紅、曾萍莉(2016)。台灣教師在職進修政策發展歷程及特色分析。中小學教師培訓,1,25-28。蔡麗紅、羅福益(2017)。台灣地區中小學教師在職進修現狀及問題反思。教育評論,9,70-74。蔡進雄(2017)。教師領導三層次的論述建構與省思。教師專業研究期刊,14,59-79。餘新、王婷(2018)。改革開放40年我過教師在職教育的回顧與前瞻。課程.教材.教法,7,4。潘麥玲(2017)。我國教師繼續教育模式的反思與重構。繼續教育研究,2,75-77。潘淑琦(2019)。面對十二年國教校長公開授課之實施與因應。學校行政, 121, 157-184。樊钊源、李茂粉(2020)。教師信念:概念、方法與相關研究簡述。大眾標準化,3。閻自安(2007)。台灣地區中小學教師進修的現況, 運作方式與未來發展。香港教師中心學報,6,162-178。劉玉振、牛超(2015)。中學教師繼續教育存在問題與發展策略。繼續教育研究,2,67-69。劉畅 (2018)。論教師信念。西部素質教育。5, 101,111.劉敏(2016)。我國台灣地區教師教育政策演變及發展策略。中國成人教育,2,118-121。劉鎮寧、吳子宏 、邱世傑(2015)。台灣與中國大陸國小教師專業發展政策與實施現況之分析研究。師資培育與教師專業發展期刊,8(3),53-75。劉濯源(2015)。教育4.0時代,教育技術的新變革。中國資訊技術教育,15, 143-144。盧乃桂、鐘亞妮(2006)。國際視野中的教師專業發展。比較教育研究,2,71-76。諾日布斯仁(2017)。教師參與繼續教育的困境與對策。高教探索,1,171-172。穆洪華(2016)。教師專業發展研究的現狀及趨勢。北京教育學院學報:社會科學版,30(6),17-24.譚春梅(2013)。論多維度教育訴求下教師專業發展的構建。中國成人教育,5, 110-112。饒見維(2003)。教師專業發展: 理論與實務。台北市:五南。顧明遠(2015)。核心素養: 課程改革的原動力。人民教育,13,17-18。顧明遠(1992)。教育大辭典。上海市:上海教育出版社。Akiba, M., & Liang, G. (2016). Effects of teacher professional learning activities on student achievement growth. The Journal of Educational Research, 109(1), 99-110.Avalos, B. (2011). Teacher professional development in teaching and teacher education over ten years. Teaching and teacher education, 27(1), 10-20.Avidov-Ungar, O. (2016). A model of professional development: teachers’ perceptions of their professional development. Teachers and Teaching, 22(6), 653-669.Barber, D. (2019). How to Make It Matter: Teacher Professional Development (Doctoral dissertation, Northeastern University).Beamish, E. (2019). What Types of Challenges are Teachers Facing with 21st Century Professional Development? (Doctoral dissertation, Dublin, National College of Ireland). Retrieved from http://trap.ncirl.ie/3929/1/emmabeamish.pdfCambone, J. (1994). Time for teachers in school restructuring. Systemic reform: Perspectives on personalizing education, 47-78.Carson, K., & Dawson, V. (2016). A teacher professional development model for teaching socioscientific issues. Teaching science, 62(1), 28.Cheung, R., Reinhardt, T., Stone, E., & Little, J. W. (2018). Defining teacher leadership: A framework. Phi Delta Kappan, 100(3), 38-44.Dinçer, Z. Ö., & Seferoğlu, G. (2018). Pre-service english teachers’ career development aspirations: Professional development and leadership. Kastamonu Education Journal, 26(6), 2033-2044.Durksen, T. L., Klassen, R. M., & Daniels, L. M. (2017). Motivation and collaboration: The keys to a developmental framework for teachers’ professional learning. Teaching and teacher education, 67, 53-66.Evans, L. (2011). The ‘shape’of teacher professionalism in England: Professional standards, performance management, professional development and the changes proposed in the 2010 White Paper. British educational research journal, 37(5), 851-870.Feiman,Nemser, S. (2001). From preparation to practice: Designing a continuum to strengthen and sustain teaching. Teachers College, 103(6), 1013-1055.Flores, L. Y., & O`brien, K. M. (2002). The career development of Mexican American adolescent women: A test of social cognitive career theory. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 49(1), 14.Neves de Jesus, S., & Lens, W. (2005). An integrated model for the study of teacher motivation. Applied Psychology, 54(1), 119-134.Gregor, M. A., & O’Brien, K. M. (2016). Understanding career aspirations among young women: Improving instrumentation. Journal of Career Assessment, 24(3), 559-572.Gibson, S., & Dembo, M. H. (1984). Teacher efficacy: A construct validation. Journal of educational psychology, 76(4), 569.Gray, M. P., & O`Brien, K. M. (2007). Advancing the assessment of women`s career choices: The Career Aspiration Scale. Journal of Career Assessment, 15(3), 317-337.Greenhaus, J. H. (1971). An investigation of the role of career salience in vocational behaviour. