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題名 埃及的正式與非正式婚姻：法律、宗教與社會分析
Formal and Informal Marriage in Egypt: A Legal, Religious, and Social Analysis作者 蕭安育
Hsiao, An-Yu貢獻者 王經仁
Wang, Ching-Jen
蕭安育
Hsiao, An-Yu關鍵詞 埃及婚姻制度
Nikāḥ ‘Urfī
Nikāḥ Misyār
伊斯蘭教法
非正式婚姻
性別權力
Egyptian marriage system
Nikāḥ ‘Urfī
Nikāḥ Misyār
Islamic law
Informal marriage
Gender power relations日期 2026 上傳時間 2-Mar-2026 13:36:02 (UTC+8) 摘要 以埃及婚姻制度為核心，本文探討正式婚姻與兩種當代非正式婚姻形式 Nikāḥ ‘Urfī 與 Nikāḥ Misyār 在法律、宗教與社會層面的制度定位與互動關係。研究旨在釐清伊斯蘭婚姻在《古蘭經》、聖訓與伊斯蘭教法（Sharī‘ah）中的規範基礎，並分析埃及婚姻制度如何在宗教傳統與現代國家法制之間調整與運作。 首先回顧伊斯蘭婚姻的契約性質與倫理原則，指出婚姻兼具宗教義務與法律契約之雙重意涵。其次梳理埃及近代婚姻法發展脈絡，特別聚焦西元 2000 年後《個人身分法》改革對婚姻登記與離婚程序的制度調整，呈現國家如何在維持伊斯蘭法正當性的前提下推動制度化與程序化改革。 在此制度背景下，進一步分析 Nikāḥ ‘Urfī 與 Nikāḥ Misyār 的形成與實務運作。Nikāḥ ‘Urfī 多為未登記之私人契約，雖具宗教合法性，卻因缺乏國家承認，使女性在財產、扶養與子女身分認定上承受高度風險。Nikāḥ Misyār 則涉及權利預先讓渡與分居安排，其法學定位存在爭議，並可能加劇婚姻中的性別不對等。兩者皆顯示宗教規範、國家法律與社會現實之間的制度縫隙。 分析指出，非正式婚姻的持續存在與經濟壓力、婚姻成本、社會階層與性別權力結構密切相關。儘管法律改革強化了國家對婚姻與離婚程序的監督，非正式婚姻的制度定位仍然模糊，使女性與子女權益保障面臨結構性限制。正式與非正式婚姻制度之並存，反映伊斯蘭婚姻規範在現代國家法制下的調適過程；相關爭議亦成為當代家庭法改革與性別權力再分配的重要縮影。
This study examines the marriage system in Egypt, focusing on the interaction between formal marriage and two contemporary forms of informal marriage: Nikāḥ ‘Urfī and Nikāḥ Misyār. It clarifies the normative foundations of Islamic marriage as articulated in the Qur’an, the Ḥadīth, and Islamic law (Sharī‘ah), and analyzes how the Egyptian marriage system operates between religious tradition and modern state law. The discussion revisits the contractual and ethical foundations of Islamic marriage, emphasizing its dual character as both religious obligation and legal contract. It then traces the development of Egyptian family law, with particular attention to post-2000 reforms on marriage registration and divorce procedures, showing how the state has sought to institutionalize regulation while preserving Islamic legal legitimacy. Within this framework, the formation and operation of Nikāḥ ‘Urfī and Nikāḥ Misyār are examined. Nikāḥ ‘Urfī, often conducted as an unregistered private contract, may satisfy religious requirements but lacks state recognition, exposing women to risks concerning property, maintenance, and child lineage. Nikāḥ Misyār involves negotiated waivers of marital rights and non-cohabitation arrangements; its juristic status remains contested and may reinforce gender asymmetries. Both forms reveal structural gaps between religious validity, legal recognition, and social practice. The persistence of informal marriage is closely linked to economic pressures, rising marriage costs, social stratification, and gendered power relations. Although legal reforms have strengthened state oversight, the ambiguous status of informal marriage continues to generate vulnerabilities, particularly for women and children. 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Retrieved January 4, 2026, from https://youssrysaleh.com/en/egypts-personal-status-law-2025/ 描述 碩士
國立政治大學
中東與中亞研究碩士學位學程
108560002資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0108560002 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 王經仁 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Wang, Ching-Jen en_US dc.contributor.author (Authors) 蕭安育 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Hsiao, An-Yu en_US dc.creator (作者) 蕭安育 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Hsiao, An-Yu en_US dc.date (日期) 2026 en_US dc.date.accessioned 2-Mar-2026 13:36:02 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 2-Mar-2026 13:36:02 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 2-Mar-2026 13:36:02 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0108560002 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/161929 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 中東與中亞研究碩士學位學程 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 108560002 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 以埃及婚姻制度為核心，本文探討正式婚姻與兩種當代非正式婚姻形式 Nikāḥ ‘Urfī 與 Nikāḥ Misyār 在法律、宗教與社會層面的制度定位與互動關係。研究旨在釐清伊斯蘭婚姻在《古蘭經》、聖訓與伊斯蘭教法（Sharī‘ah）中的規範基礎，並分析埃及婚姻制度如何在宗教傳統與現代國家法制之間調整與運作。 首先回顧伊斯蘭婚姻的契約性質與倫理原則，指出婚姻兼具宗教義務與法律契約之雙重意涵。其次梳理埃及近代婚姻法發展脈絡，特別聚焦西元 2000 年後《個人身分法》改革對婚姻登記與離婚程序的制度調整，呈現國家如何在維持伊斯蘭法正當性的前提下推動制度化與程序化改革。 