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題名 形變的海洋敘事:《白鯨記》的德勒茲式讀法
A Sea narrative of becoming: A Deleuzian reading of Moby-Dick
作者 黃崇福
Huang, Chung Fu
貢獻者 何艾克
Heroux, Erick
黃崇福
Huang, Chung Fu
關鍵詞 梅爾維爾
白鯨記
德勒茲
千高臺
游牧學
國家機器
戰爭機器
變成理論
Herman Melville
Moby-Dick
Gilles Deleuze
A Thousand Plateaus
nomadology
the State apparatus
war-machine
becoming-theory
日期 2008
上傳時間 14-Sep-2009 12:15:13 (UTC+8)
摘要 赫爾曼.梅爾維爾(Herman Melville)的小說《白鯨記》(Moby-Dick, 1851)以其極富深度的思維吸引著讀者,並將捕鯨船上的生活百態萌發為哲學領域的思考。《白鯨記》富有多重意義的特徵使之不乏多面向的解讀,其中若以「海上旅行」作為分析的視角切入,《白鯨記》的成就將益加彰顯。《白鯨記》體現了旅行者如何因心態的不同影響其感知,在伊息默爾(Ishmael)所重述的故事中,以「遇見他者」(encounter the other)的論點觀之,能夠促進存在於伊息默爾與亞哈船長(Captain Ahab)之間相異處的瞭解。自兩者身為彼此殊異的旅行者的對比中,探討旅行者是否真實地「遇見他者」與經歷轉變的過程,本論文將伊息默爾視為能夠真實「遇見他者」的旅行者,亞哈則因其狹隘的復仇心態導致他無法獲得「遇見他者」的機會。
       緊接著檢視不同旅行者的探討後,對於旅行者更深層的審視將以德勒茲(Gilles Deleuze)與葛塔力(Félix Guattari)的「游牧理論」(nomadology)進行推論,從游牧推衍的概念如:「戰爭機器」(war-machine)與「國家機器」(the State apparatus),適以處理由伊息默爾、亞哈船長與莫比.迪克(Moby Dick)所構築的關係維度。以啟迪於游牧學的反抗思維進行分析,使得亞哈的捕鯨之旅不再僅是被動地受對莫比.迪克的仇恨牽引,更是蘊藏著亞哈本身具備的能動性。游牧理論能夠開展無法以偏執狂(monomaniac)化約亞哈的特質,讓對亞哈追逐莫比.迪克的解析更形豐富,亞哈不僅具備「國家機器」的控制作為,也擁有「戰爭機器」的抵抗能力。此外,本論文更援引德勒茲與葛塔力的「變成動物」(becoming-animal)理論藉以瞭解亞哈與莫比.迪克之間可能的(變成)關係,「變成」(becoming)理論的應用並非強調外在型體上的相似,而是闡述亞哈身處與莫比.迪克居中關係內所經歷的非形體轉變,亞哈透過「逃逸線」(lines of flight)的模式,使之身處「變成莫比迪克」(becoming-Moby Dick)的進程,藉以顯示其強烈欲望的能量流動。
       總體上,本論文旨在將「游牧」與「變成」理論的特質帶入《白鯨記》的文本中,產生進一步的對話空間,能使讀者從僅視《白鯨記》為單純冒險式的捕鯨敘事中進入「游牧思想」體現的思辨過程。
Herman Melville’s Moby-Dick (1851) captivates readers with its exuberance and renders the experiences of shipboard life into a source of philosophy. Moby-Dick bears manifold characteristics worthy of exploration. Among the multiple entries into the literary research, Moby-Dick’s achievement becomes evident when being analyzed from the perspective of sea journey. Moby-Dick manifests how a traveler’s mind-set influences her/his perception along the way on the sea journey. In light of encounters with the other, Ishmael’s recounted narrative assists in the understanding of the distinction between him and Captain Ahab as different travelers. The contrast between Ishmael and Ahab concerns whether they really encounter the other and undergo transformation. This thesis considers Ishmael as a traveler who really encounters the other while Ahab keeps his one-track mind-set on his revenge, which halts the chance for his encounter with the other.