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 1, 209-216.Greenhaus, J. H. (1973). A factorial investigation of career salience. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 3(1), 95-98.Greenhaus,J.H.,&Sklarew,N.D.(1981).Some sources and consequences of career exploration.Journal of Vocational Behavior,18,1-12.Guihen, L. (2019). The career experiences and aspirations of women deputy head teachers. Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 47(4), 538-554.Guskey, T. R. (2002). Professional development and teacher change. Teachers and Teaching: Theory and practice, 8(3), 381-391.Han, J., & Yin, H. (2016). Teacher motivation: Definition, research development and implications for teachers. Cogent Education, 3(1), 1217819.Harwell, S. H. (2004). Teacher professional development: It’s not an event, it’s a process. Waco, TX: CORD., 21, 2004.Hoppe, A., & Fujishiro, K. (2015). Anticipated job benefits, career aspiration, and generalized self-efficacy as predictors for migration decision-making. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 47, 13-27.Howard, K. A., Carlstrom, A. H., Katz, A. D., Chew, A. Y., Ray, G. C., Laine, L., & Caulum, D. (2011). Career aspirations of youth: Untangling race/ethnicity, SES, and gender. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 79(1), 98-109.Kim, Y. H., O’Brien, K. M., & Kim, H. (2016). Measuring career aspirations across cultures: Using the career aspiration scale with young Korean women. Journal of Career Assessment, 24(3), 573-585.Kuckartz, U.(2010). Realizing mixed-methods approaches with MAXQDA. Philipps-Universität, Marburg.Lacey, K. (2003,1). Leadership aspirations in schools. Curriculum and Leadership Journal. Retrieved from http://www.curriculum.edu.au/leader/leadership_aspirations_in_schools,4624.html?issueID=969Liu, T., Shen, H., Chau, K. Y., & Wang, X. (2019). Measurement Scale Development and Validation of Female Employees’ Career Expectations in Mainland China. Sustainability, 11(10), 2932.McMillan, D. J., McConnell, B., & O’Sullivan, H. (2016). Continuing professional development–why bother? Perceptions and motivations of teachers in Ireland. Professional development in education, 42(1), 150-167.Ministry of Education Singaprore.(2012).New model for teachers’ professional develoopment launched. Retrieved from https://www.nas.gov.sg/archivesonline/data/pdfdoc/20120607003/press_release_tgm.pdfMorales, M. P. E. (2016). Participatory action research (PAR) cum action research (AR) in teacher professional development: A literature review. International Journal of Research in Education Science, 2(1), 156-165.OECD. (2016). PISA 2015 results (Volume I): Excellence and equity in education. Paris,France: Author.OECD.(2019). Student performance snapshot. Retrieved from https://www.oecd.org/pisa/PISA-results_CHINESE.pngO`Brien, K. M. (1996). The influence of psychological separation and parental attachment on the career development of adolescent women. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 48(3), 257-274.Ortlepp, K., & Allen, S. (2002). Conceptualising and operationalising work versus career salience. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 28(2), 7-14.Postholm, M. B. (2018). Teachers’ professional development in school: A review study. Cogent education, 5(1), 1522781.Reeves, T. D., & Lowenhaupt, R. J. (2016). Teachers as leaders: Pre-service teachers` aspirations and motivations. Teaching and Teacher Education, 57, 176-187.Reynolds, A. L., & Constantine, M. G. (2007). Cultural adjustment difficulties and career development of international college students. Journal of Career Assessment, 15(3), 338-350.Sharma, P., & Pandher, J. S. (2018). Teachers’ professional development throughteachers’ professional activities. Journal of Workplace Learning, 30(8), 613-625.Shekley, B., Kehrhahn, M., Bell, S., & Grenier, R. (2008). Trio: An Emerging Model of Adult Professional Learning. In Proceedings of the Adult Education Research Conference. https://newprairiepress.org/aerc/2008/roundtables/12.Sibanda, G. M. (2015). Motivations,Perceptions,Erceptions,And Aspirations Concerning Teaching As A Career in South Africa-The Story of University Studen Teachers,Journal of Global Intelligence & Policy, 8(14).Smith, J. (2015). Gendered trends in student teachers’ professional aspirations.Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 43(6), 861-882.Thomas, L. (2016). Aspirations for a master’s-level teaching profession in England. Professional Development in Education, 42(2), 218-234.Thoonen, E. E., Sleegers, P. J., Oort, F. J., Peetsma, T. T., & Geijsel, F. P. (2011). How to improve teaching practices: The role of teacher motivation, organizational factors, and leadership practices. Educational Administration Quarterly, 47(3), 496-536.Timperley, H., Wilson, A., Barrar, H., & Fung, I. (2008). Teacher professional learning and development.Tschannen-Moran, M., & Hoy, A. W. (2001). Teacher efficacy: Capturing an elusive construct. Teaching and teacher education, 17(7), 783-805.Tudor, I. (1993). Teacher roles in the learner-centred classroom. ELT journal, 47(1) , 22-31.UNESCO. (2018). World Teachers’ Day: Quality education requires well-trained teachers. Retrieved from https://iite.unesco.org/news/world-teachers-day-quality-education-requires-wewe-trained-teachers/U.S. Department of Education.(2017). Reimagining the Role of Technology in Education: 2017 National Education Technology Plan Update. Washington, DC: Author.Wenner, J. A., & Campbell, T. (2017). The theoretical and empirical basis of teacher leadership: A review of the literature. Review of educational research,87(1), 134-171.Watt, H. M., & Richardson, P. W. (2008). Motivations, perceptions, and aspirations concerning teaching as a career for different types of beginning teachers. Learning and instruction, 18(5), 408-428.Watt, H. M., Richardson, P. W., & Wilkins, K. (2014). Profiles of professional engagement and career development aspirations among USA preservice teachers. International Journal of Educational Research, 65, 23-40.Watt, H. M., Richardson, P. W., Klusmann, U., Kunter, M., Beyer, B., Trautwein, U., & Baumert, J. (2012). Motivations for choosing teaching as a career: An international comparison using the FIT-Choice scale. Teaching and Teacher Education, 28(6), 791-805.Whitehurst, G. J. (2002). Improving teacher quality (Symposium: Trends in Education Reform). Spectrum: Journal of State Government, 75(3), 12-16. 描述 碩士
國立政治大學
教育學系
107152016資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0107152016 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 郭昭佑 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) 王鑫 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) WANG, XIN en_US dc.creator (作者) 王鑫 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) WANG, XIN en_US dc.date (日期) 2020 en_US dc.date.accessioned 2-Sep-2020 12:55:12 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 2-Sep-2020 12:55:12 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 2-Sep-2020 12:55:12 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0107152016 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/131836 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 教育學系 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 107152016 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本研究圍繞「教師職涯發展抱負與專業發展動機」對北京與台北兩地的相關情形進行了研究和探討。立足於相關文獻的梳理以及整合探討,旨在探究如下問題:一、兩岸教師專業發展之制度及現況為何?二、北京及台北教師職涯發展抱負及專業發展動機之現況為何?三、不同背景變項在教師職涯發展抱負及專業發展動機間是否有顯著差異?四、北京及台北教師職涯發展抱負及專業發展動機是否有顯著差異?五、教師職涯發展抱負及專業發展動機的相關情形為何?六、形成兩地教師職涯發展抱負及專業發展動機的原因為何?經過後續對兩地的教師職涯發展抱負及專業發展動機之現狀進行了較為深入且細緻的探究,並通過量化及質性調查方法之結合使用,呈現兩面向在兩地間存在差異為何且試圖分析出與之相對應的原因。與此同時,立足數據分析,結合文獻探討及思考,提出些許建議力求可為後續兩地教師專業發展研究提供參考。