從「聯合國跨界與高度洄游魚類協定」論公海海域登臨及檢查權之理論與實踐---以WCPFC為例

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題名	從「聯合國跨界與高度洄游魚類協定」論公海海域登臨及檢查權之理論與實踐---以WCPFC為例 A Study on the theory and practice of high seas boarding and inspection from the provisions of 1995 UNFSA: With a special reference to the practice of WCPFC
作者	陳盈廷 Chen, Ying Ting
貢獻者	趙國材<br>王冠雄陳盈廷 Chen, Ying Ting
關鍵詞	中西太平洋漁業委員會登船臨檢公海捕魚實體區域漁業管理組織 WCPFC Boarding and Inspection High Seas Fishing Entity Regional Fisheries Management Organization
日期	2007
上傳時間	14-Sep-2009 10:09:42 (UTC+8)
摘要	1982年《聯合國海洋法公約》確立了專屬經濟區的制度後，公海成為海洋生物資源養護與管理的一大缺口，特別是在養護與管理跨界及高度洄游魚群上產生防護的漏洞。1995年國際間通過《聯合國跨界與高度洄游魚類協定》，旨在履行《聯合國海洋法公約》關於養護跨界與高度洄游魚群之規定，並進一步訂立更完善之規範，特別是協定重視各區域性漁業組織之功能，期能透過該些組織，更有效率地管理並養護各區域之跨界與高度洄游魚群。因此，《聯合國海洋法公約》、1995年協定與區域性漁業組織相互間透過法律規範，從架構、實踐與實際執行這三方面試圖形塑一個較為嚴謹及嚴密的網絡。 2004年中西太平洋漁業委員會（WCPFC）成立。協定與委員會透過登臨與檢查的方式，以養護與管理在公海海域之跨界與洄游魚群。然公海自由及公海上由船旗國管轄乃習慣國際法，而為在保育海洋生物資源，在公海上採取相互登臨與檢查為國際海洋法發展之趨勢。由於登臨與檢查乃涉及一國之主權問題，台灣因於國際上之特殊地位，在WCPFC中之登臨與檢查權便為一值得探討之議題。《WCPFC登檢程序》規定《WCPFC公約》之締約方有相互登臨檢查之權利與義務，而WCPFC之會員有被登檢之義務。由於台灣乃以漁業實體之身份加入，成為WCPFC之會員，並非《WCPFC公約》之締約方，因此台灣是否有登檢其他會員船舶之權利便為我方關切之議題。筆者透過對1995年協定、《WCPFC公約》，以及《WCPFC登檢程序》之分析，認為台灣倘與其他會員或《WCPFC公約》締約方締結登檢協議，則台灣與協議締約方間當可享有《WCPFC登檢程序》中規定之完整的登檢權利與義務，而不受僅為「會員」身份所造成之模糊地位所限制。 As the 1982 LOS Convention establishes the concept of Exclusive Economic Zone, the high seas has not only become the rest areas without authorities’ jurisdiction, but also been a breach of the conservation and management of living recourses, especially in aspect of the conservation and management of straddling and highly migratory stocks. In 1995, Straddling Stocks Agreement was approved, in which the main purpose is to enforce the principles of LOS Convention relating to the conservation and management of straddling and highly migratory stocks. Straddling Stocks Agreement respects the functions of the regional fishing organizations and expects it to manage and conserve straddling and highly migratory stocks more efficiently in each region. Consequently, through making stipulations, the LOS Convention, 1995 Agreement, and regional fishing organizations attempt to build up a strict network of framework, implementation, and enforcement. In 2004, WCPFC Commission was founded. Through boarding and inspection, 1995 Agreement and WCPFC Commission conserve and manage the straddling and highly migratory stocks. Although the high-seas freedoms and flag State jurisdiction are the parts of customary international law, it is the trend in development of international law to adopt boarding and inspection in high seas for conserving living resources in ocean. Due to boarding and inspection concerning the sovereignty, as the special status in international society, Taiwan’s boarding and inspection rights in WCPFC Commission become a disputed issue. WCPFC Boarding and Inspection Procedures imply that the Contracting Parties of WCPFC Convention have rights and obligations to board and inspect each other’s ships, but the members of WCPFC only have the obligation of being boarded and inspected. Since Taiwan, as the fishing entity, participated in WCPFC as the Member rather than the Contracting Parties. As a result, whether Taiwan possessing any rights to board and inspect other members’ ships is concerned by Taiwan’s authority. By analyzing 1995 Agreement, WCPFC Convention, and WCPFC Boarding and Inspection Procedures, the author concludes that if Taiwan has the agreements relating to boarding and inspection with other Members or Contracting Parties, Taiwan would absolutely possess the full rights and obligations, which the WCPFC Boarding and Inspection Procedures stipulate, without constrained by its ambiguous status caused by the role of Member.