      Following the examination of different travelers, Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari’s nomadology would be applied to further the reading of travelers. The triangular dimension among Ishmael, Ahab and Moby Dick is interpreted with the concepts derived from nomadology such as a war-machine and the State apparatus. Mainly focused on the power of resistance highlighted from nomadology, Ahab’s whale hunt deserves more attention to mobility rather than to the passiveness channeled by his revenge upon Moby Dick. More than what the monomaniac can show, the theory of nomadology would potentially enrich the analysis of Ahab’s pursuit of Moby Dick. Ahab plays both a role of the controlling force like the State apparatus and a role of the resisting power like the war-machine.
     Besides nomadology, Deleuze and Guattari also employ becoming-animal to suggest the possible inspirational resonance between Ahab and Moby Dick. Instead of an emphasis on the physical resemblance, “becoming” sheds light on the incorporeal transformation which Ahab undergoes within the in-between relationship with Moby Dick. Through his “lines of flight,” Ahab has been involved in becoming-Moby Dick to assert his energy flow out of the intense desire.
     Overall, this thesis aims at generating more dialogue by bringing nomadology and becoming in the context of Moby-Dick. This incorporation would allow readers to consider Moby-Dick as the manifestation of Deleuze and Guattari’s “nomad thought” rather than as a mere whale-hunting story of adventure.
參考文獻 Arvin, Newton. Herman Melville. New York: Sloane, 1950.
Bezanson, Walter E. “Moby-Dick: Work of Art.” Moby-Dick
Centennial Essays. Eds. Tyrus Hillway and Luther S. Mansfield. Dallas: Southern Methodist University Press, 1965. 30-58.
Bhabha, Homi K. “Signs Taken for Wonders: Questions of Ambivalence and Authority under a Tree Outside Delhi, May 1817.” “Race,” Writing, and Difference. Ed. Henry Louis Gates, Jr. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1986. 163-84.
Bloom, Harold. “Introduction.” Herman Melville’s Moby-Dick. Ed. Harold Bloom.
New York: Chelsea House, 1996. 5-8.
Braidotti, Rosi. Nomadic Subjects: Embodiment and Sexual Difference in Contemporary Feminist Theory. New York: Columbia University Press, 1994.
Brandist, Craig. “Law and the Genres of Discourse: The Bakhtin Circle’s Theory of Language and the Phenomenology of Right.” Bakhtinian Perspectives on Language and Culture: Meaning in Language, Art and New Media. Eds. Finn Bostad, Craig Brandist, Lars Sigfred Evensen and Hege Charlotte Faber. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004. 23-45.
Bryden, Mary. “Deleuze and Anglo-American Literature: Water, Whales and Melville.” Introduction to the Philosophy of Gilles Deleuze. Ed. Jean Khalfa. New York: Continuum, 1999. 105-13.
---. Gilles Deleuze: Travels in Literature. New York: Palgrave, 2007.
Brodtkorb, Paul. Ishmael’s White World: A Phenomenological Reading of Moby
Dick. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1965.
Casarino, Cesare. Modernity at Sea: Melville, Marx, Conrad in Crisis. Minneapolis:
University of Minnesota Press, 2002.
Critchley, Simon. The Ethics of Deconstruction: Derrida and Levinas. Oxford: Blackwell, 1992.
De Botton, Alain. The Art of Travel. London: Pantheon, 2002.
Deleuze, Gilles. Essays Critical and Clinical. Trans. Daniel W. Smith and Michael A. Greco. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1997.
---. The Logic of Sense. Ed. Constantin V. Boundas. Trans. Mark Lester and Charles Stivale. New York: Columbia University Press, 1990.
---. Negotiations. Trans. Martin Joughin. New York: Columbia University Press, 1995.