研究結論詳述如下:一、北京教師職涯發展抱負呈顯著性二、兩地男性教師職涯發展抱負高於女性,女性專業發展動機高於男性三、不同年齡、婚姻狀況、教學年資在教師職涯發展抱負與專業發展動機面向無顯著性四、北京兼任班主任之教師職涯發展抱負低於其他教師五、台北兼任行政職務之教師職涯發展抱負高於其他教師六、北京一般大學畢業之教師職涯發展抱負高於其餘學歷背景之教師七、北京中、小型學校規模之教师職涯發展抱負顯著高於大型學校八、兩地教師職涯發展抱負與專業發展動機間有相關,但相關度較低綜合考慮研究所得數據及以往相關研究,整合後可將如上結論歸因為如下兩點:首先,外部環境及政策影響教師職涯發展抱負及專業發展動機。其次,教師職涯發展抱負在一定程度上會促進教師專業發展之態度。基於研究整體呈現出的情形及綜合考量,提出以下幾點建議:一、規範制度明確體系鼓勵教師職涯發展抱負二、加強培訓豐富形式激勵女性教師職涯發展抱負,調動男性教師專業發展動機三、細化教師工作責任劃分提升北京班主任教師及台北學科教師及導師之職涯發展抱負四、豐富教師學歷結構互相影響共同進步綜合發展五、穩定學校規模豐富教師教育背景促職涯發展抱負希望可以幫助兩地後續更好的維護教師職涯發展抱負,為教師提供更適切的幫助,更高效的進行教師專業發展。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) This study focuses on A Study on Teachers` Career Development Aspirations and Professional Development Motivations.To explore the relevant situation in Beijing and Taipei. Based on the combing and integration of relevant literature, this paper aims to explore the following issues:1. What is the current situation and system of teachers` professionaldeveloppment on both sides of the Taiwan Strait?2. What are the current status of teachers` professional development aspirations and motivations in Beijing and Taipei?3. Is there a significant difference between different background variables inTeachers` professional development aspirations and motivation?4. Is there a significant difference between Beijing and Taipei in Teachers`professional development aspirations and motivations?5. What are the relevant situations of teachers` professional developmentambition and motivation?6. What are the reasons for the formation of teachers` professional development aspirations and motivations?Through the following in-depth and detailed exploration of the current situation of teachers` career development aspirations and professional development motivation in the two places, and through the combination of quantitative and qualitative survey methods, it shows why there are differences between the two sides and tries to analyze the corresponding reasons. At the same time, based on data analysis, combined with literature discussion and thinking, some suggestions are put forward to provide reference for the follow-up research on Teachers` professional development in the two places. The conclusions are as follows:1. Beijing Teachers` career development ambition is significant.2. Male teachers have higher career aspirations and higher professional development motivation than men.3. Different age, marital status and teaching years have no significant effect on Teachers` career development ambition and professional development motivation4. Beijing is less ambitious in career development than other teachers.5. The career development aspirations of teachers who are also in administrative positions in Taipei are higher than those of other teachers.6. Teachers graduated from Beijing General University have higher career development aspirations than those with other educational backgrounds.7. The teachers` career development ambition of small and medium-sized schools in Beijing is significantly higher than that of large schools.8. There is a correlation between teachers` career development ambition and professional development motivation, but the correlation is low.Based on the data and previous studies, the above conclusions can be attributed to the following two points: first, the external environment and policies affect teachers` career development aspirations and professional development motivation. Secondly, teachers` career development ambition will promote teachers` professional development to some extent.Based on the overall situation of the study and comprehensive consideration, the following suggestions are put forward:1. Standardizing the system, defining the system and encouraging teachers` career development aspirations.2. Strengthen training, enrich forms, encourage female teachers` career development ambition, and mobilize male teachers.3. Refine the division of