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描述	碩士國立政治大學外交研究所 94253018 96
資料來源	http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0094253018
資料類型	thesis

dc.contributor.advisor	趙國材<br>王冠雄	zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors)	陳盈廷	zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors)	Chen, Ying Ting	en_US
dc.creator (作者)	陳盈廷	zh_TW
dc.creator (作者)	Chen, Ying Ting	en_US
dc.date (日期)	2007	en_US
dc.date.accessioned	14-Sep-2009 10:09:42 (UTC+8)	-
dc.date.available	14-Sep-2009 10:09:42 (UTC+8)	-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間)	14-Sep-2009 10:09:42 (UTC+8)	-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers)	G0094253018	en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI)	https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/31420	-
dc.description (描述)	碩士	zh_TW
dc.description (描述)	國立政治大學	zh_TW
dc.description (描述)	外交研究所	zh_TW
dc.description (描述)	94253018	zh_TW
dc.description (描述)	96	zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要)	1982年《聯合國海洋法公約》確立了專屬經濟區的制度後，公海成為海洋生物資源養護與管理的一大缺口，特別是在養護與管理跨界及高度洄游魚群上產生防護的漏洞。1995年國際間通過《聯合國跨界與高度洄游魚類協定》，旨在履行《聯合國海洋法公約》關於養護跨界與高度洄游魚群之規定，並進一步訂立更完善之規範，特別是協定重視各區域性漁業組織之功能，期能透過該些組織，更有效率地管理並養護各區域之跨界與高度洄游魚群。因此，《聯合國海洋法公約》、1995年協定與區域性漁業組織相互間透過法律規範，從架構、實踐與實際執行這三方面試圖形塑一個較為嚴謹及嚴密的網絡。 2004年中西太平洋漁業委員會（WCPFC）成立。協定與委員會透過登臨與檢查的方式，以養護與管理在公海海域之跨界與洄游魚群。然公海自由及公海上由船旗國管轄乃習慣國際法，而為在保育海洋生物資源，在公海上採取相互登臨與檢查為國際海洋法發展之趨勢。由於登臨與檢查乃涉及一國之主權問題，台灣因於國際上之特殊地位，在WCPFC中之登臨與檢查權便為一值得探討之議題。《WCPFC登檢程序》規定《WCPFC公約》之締約方有相互登臨檢查之權利與義務，而WCPFC之會員有被登檢之義務。由於台灣乃以漁業實體之身份加入，成為WCPFC之會員，並非《WCPFC公約》之締約方，因此台灣是否有登檢其他會員船舶之權利便為我方關切之議題。筆者透過對1995年協定、《WCPFC公約》，以及《WCPFC登檢程序》之分析，認為台灣倘與其他會員或《WCPFC公約》締約方締結登檢協議，則台灣與協議締約方間當可享有《WCPFC登檢程序》中規定之完整的登檢權利與義務，而不受僅為「會員」身份所造成之模糊地位所限制。	zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要)	As the 1982 LOS Convention establishes the concept of Exclusive Economic Zone, the high seas has not only become the rest areas without authorities’ jurisdiction, but also been a breach of the conservation and management of living recourses, especially in aspect of the conservation and management of straddling and highly migratory stocks. In 1995, Straddling Stocks Agreement was approved, in which the main purpose is to enforce the principles of LOS Convention relating to the conservation and management of straddling and highly migratory stocks. Straddling Stocks Agreement respects the functions of the regional fishing organizations and expects it to manage and conserve straddling and highly migratory stocks more efficiently in each region. Consequently, through making stipulations, the LOS Convention, 1995 Agreement, and regional fishing organizations attempt to build up a strict network of framework, implementation, and enforcement. In 2004, WCPFC Commission was founded. Through boarding and inspection, 1995 Agreement and WCPFC Commission conserve and manage the straddling and highly migratory stocks. Although the high-seas freedoms and flag State jurisdiction are the parts of customary international law, it is the trend in development of international law to adopt boarding and inspection in high seas for conserving living resources in ocean. Due to boarding and inspection concerning the sovereignty, as the special status in international society, Taiwan’s boarding and inspection rights in WCPFC Commission become a disputed issue. WCPFC Boarding and Inspection Procedures imply that the Contracting Parties of WCPFC Convention have rights and obligations to board and inspect each other’s ships, but the members of WCPFC only have the obligation of being boarded and inspected. Since Taiwan, as the fishing entity, participated in WCPFC as the Member rather than the Contracting Parties. As a result, whether Taiwan possessing any rights to board and inspect other members’ ships is concerned by Taiwan’s authority. By analyzing 1995 Agreement, WCPFC Convention, and WCPFC Boarding and Inspection Procedures, the author concludes that if Taiwan has the agreements relating to boarding and inspection with other Members or Contracting Parties, Taiwan would absolutely possess the full rights and obligations, which the WCPFC Boarding and Inspection Procedures stipulate, without constrained by its ambiguous status caused by the role of Member.	en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents	目錄緒論……………………………………………………………1 第一章 1982年《聯合國海洋法公約》與《履行協定》之關係…11 第一節 1982年《聯合國海洋法公約》所面臨之問題與爭議…………11 第二節跨界與高度洄游魚群的基本概念………………………………19 第三節《履行協定》之基礎……………………………………………22 第四節小結………………………………………………………………26 第二章公海漁業資源養護管理概念之發展………………………29 第一節漁業資源養護之原則……………………………………………29 第二節公海漁業資源養護與管理之內涵………………………………36 第三節漁業資源養護與管理之法制……………………………………44 第四節小結………………………………………………………………55 第三章公海登臨與檢查權之內涵…………………………………59 第一節傳統公海登臨與檢查之適用……………………………………59 第二節一般國際法對於公海登臨與檢查權之規定……………………71 第三節《履行協定》對公海登臨與檢查權之影響……………………80 第四節小結………………………………………………………………82 第四章中西太平洋漁業委員會對於公海登臨與檢查之實踐……85 第一節中西太平洋漁業委員會之成立…………………………………85 第二節中西太平洋漁業委員會與《履行協定》之關係………………87 第三節中西太平洋漁業委員會對於公海登臨與檢查之相關規定與實踐……93 第四節小結……………………………………………………………………109 第五章台灣在中西太平洋漁業委員會之法律地位………………111 第一節台灣在公海登臨與檢查權下享有之法律地位………………111 第二節《履行協定》對台灣之意義…………………………………125 第三節台灣在中西太平洋漁業委員會下之權利與義務……………130 第四節影響與檢討……………………………………………143 第五節小結……………………………………………………146 結論………………………………………………………….149 附件一…………………………………………………………………155 附件二…………………………………………………………………157 附件三…………………………………………………………………163 附件四…………………………………………………………………165 附件五…………………………………………………………………167 附件六…………………………………………………………………171 附件七…………………………………………………………………173 參考書目…………………………………………………….191	zh_TW