Deleuze, Gilles, and Félix Guattari. Anti-Oedipus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia. Trans. Robert Hurley, Mark Seem, and Helen R. Lane. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1983.
---. A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia. Trans. Brian Massumi. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1987.
---. Kafka: Toward a Minor Literature. Trans. Dana Polan. Minneapolis: University
of Minnesota Press, 1986.
---. What Is Philosophy? Trans. Hugh Tomlinson and Graham Burchell. New York: Columbia University Press, 1994.
Deleuze, Gilles, and Claire Parnet. Dialogues. Trans. Hugh Tomlinson and Barbara Habberjam. New York : Columbia University Press, 1987.
Derrida, Jacques. “The Animal that Therefore I Am (More to Follow).” Trans. David Wills. Critical Inquiry 28 (2002): 369-418.
---. “Violence and Metaphysics: An Essay on the Thought of Emmanuel Levinas.” Writing and Difference. Trans. Alan Bass. London: Routledge, 1978. 79-153.
Duyckinck, Evert A. “An Intellectual Chowder.” Moby-Dick. Eds. Harrison Hayford and Hershel Parker. Taipei: Bookman Bookstore, 1985. 613-16.
Foucault, Michel. Power/Knowledge: Selected Interviews and Other Writings, 1972-77. Trans. Colin Gordon. New York: Pantheon, 1980.
---. “Preface.” Anti-Oedipus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia. Trans. Robert Hurley, Mark Seem, and Helen R. Lane. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1983. xi-xiv.
Freud, Sigmund. “The ‘Uncanny’.” The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud. Vol. 17. Ed. James Strachey. London: The Hogarth Press and The Institute of Psychoanalysis, 1981. 219-56.
Goodchild, Philip. Deleuze and Guattari: An Introduction to the Politics of Desire.
London: Sage, 1996.
Hamilton, Carol Vanderveer. “The Evil of Banality: Moby Dick vs. the Extreme Machine.” Iowa Journal of Cultural Studies 4 (2004): 7-18.
Islam, Syed Manzurul. The Ethics of Travel from Marco Polo to Kafka. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1996.
James, Henry. “In the Cage.” Tales of Henry James. Eds. Christof Wegelin and Henry B. Wonham. New York: Norton & Company, 2003. 229-302.
Kaplan, Caren. Questions of Travel: Postmodern Discourses of Displacement. Durham and London: Duke University Press, 1996.
Kimball, Samuel. “Uncanny Narration in Moby-Dick.” American Literature 59 (1987): 528-47.
Lawrence, D. H. Studies in Classic American Literature. New York: Penguin Books, 1977.
Leed, Eric J. The Mind of the Traveler: From Gilgamesh to Global Tourism. New York: Basic Books, 1991.
Levinas, Emmanuel. “Meaning and Sense.” Emmanuel Levinas: Basic Philosophical Writings. Eds. Adriaan T. Peperzak, Simon Critchley and Robert Bernasconi. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1996. 33-64.
---. “Time and the Other.” The Levinas Reader. Ed. Seán Hand. Trans. Richard A. Cohen. Oxford: Blackwell, 1989. 37-58.
---. Totality and Infinity: An Essay on Exteriority. Trans. Alphonso Lingis. Pittsburgh: Duquesne University Press, 1969.
Lowe, Lisa. “Literary Nomadics in Francophone Allegories of Postcolonialism: Pham Van Ky and Tahar Ben Jelloun.” Yale French Studies 82.1 (1993): 43-61.
Markels, Julian. Melville and the Politics of Identity: From King Lear to Moby-Dick.
Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1993.
Martin, Robert K. Hero, Captain, and Stranger: Male Friendship, Social Critique,
and Literary Form in the Sea Novels of Herman Melville. Chapel Hill: The
University of North Carolina Press, 1986.
Massumi, Brian. A User’s Guide to Capitalism and Schizophrenia: Deviations from
Deleuze and Guattari. Cambridge and Massachusetts: The MIT Press, 1992.