teachers` responsibilities and enhance the career development aspirations of Beijing class teachers and Taipei subject teachers and tutors.4. Enriching the educational structure of teachers, influencing each other, making common progress and comprehensive development.5. Stabilizing school scale, enriching teacher education background and promoting career development aspirations.I hope it can help the two places to better maintain their career development aspirations, provide more appropriate help for teachers, and carry out teacher professional development more efficiently. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論 5第一節 研究動機 5第二節 研究目的與待答問題 10第三節 名詞解釋 12第四節 研究方法與步驟 13第五節 研究範圍與限制 16第二章 文獻探討 18第一節 教師專業發展的相關概念 18第二節 教師職涯發展抱負與專業發展動機 29第三節 中國大陸教師專業發展現況 37第四節 台灣教師專業發展現況 50第三章 研究設計與實施 60第一節 研究架構與研究假設 60第二節 研究對象 61第三節 研究工具 63第四節 實施程序 69第五節 資料處理與分析 70第四章 研究結果與討論 73第一節 北京及台北教師職涯發展抱負及專業發展動機現狀之現況分析 74第二節 不同背景變項在職涯發展抱負及專業發展動機之差異分析 75第三節 北京及台北教師職涯發展抱負及專業發展動機之相關情形 89第五章 研究結論與建議 94參考文獻 100附錄 113 zh_TW dc.format.extent 2622485 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0107152016 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 教師專業發展 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 教師職涯發展抱負 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 教師專業發展動機 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) teachers` professional development en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) teachers` career development aspirations en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) teachers` professional development motivations en_US dc.title (題名) 教師職涯發展抱負及專業發展動機之研究—以北京與台北為例 zh_TW dc.title (題名) A Study on Teachers` Career Development Aspirations and Professional Development Motivations :Taking Beijing and Taipei for Example en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 丁鋼(2017)。基於技術的教學:如何重新定位教師角色。現代遠程教育研究, 3, 44-49。中、小學教育行政會議(1952)。中、小學教育行政會議。安徽教育,1,7。北京將實施中小學教師開放型教學實踐活動計劃(2016年4月)。新華網。取自http://big5.home.news.cn/gate/big5/education.news.cn/2016-04/29/c_128941869.htm石中英(1998)。當代知識的狀況與教師角色的轉換。教師教育研究,6,53-58。李珀(2014)。教師專業發展:策略與行動方案。台北市:高等教育。李崇愛(2010)。改革開放三十年我國中小學教師在職教育政策變革研究。(未出版之博士論文)。湖南大學,湖南。李先達(2016)。 「互聯網+教育」 時代的教師角色。教育觀察, 5(2),61-62。李棟(2018)。人工智慧時代教師專業發展特製的新定位。中國教育學刊,9, 87-95。李崇愛(2010)。改革開放三十年我國中小學教師在職教育政策變革研究。(未出版之博士論文)。湖南大學,湖南。李凝(2001)。當代教師角色的轉變趨勢。教育科學,18(2),51-52。宋曜廷(2011)。調查研究法在數位學習的應用。台北市:高等教育。何兆偉(2016)。教師學位進修問題與因應管道之探究。台灣教育評論月刊,5(5),57-62。吳清山(2010) 。師資培育研究。台北市:高等教育。吳清山(2018)。素養導向教師教育內涵建構及實踐之研究。教育科學研究期刊,63 (4),261-293。吳清基(2018)。幼兒園教師專業成長與師資培訓發展。 幼兒教育,326,12-19。吳遵民、秦潔、&張松齡 (2010)。我國教師繼續教育的回顧與展望。教師教育研究,22(2),1-8。吳明隆(2017)。SPSS操作與應用——問卷統計分析實務。台北市:五南出版。於天貞(2014)。從「主演」 到「導演」: 基礎教育翻轉課堂中教師角色轉換及其路徑。上海教育科研,5,49-52。於維濤、楊樂英(2018)。新世代教師專業發展面臨的問題與戰略選擇。教師教育研究,5,29-33。施又瑀、施喩琁(2019)。 務實的教師專業發展。台灣教育評論月刊,8(2),37-45。洪詠善(2019)。台灣課程改革脈絡中教師專業發展的回顧與展望。教育學報, 47(1), 49-69。郭丁熒(2006)。是 「連續」還是「斷裂」?~台灣小學教師角色變遷知覺之研究。師大學報:教育類,51(1) ,41-62。邱婕歆、吳連賞(2017)。從十二年國民基本教育課程綱要總綱再定位教師角色。教育學誌,38,1-123。金忠明(2008)。 教師教育的歷史、理論與實踐。上海市:上海教育出版社。馬乙玉(2016)。比較視域的教師繼續教育策略。繼續教育研究,7,91-93。馬夢婷、楊麗媛(2014)。網路環境下中小學教師繼續教育的困境與對策。吉林省教育學院學報:中旬,30(8),101-102。馬瑩(2012)。論教師信念的構成及其相互關係。首都師範大學學報(社會科學版),6,142-146.孫眾(2015)。 「互聯網+」時代教師的專業成長與教育創新。中小學資訊技術教育,10,21-23。荀淵(2013)。1949年以來我國教師教育的制度變遷。教師教育研究, 25(5), 1-5。陳士平(2017)。直面挑戰創新發展——我國成人學歷繼續教育的困境與出路。繼續教育,1,7-9。陳美玉(2002)。教師個人知識管理與專業發展。台北市: 學富文化。陳美玉(2008)。教師學習-有效教學的關鍵動力。課程與教學,11(1),173-191。陳嘉彌、鐘文鬱、楊承謙、柯瓊惠、謝元(譯)(2002)。專業發展評鑑。(原作者:Guskey, T. R.)。台北市:五南。陳麗華(2015)。 影響學生學業成就的教師因素實證研究述評。當代教育科,8, 30-33。孫惠利(2007)。教師自主專業發展問題的思考。中國成人教育,(2),95-96。孫眾(2015)。「互聯網+」時代教師的專業成長與教育創新。小學資訊技術育,10,21-23。黃河清(2002)。家庭教育與學校教育的比較研究。華東師範大學學報:教育科學版,20(2), 28-34。黃昭勳(2019)。 「打開教室, 看見專業」——教師公開授課之我見。台灣教育評論月刊, 8(7), 107-111。黃國彥(2000) 。教育大辭書。國家教育研究院雙語詞彙,學術名詞暨辭書資訊網。取自http://terms. naer. edu. tw/detail/1303274.黃鬱倫譯(佐藤學著)(2017)。邁向專家之路:教師教育改革的藍圖。台北市:高等教育文化事業有限公司。時偉(2003)。專業化視野下教師繼續教育的理論與實踐(未出版之博士論文)。華東師範大學,上海。