dc.language.iso	en_US	-
dc.source.uri (資料來源)	http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0094253018	en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	中西太平洋漁業委員會	zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	登船臨檢	zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	公海	zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	捕魚實體	zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	區域漁業管理組織	zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	WCPFC	en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	Boarding and Inspection	en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	High Seas	en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	Fishing Entity	en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	Regional Fisheries Management Organization	en_US
dc.title (題名)	從「聯合國跨界與高度洄游魚類協定」論公海海域登臨及檢查權之理論與實踐---以WCPFC為例	zh_TW
dc.title (題名)	A Study on the theory and practice of high seas boarding and inspection from the provisions of 1995 UNFSA: With a special reference to the practice of WCPFC	en_US
dc.type (資料類型)	thesis	en
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dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	United Nations, Reparations for Injuries Suffered in the Service of the United Nations (Advisory Opinion), available at: http://www.icj-cij.org/docket/index.php?p1=3&p2=4&k=41&case=4&code=isun&p3=4.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	高聖惕。民國九十六年四月。「論國際漁業法中涉及捕魚實體的爭端解決機制（下）」。政大法學評論，第九十六期，頁233-275。	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	United Nations, United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, FCCC/INFORMAL/84 (1992), http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/convkp/conveng.pdf.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	United Nations. http://www.un.org.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	UNOOSA. http://www.unoosa.org/oosa/index.html.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	WCPFC, Convention On The Conservation And Management Of Highly Migratory Fish Stocks In The Western And Central Pacific Ocean (2000), http://www.wcpfc.int/.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	WCPFC, WCPFC Monitoring, Control and Surveillance (MCS) Scheme. http://www.wcpfc.int/mcs/hsbi.htm.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	WCPFC, Summary Report in Fourth Regular Session of WCPFC, http://www.wcpfc.int/wcpfc4/pdf/WCPF4%20Summary%20Report%20and%20Attachments.pdf.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	WCPFC, The Attachment O in Third Regular Session of WCPFC, http://www.wcpfc.int/.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	WCPFC, WCPFC/Comm.2/07/Rev.1 (18th November 2005), http://www.wcpfc.int/.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	WCPFC, WCPFC4-2007-15 (Annual Report on the Work of Commission in the fourth Regular Session of WCPFC), available at: http://www.wcpfc.int/wcpfc4/pdf/WCPFC4-2007-15%20[Annual%20Report%20on%20the%20Work%20of%20the%20Commission].pdf.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	WCPFC, WCPFC-TCC3-2007/11 (Rev.1) (in Third Regular Session of WCPFC Technical and Compliance Committee), available at: http://www.wcpfc.int/tcc3/pdf/WCPFC-TCC3-2007-11%20_Rev.1%20[High%20Seas%20Boarding%20and%20Inspection%20Procedures%20_Revised].pdf.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	高聖惕。民國九十六年十月。「台灣與區域性漁業管理組織---論大西洋鮪類保育委員會對台灣動用貿易制裁之05-02號前置性決議的合法性」。政大法學評論，第九十九期，頁61-153。	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	WCPFC. http://www.wcpfc.int/.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	WTO. http://www.wto.org/.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	葉秉鑫。2005年12月30日。「台灣開拓國際關係的另一條道路---從國際環境保護合作原則切入」。新世紀智庫論壇，第32期，頁49-61。	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	蒲國慶。2004年10月。「台灣向國際海洋法法庭申訴之研究」。台灣國際法季刊，第一卷第四期，頁139-218。	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	(四)報紙資料來源：	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	台北訊，<我堅持不得在公海登船臨檢中美漁業談判昨未達成協議>，經濟日報（1989年6月24日），第23版。	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	崔慈悌，<我暫不與美簽署漁業協定>，中國時報（1996年7月16日），焦點新聞第三版。	