在此制度背景下，進一步分析 Nikāḥ ‘Urfī 與 Nikāḥ Misyār 的形成與實務運作。Nikāḥ ‘Urfī 多為未登記之私人契約，雖具宗教合法性，卻因缺乏國家承認，使女性在財產、扶養與子女身分認定上承受高度風險。Nikāḥ Misyār 則涉及權利預先讓渡與分居安排，其法學定位存在爭議，並可能加劇婚姻中的性別不對等。兩者皆顯示宗教規範、國家法律與社會現實之間的制度縫隙。 分析指出，非正式婚姻的持續存在與經濟壓力、婚姻成本、社會階層與性別權力結構密切相關。儘管法律改革強化了國家對婚姻與離婚程序的監督，非正式婚姻的制度定位仍然模糊，使女性與子女權益保障面臨結構性限制。正式與非正式婚姻制度之並存，反映伊斯蘭婚姻規範在現代國家法制下的調適過程；相關爭議亦成為當代家庭法改革與性別權力再分配的重要縮影。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) This study examines the marriage system in Egypt, focusing on the interaction between formal marriage and two contemporary forms of informal marriage: Nikāḥ ‘Urfī and Nikāḥ Misyār. It clarifies the normative foundations of Islamic marriage as articulated in the Qur’an, the Ḥadīth, and Islamic law (Sharī‘ah), and analyzes how the Egyptian marriage system operates between religious tradition and modern state law. The discussion revisits the contractual and ethical foundations of Islamic marriage, emphasizing its dual character as both religious obligation and legal contract. It then traces the development of Egyptian family law, with particular attention to post-2000 reforms on marriage registration and divorce procedures, showing how the state has sought to institutionalize regulation while preserving Islamic legal legitimacy. Within this framework, the formation and operation of Nikāḥ ‘Urfī and Nikāḥ Misyār are examined. Nikāḥ ‘Urfī, often conducted as an unregistered private contract, may satisfy religious requirements but lacks state recognition, exposing women to risks concerning property, maintenance, and child lineage. Nikāḥ Misyār involves negotiated waivers of marital rights and non-cohabitation arrangements; its juristic status remains contested and may reinforce gender asymmetries. Both forms reveal structural gaps between religious validity, legal recognition, and social practice. The persistence of informal marriage is closely linked to economic pressures, rising marriage costs, social stratification, and gendered power relations. Although legal reforms have strengthened state oversight, the ambiguous status of informal marriage continues to generate vulnerabilities, particularly for women and children. The coexistence of formal and informal marriage reflects ongoing tensions in contemporary Islamic family law reform. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論 1 第一節 前言 1 第二節 研究目的及問題 4 第三節 研究方法 6 第四節 文獻回顧 8 第五節 研究範圍及限制 19 第二章 伊斯蘭婚姻概述 21 第一節 《古蘭經》中對婚姻的規範 21 第二節 聖訓中對婚姻的規範 31 第三節 伊斯蘭教法對婚姻的規範 41 第四節 小結 45 第三章 埃及的婚姻制度：法律、宗教與社會背景 46 第一節 埃及的婚姻制度與法律框架 46 第二節 西元 2000 年後的《個人身分法》改革 55 第三節 小結 61 第四章 Nikāḥ ‘Urfī 與 Nikāḥ Misyār 62 第一節 臨時與非正式婚姻的概念與起源 62 第二節 當代實務運作 70 第三節 非正式婚姻的社會分布與接受度 74 第四節 社會實踐與性別影響 79 第五節 小結 84 第五章 結論 86 第一節 研究發現回顧 86 第二節 研究問題之綜合回應 89 第三節 制度意涵與性別權力的整體觀察 91 第四節 研究限制與可能延伸 92 參考文獻 93 附錄一：本文引用之聖訓註釋對照表 103 附錄二：阿拉伯文字母與羅馬拼音對照表 113 zh_TW dc.format.extent 2089133 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0108560002 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 埃及婚姻制度 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Nikāḥ ‘Urfī zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Nikāḥ Misyār zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 伊斯蘭教法 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 非正式婚姻 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 性別權力 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Egyptian marriage system en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Nikāḥ ‘Urfī en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Nikāḥ Misyār en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Islamic law en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Informal marriage en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Gender power relations en_US dc.title (題名) 埃及的正式與非正式婚姻：法律、宗教與社會分析 zh_TW dc.title (題名) Formal and Informal Marriage in Egypt: A Legal, Religious, and Social Analysis en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 一、中文部分： 林長寬（2000）。〈古典穆斯林的性愛觀〉。《歷史月刊》，151，63-71。 林長寬（2018）。〈女人形塑伊斯蘭？——論穆斯林女權與女性主義之改革〉。《新世紀宗教研究》，16（3），1-64。 高占福（1984）。〈伊斯蘭教婚姻制度與回族婚姻習俗的研究〉。《寧夏社會科學》，（4），24-33。 徐國棟（2008）。《1948 年〈埃及民法典〉：浴水中的嬰兒》。西北大學學報，1：18-28。 馬堅譯（1981）。《古蘭經》。中國社會科學出版社。 二、外文部分： 書籍 Al-Ali, N. 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