秦俊巧(2017)。學區視角下教師繼續教育模式的發展路徑。繼續教育研究,7,98-100。唐玉光(1999)。教師專業發展的研究。全球教育展望,6,39-43。教育部史綱大事年表。取自http://history.moe.gov.tw/milestone.asp教育部(2012)。國務院辦公廳。國務院關於加強教師隊伍建設的意見。取自http://www.gov.cn/zwgk/2012-09/07/content_2218778.htm陶勤、白明亮(2010)。分級聘任制視野下的教師職務聘任制改革。高校教育管理,4(6),51-54。許紅梅(2014)。談當代教師的角色定位。教育探索,1,110-112。梁福鎮 (2006)。我國教師專業發展的現況, 問題與對策。教育科學期刊, 6 (2) .77-90。張志泉(2007)。論教師專業發展的反思性道路(未出版之碩士論文)。華東師範大學,上海。張國保(2019)。中小學教師專業學習社群的角色。台灣教育評論月刊, 8(3) 15-18。張德銳、郭淑芳(2011)。我國中小學教師專業發展實務與研究的問題與展望。師資培育與教師專業發展期刊,4(2),21-43。張潔平、朱成科(2015)。專業化是腳下的卓越教師專業發展階段再認識。現代中小學教育,5,98-101。張靜嫻(2016)。現當代教師專業自主發展的現狀分析和原因探究。考試週刊,4,16。張寶書(2007)。我國繼續教育的發展歷程研究。繼續教育研究,1,1-6。張媛(2011)。淺談教師動機現狀及影響因素。遼寧工業大學學報:社會科學版,13(3), 97-98。董江華(2007)。新中國小學教師職後教育發展研究(1949-2000)(未出版之碩士論文)。華東師範大學,上海。彭慰(1995)。圖書館學與資訊科學大辭典。取自http://terms.naer.edu.tw/detail/1680064/葉瀾(1998)。新世紀教師專業素養初探。教育研究與實驗,1(3),4。楊小燕(2019)。創新教師培訓學分管理,助推教師綜合素養提升。新課程導學,16,39。楊思偉、陳木金、張德銳、黃嘉莉、林政逸、陳盛賢、葉川榮(2015)。師資培育白皮書解說:理念與策略。台北市:心裡。楊思偉、陳盛賢(2012)。台灣教師教育政策改革分析。教師教育期刊, 1,132-152。楊翠娥(2011)。自我效能感:教師成長力的內在動因。教育探索,8,99-101。趙勇(2018)。走向核心素養培養: 教師角色的時代之變。教育現代化,6,50。熊治剛、伍嘉琪(2018)。落實公開授課,提升教師專業發展素質。 師友雙月刊, 609,52-57。蔡文伯、趙燕(2009)。改革開放以來我國教師專業發展的回顧與展望。教育探索,6,81-82。蔡安繕(2015)。我國中小學教師在職進修現況及其精進策略之探討。104校務經營個案研究實務研討會成國集,141-158。蔡麗紅、曾萍莉(2016)。台灣教師在職進修政策發展歷程及特色分析。中小學教師培訓,1,25-28。蔡麗紅、羅福益(2017)。台灣地區中小學教師在職進修現狀及問題反思。教育評論,9,70-74。蔡進雄(2017)。教師領導三層次的論述建構與省思。教師專業研究期刊,14,59-79。餘新、王婷(2018)。改革開放40年我過教師在職教育的回顧與前瞻。課程.教材.教法,7,4。潘麥玲(2017)。我國教師繼續教育模式的反思與重構。繼續教育研究,2,75-77。潘淑琦(2019)。面對十二年國教校長公開授課之實施與因應。學校行政, 121, 157-184。樊钊源、李茂粉(2020)。教師信念:概念、方法與相關研究簡述。大眾標準化,3。閻自安(2007)。台灣地區中小學教師進修的現況, 運作方式與未來發展。香港教師中心學報,6,162-178。劉玉振、牛超(2015)。中學教師繼續教育存在問題與發展策略。繼續教育研究,2,67-69。劉畅 (2018)。論教師信念。西部素質教育。5, 101,111.劉敏(2016)。我國台灣地區教師教育政策演變及發展策略。中國成人教育,2,118-121。劉鎮寧、吳子宏 、邱世傑(2015)。台灣與中國大陸國小教師專業發展政策與實施現況之分析研究。師資培育與教師專業發展期刊,8(3),53-75。劉濯源(2015)。教育4.0時代,教育技術的新變革。中國資訊技術教育,15, 143-144。盧乃桂、鐘亞妮(2006)。國際視野中的教師專業發展。比較教育研究,2,71-76。諾日布斯仁(2017)。教師參與繼續教育的困境與對策。高教探索,1,171-172。穆洪華(2016)。教師專業發展研究的現狀及趨勢。北京教育學院學報:社會科學版,30(6),17-24.譚春梅(2013)。論多維度教育訴求下教師專業發展的構建。中國成人教育,5, 110-112。饒見維(2003)。教師專業發展: 理論與實務。台北市:五南。顧明遠(2015)。核心素養: 課程改革的原動力。人民教育,13,17-18。顧明遠(1992)。教育大辭典。上海市:上海教育出版社。Akiba, M., & Liang, G. (2016). Effects of teacher professional learning activities on student achievement growth. The Journal of Educational Research, 109(1), 99-110.Avalos, B. (2011). Teacher professional development in teaching and teacher education over ten years. Teaching and teacher education, 27(1), 10-20.Avidov-Ungar, O. (2016). A model of professional development: teachers’ perceptions of their professional development. Teachers and Teaching, 22(6), 653-669.Barber, D. (2019). How to Make It Matter: Teacher Professional Development (Doctoral dissertation, Northeastern University).Beamish, E. (2019). What Types of Challenges are Teachers Facing with 21st Century Professional Development? (Doctoral dissertation, Dublin, National College of Ireland). Retrieved from http://trap.ncirl.ie/3929/1/emmabeamish.pdfCambone, J. (1994). Time for teachers in school restructuring. Systemic reform: Perspectives on personalizing education, 47-78.Carson, K., & Dawson, V. (2016). A teacher professional development model for teaching socioscientific issues. Teaching science, 62(1), 28.Cheung, R., Reinhardt, T., Stone, E., & Little, J. W. (2018). Defining teacher leadership: A framework. Phi Delta Kappan, 100(3), 38-44.Dinçer, Z. Ö., & Seferoğlu, G. (2018). Pre-service english teachers’ career development aspirations: Professional development and leadership. Kastamonu Education Journal, 26(6), 2033-2044.Durksen, T. L., Klassen, R. M., & Daniels, L. M. (2017). Motivation and collaboration: The keys to a developmental framework for teachers’ professional learning. Teaching and teacher education, 67, 53-66.Evans, L. (2011). The ‘shape’of teacher professionalism in England: Professional standards, performance management, professional development and the changes proposed in the 2010 White Paper. British educational research journal, 37(5), 851-870.Feiman,Nemser, S. (2001). From preparation to practice: Designing a continuum to strengthen and sustain teaching. Teachers College, 103(6), 1013-1055.Flores, L. Y., & O`brien, K. M. (2002). The career development of Mexican American adolescent women: A test of social cognitive career theory. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 49(1), 14.Neves de Jesus, S., & Lens, W. (2005). An integrated model for the study of teacher motivation. Applied Psychology, 54(1), 119-134.Gregor, M. A., & O’Brien, K. M. (2016). Understanding career aspirations among young women: Improving instrumentation. Journal of Career Assessment, 24(3), 559-572.Gibson, S., & Dembo, M. H. (1984). Teacher efficacy: A construct validation. Journal of educational psychology, 76(4), 569.Gray, M. P., & O`Brien, K. M. (2007). Advancing the assessment of women`s career choices: The Career Aspiration Scale. Journal of Career Assessment, 15(3), 317-337.Greenhaus, J. H. (1971). An investigation of the role of career salience in vocational behaviour. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 1, 209-216.Greenhaus, J. H. (1973). A factorial investigation of career salience. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 3(1), 95-98.Greenhaus,J.H.,&Sklarew,N.D.(1981).Some sources and consequences of career exploration.Journal of Vocational Behavior,18,1-12.Guihen, L. (2019). The career experiences and aspirations of women deputy head teachers. Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 47(4), 538-554.Guskey, T. R. (2002). Professional development and teacher change. Teachers and Teaching: Theory and practice, 8(3), 381-391.Han, J., & Yin, H. (2016). Teacher motivation: Definition, research development and implications for teachers. Cogent Education, 3(1), 1217819.Harwell, S. H. (2004). Teacher professional development: It’s not an event, it’s a process. Waco, TX: CORD., 21, 2004.Hoppe, A., & Fujishiro, K. (2015). Anticipated job benefits, career aspiration, and generalized self-efficacy as predictors for migration decision-making. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 47, 13-27.Howard, K. A., Carlstrom, A. H., Katz, A. D., Chew, A. Y., Ray, G. C., Laine, L., & Caulum, D. (2011). Career aspirations of youth: Untangling race/ethnicity, SES, and gender. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 79(1), 98-109.Kim, Y. H., O’Brien, K. M., & Kim, H. (2016). Measuring career aspirations across cultures: Using the career aspiration scale with young Korean women. Journal of Career Assessment, 24(3), 573-585.Kuckartz, U.(2010). Realizing mixed-methods approaches with MAXQDA. Philipps-Universität, Marburg.Lacey, K. (2003,1). Leadership aspirations in schools. Curriculum and Leadership Journal. Retrieved from http://www.curriculum.edu.au/leader/leadership_aspirations_in_schools,4624.html?issueID=969Liu, T., Shen, H., Chau, K. Y., & Wang, X. (2019). Measurement Scale Development and Validation of Female Employees’ Career Expectations in Mainland China. Sustainability, 11(10), 2932.McMillan, D. J., McConnell, B., & O’Sullivan, H. (2016). Continuing professional development–why bother? Perceptions and motivations of teachers in Ireland. Professional development in education, 42(1), 150-167.Ministry of Education Singaprore.(2012).New model for teachers’ professional develoopment launched. Retrieved from https://www.nas.gov.sg/archivesonline/data/pdfdoc/20120607003/press_release_tgm.pdfMorales, M. P. E. (2016). Participatory action research (PAR) cum action research (AR) in teacher professional development: A literature review. International Journal of Research in Education Science, 2(1), 156-165.OECD. (2016). PISA 2015 results (Volume I): Excellence and equity in education. Paris,France: Author.OECD.