Matthiessen, F. O. American Renaissance: Art and Expression in the Age of Emerson
and Whitman. New York: Oxford University Press, 1941.
McWilliams, John P., Jr. Hawthorne, Melville and the American Character: A
Looking-glass Business. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1984.
Melville, Herman. “Bartleby, the Scrivener.” Shorter Novels of Herman Melville. Ed. Raymond Weaver. New York: Liveright, 1928. 107-55.
---. Correspondence. Ed. Lynn Horth. Evanston and Chicago: Northwestern University Press and the Newberry Library, 1993.
---. Moby-Dick. Eds. Harrison Hayford and Hershel Parker. Taipei: Bookman Bookstore, 1985.
Miller, Christopher L. “The Postidentitarian Predicament in the Footnotes of A
Thousand Plateaus: Nomadology, Anthropology, and Authority.” Diacritics 23.3 (1993): 6-35.
Otter, Samuel. Melville’s Anatomies. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1999.
Parke, John. “Seven Moby-Dicks.” The New England Quarterly 28 (1955): 319-38.
Patton, Paul. Deleuze and the Political. New York: Routledge, 2000.
Peretz, Eyal. Literature, Disaster and the Enigma of Power: A Reading of
Moby-Dick. Stanford: Stanford University Press. 2003.
Philbrick, Nathaniel. “Forward.” American Sea Writing: A Literary Anthology. Ed. Peter Neill. New York: The Library of America, 2000. xiii-xvii.
Pratt, Mary Louise. Imperial Eyes: Travel Writing and Transculturation. London and New York: Routledge, 1992.
Reno, Janet. Ishmael Alone Escaped: Moby-Dick as a Survivor’s Narrative. Diss. The George Washington University, 1983.
Roberson, Susan L. “Defining Travel: An Introduction.” Defining Travel: Diverse Visions. Ed. Susan L. Roberson. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2001. xi-xxvi.
Said, Edward W. Culture and Imperialism. New York: Vintage, 1994.
---. The World, the Text, and the Critic. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1983.
Schultz, Elizabeth. “The Power of Blackness: Richard Wright Re-writes Moby-Dick.”
African American Review 33 (1999): 639-54.
Sedgwick, William Ellery. Herman Melville: The Tragedy of Mind. New York:
Russell and Russell, 1962.
Sheffield, Marcus Lee. Crossing into Millennium: Herman Melville’s Narratives of
the Sea. Diss. Michigan State University, 1993.
Smith, Henry Nash. “The Image of Society in Moby-Dick.” Moby-Dick Centennial Essays. Eds. Tyrus Hillway and Luther S. Mansfield. Dallas: Southern Methodist University Press, 1965. 59-75.
Spark, Clare. Hunting Captain Ahab: Psychological Warfare and the Melville Revival.
Kent: Kent State University Press, 2001.
Stone, Edward. “The Function of the Gams in Moby-Dick.” College Literature 2 (1975): 171-81.
Thomson, Shawn. The Romantic Architecture of Herman Melville’s Moby-Dick. Cranbury: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 2001.
Van den Abbeele, Georges. Travel as Metaphor: From Montaigne to Rousseau. Minneapolis: Minnesota University Press, 1992.
Ward, J. A. “The Function of the Cetology Chapters in Moby-Dick.” American
Literature 28 (1956): 164-83.
Young, James Dean. “The Nine Gams of the Pequod.” American Literature 25 (1954): 449-63.
Young, Robert. Colonial Desire: Hybridity in Theory, Culture and Race. London and New York: Routledge, 1995.