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	張銘潭，<中美漁業談判雖准美方登船我仍擁有國際法公海捕魚權邱茂英說明在兼顧漁業發展及國家利益下達成協議>，經濟日報（1989年7月4日），第15版；賈亦珍，<吉羊一號嚴重涉嫌公海捕鮭美方發布證據對我方不利農委會堅持反對登船臨檢>，聯合報（1989年5月30日），第5版。	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	曹敏吉，<中美同登長得二號漁船檢查並無流刺網>，聯合報（1996年7月15日），第一版。	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	黃經緯、曹敏吉。<越區作業不利漁業談判？公海登船侵犯延伸領土！ >，聯合報（1989年4月22日），第3版。	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	賈亦珍，<公海登船臨檢我採彈性因應廿一日中美漁業談判，我不排除硬接「培利修正案」的可能>，聯合報（1989年6月18日），第5版。	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	賈亦珍，<非法越界撈捕鮭鱒魚我一漁船被美國查獲漁民一再違規政府要替他們爭權益也難>，聯合報（1989年6月9日），第9版。	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	趙國材，<我應拒絕美國登船臨檢之要求>，中央日報（1989年7月24日），社論第二版。	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	(五)網路資料來源：	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	大英百科全書線上（台灣）。http://tw.britannica.com/。	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	王冠雄。2003年。養護與管理跨界與高度洄游魚種：其現況與發展，中國國際法學會網站--會員論壇。http://www.csil.org.tw/bbs/。	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	中華民國對外漁業合作發展協會全球資訊網。http://www.ofdc.org.tw/。	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	出席「國際區域性漁業組織聯席會議」報告書， http://open.nat.gov.tw/OpenFront/report/show_file.jsp?sysId=C09600509&fileNo=001。	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	行政院國家永續發展委員會全球資訊網。http://sta.epa.gov.tw/NSDN/。	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	行政院農業委員會漁業署全球資訊網。http://www.fa.gov.tw/。	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	全國法規資料庫。http://law.moj.gov.tw/。	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	教育部「自然生態學習網」。http://nature.edu.tw/。	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	(六)訪談	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	2008年4月30日於對外漁業發展合作協會，與「對外漁業發展合作協會」執行長何勝初先生進行訪談。	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	2008年5月30日於行政院農委會漁業署，與行政院農委會漁業署簡任技正郭宗海先生進行訪談。	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	2008年5月30日於行政院農委會，與行政院農委會副主委胡興華先生進行訪談。	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	2008年5月30日分別於林享能先生個人工作室，與前行政院農委會主委林享能先生進行訪談。	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	2008年6月17日於外交部，與外交部條法司專門委員浦國慶先生進行訪談。	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	二、外文部分	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	(一) Official Documents	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	Admiralty and Maritime Law Guide, International Convention on Oil Pollution Preparedness, Response and Co-Operation (London, 30 November 1990).	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	Agreement Amending The Agreement Of 10 September 1982 Between The Government Of Japan And The Government Of The United States Of America Concerning Fisheries Off The Coasts Of The United States Of America (1987).	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	Agreement between the Government of the Spain and the Government of the United states of America Concerning Fisheries Off the Coasts of the United States (1977).	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	Agreement between the Government of the United states of America and the Government of the Polish People’s Republic Concerning Fisheries Off the Coasts of the United States (1976).	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	Agreement between the Government of the United states of America and the Government of the Republic of China Concerning Fisheries Off the Coasts of the United States(1976).	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	Agreement between the Government of the United states of America and the Government of the People’s Republic of Bulgaria Concerning Fisheries Off the Coasts of the United States (1976).	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	Agreement between the Government of the United states of America and the Government of the Socialist Republic of Romania Concerning Fisheries Off the Coasts of the United States (1976).	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	Agreement between the Government of the United states of America and the Government of the Republic of Korea Concerning Fisheries Off the Coasts of the United States (1977).	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	Agreement between the Government of the United states of America and the Government of the Republic of Cuba Concerning Fisheries Off the Coasts of the United States (1977).	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	Agreement between the Government of the United states of America and the Government of Mexico Concerning Fisheries Off the Coasts of the United States (1977).	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	Agreement between the Government of the United states of America of the one part and the Government of Demark and the Home of the Government of the Faro Islands of the other part Concerning Fisheries Off the Coasts of the United States.