(2019). Student performance snapshot. Retrieved from https://www.oecd.org/pisa/PISA-results_CHINESE.pngO`Brien, K. M. (1996). The influence of psychological separation and parental attachment on the career development of adolescent women. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 48(3), 257-274.Ortlepp, K., & Allen, S. (2002). Conceptualising and operationalising work versus career salience. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 28(2), 7-14.Postholm, M. B. (2018). Teachers’ professional development in school: A review study. Cogent education, 5(1), 1522781.Reeves, T. D., & Lowenhaupt, R. J. (2016). Teachers as leaders: Pre-service teachers` aspirations and motivations. Teaching and Teacher Education, 57, 176-187.Reynolds, A. L., & Constantine, M. G. (2007). Cultural adjustment difficulties and career development of international college students. Journal of Career Assessment, 15(3), 338-350.Sharma, P., & Pandher, J. S. (2018). Teachers’ professional development throughteachers’ professional activities. Journal of Workplace Learning, 30(8), 613-625.Shekley, B., Kehrhahn, M., Bell, S., & Grenier, R. (2008). Trio: An Emerging Model of Adult Professional Learning. In Proceedings of the Adult Education Research Conference. https://newprairiepress.org/aerc/2008/roundtables/12.Sibanda, G. M. (2015). Motivations,Perceptions,Erceptions,And Aspirations Concerning Teaching As A Career in South Africa-The Story of University Studen Teachers,Journal of Global Intelligence & Policy, 8(14).Smith, J. (2015). Gendered trends in student teachers’ professional aspirations.Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 43(6), 861-882.Thomas, L. (2016). Aspirations for a master’s-level teaching profession in England. Professional Development in Education, 42(2), 218-234.Thoonen, E. E., Sleegers, P. J., Oort, F. J., Peetsma, T. T., & Geijsel, F. P. (2011). How to improve teaching practices: The role of teacher motivation, organizational factors, and leadership practices. Educational Administration Quarterly, 47(3), 496-536.Timperley, H., Wilson, A., Barrar, H., & Fung, I. (2008). Teacher professional learning and development.Tschannen-Moran, M., & Hoy, A. W. (2001). Teacher efficacy: Capturing an elusive construct. Teaching and teacher education, 17(7), 783-805.Tudor, I. (1993). Teacher roles in the learner-centred classroom. ELT journal, 47(1) , 22-31.UNESCO. (2018). World Teachers’ Day: Quality education requires well-trained teachers. Retrieved from https://iite.unesco.org/news/world-teachers-day-quality-education-requires-wewe-trained-teachers/U.S. Department of Education.(2017). Reimagining the Role of Technology in Education: 2017 National Education Technology Plan Update. Washington, DC: Author.Wenner, J. A., & Campbell, T. (2017). The theoretical and empirical basis of teacher leadership: A review of the literature. Review of educational research,87(1), 134-171.Watt, H. M., & Richardson, P. W. (2008). Motivations, perceptions, and aspirations concerning teaching as a career for different types of beginning teachers. Learning and instruction, 18(5), 408-428.Watt, H. M., Richardson, P. W., & Wilkins, K. (2014). Profiles of professional engagement and career development aspirations among USA preservice teachers. International Journal of Educational Research, 65, 23-40.Watt, H. M., Richardson, P. W., Klusmann, U., Kunter, M., Beyer, B., Trautwein, U., & Baumert, J. (2012). Motivations for choosing teaching as a career: An international comparison using the FIT-Choice scale. Teaching and Teacher Education, 28(6), 791-805.Whitehurst, G. J. (2002). Improving teacher quality (Symposium: Trends in Education Reform). Spectrum: Journal of State Government, 75(3), 12-16. zh_TW dc.identifier.doi (DOI) 10.6814/NCCU202001322 en_US