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	Agreement between the Government of the United states of America and the Government of Portugal Concerning Fisheries Off the Coasts of the United States (1980).	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	Agreement between the Government of the United states of America and the Government of Norway Concerning Fisheries Off the Coasts of the United States (1981).	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	Agreement between the Government of the United states of America and the Government of the Republic of Iceland Concerning Fisheries Off the Coasts of the United States (1984).	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	Agreement between the Government of the United States of America and the European Economic Community concerning fisheries off the coasts of the United States (1984).	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	Canada Government, Coastal Fisheries Protection Act Amendment, S.C.1994, c.14 (12 May 1994).	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	CCSBT, Convention For The Conservation Of Southern Bluefin Tuna.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	Council of Europe, European Agreement For The Prevention Of Broadcasts Transmitted From Stations Outside National Territories (Strasbourg, 22.I.1965).	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	FAO, Agreement to Promote Compliance with International Conservation and Management Measures by Fishing Vessels of the High Seas, Res/15/93 of the Twenty-Seventh Session of the FAO Conference.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	FAO, Basic Texts of theFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	FAO, Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	FAO, International Plan of Action for Reducing Incidental Catch of Seabirds in Longline Fisheries (1999).	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	FAO, International Plan of Action for the Management of Fishing Capacity (1999).	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	FAO, International Plan of Action to Prevent, Deter And Eliminate Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing (2001).	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	FAO, The Cancun Declaration (1992).	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	François, J.P.A.. Report on the Regime of the High Seas (U.N. Doc. No. A/CN.4/17, 1950).	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	François, J.P.A.. Second Report on the Regime of the High Seas (U.N. Doc. No. A/CN.4/42, 1951).	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	Gidel, “Memorandum”, in United Nations Secretariat, Memorandum on the Regime of the High Seas (U.N. Doc. No. A/CN.4/32) (1950).	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	International Atomic Energy Agency, Convention on Early Notification of a Nuclear Accident (26 September 1986).	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	International Convention for the High Seas Fisheries of the North Pacific Ocean.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	International Opium Convention (signed at the Hague January 23, 1912).	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	International Whaling Commission, International Convention For The Regulation Of Whaling Washington (2nd December, 1946).	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	IOTC, Agreement for the Establishment of the Indian Ocean Tuna Commission.	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	Munro, Gordon, Annick Van Houtte, and Rolf Willmann, “The conservation and management of shared fish stocks: legal and economic aspects,” FAO Fisheries Technical Paper No. 465 (2004).	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	OFDC, International Plan of Action for the Conservation and Management of Sharks (1999).	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	OSPAR Commission, Convention for the Protection of The Marine Environment of the North-East Atlantic (1992).	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs (1961).	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	Slave Trade Act (25 March 1807).	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	Southern Bluefin Tuna Cases (New Zealand v. Japan; Australia v. Japan) (1999).	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapon Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space and Under Water (1963).	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	United Naions, Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies, A/RES/34/68 (5 December 1979).	zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	United Nations Evironment Programme, Agenda 21 (1992).	zh_TW

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