胡錦媛 [Hu, Chin-yuan]。〈靜止與遊牧——《印度之旅》中的兩種旅行〉 [“Sedentary and Nomadic: Two Kinds of Travel in A Passage to India”]。《旅遊文學論文集》[Proceedings of the Conference on Travel Literature]。Ed. 東海大學中國文學系 [Department of Chinese, Tunghai University]。Taipei: Wen-Chin [文津出版社],2000。182-205。
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
英國語文學研究所
92551010
97
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0925510101
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 何艾克zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Heroux, Ericken_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 黃崇福zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Huang, Chung Fuen_US
dc.creator (作者) 黃崇福zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Huang, Chung Fuen_US
dc.date (日期) 2008en_US
dc.date.accessioned 14-Sep-2009 12:15:13 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 14-Sep-2009 12:15:13 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 14-Sep-2009 12:15:13 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0925510101en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/31802-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 英國語文學研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 92551010zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 97zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 赫爾曼.梅爾維爾(Herman Melville)的小說《白鯨記》(Moby-Dick, 1851)以其極富深度的思維吸引著讀者,並將捕鯨船上的生活百態萌發為哲學領域的思考。《白鯨記》富有多重意義的特徵使之不乏多面向的解讀,其中若以「海上旅行」作為分析的視角切入,《白鯨記》的成就將益加彰顯。《白鯨記》體現了旅行者如何因心態的不同影響其感知,在伊息默爾(Ishmael)所重述的故事中,以「遇見他者」(encounter the other)的論點觀之,能夠促進存在於伊息默爾與亞哈船長(Captain Ahab)之間相異處的瞭解。自兩者身為彼此殊異的旅行者的對比中,探討旅行者是否真實地「遇見他者」與經歷轉變的過程,本論文將伊息默爾視為能夠真實「遇見他者」的旅行者,亞哈則因其狹隘的復仇心態導致他無法獲得「遇見他者」的機會。
       緊接著檢視不同旅行者的探討後,對於旅行者更深層的審視將以德勒茲(Gilles Deleuze)與葛塔力(Félix Guattari)的「游牧理論」(nomadology)進行推論,從游牧推衍的概念如:「戰爭機器」(war-machine)與「國家機器」(the State apparatus),適以處理由伊息默爾、亞哈船長與莫比.迪克(Moby Dick)所構築的關係維度。以啟迪於游牧學的反抗思維進行分析,使得亞哈的捕鯨之旅不再僅是被動地受對莫比.迪克的仇恨牽引,更是蘊藏著亞哈本身具備的能動性。游牧理論能夠開展無法以偏執狂(monomaniac)化約亞哈的特質,讓對亞哈追逐莫比.迪克的解析更形豐富,亞哈不僅具備「國家機器」的控制作為,也擁有「戰爭機器」的抵抗能力。此外,本論文更援引德勒茲與葛塔力的「變成動物」(becoming-animal)理論藉以瞭解亞哈與莫比.迪克之間可能的(變成)關係,「變成」(becoming)理論的應用並非強調外在型體上的相似,而是闡述亞哈身處與莫比.迪克居中關係內所經歷的非形體轉變,亞哈透過「逃逸線」(lines of flight)的模式,使之身處「變成莫比迪克」(becoming-Moby Dick)的進程,藉以顯示其強烈欲望的能量流動。
       總體上,本論文旨在將「游牧」與「變成」理論的特質帶入《白鯨記》的文本中,產生進一步的對話空間,能使讀者從僅視《白鯨記》為單純冒險式的捕鯨敘事中進入「游牧思想」體現的思辨過程。
zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) Herman Melville’s Moby-Dick (1851) captivates readers with its exuberance and renders the experiences of shipboard life into a source of philosophy. Moby-Dick bears manifold characteristics worthy of exploration. Among the multiple entries into the literary research, Moby-Dick’s achievement becomes evident when being analyzed from the perspective of sea journey. Moby-Dick manifests how a traveler’s mind-set influences her/his perception along the way on the sea journey. In light of encounters with the other, Ishmael’s recounted narrative assists in the understanding of the distinction between him and Captain Ahab as different travelers. The contrast between Ishmael and Ahab concerns whether they really encounter the other and undergo transformation. This thesis considers Ishmael as a traveler who really encounters the other while Ahab keeps his one-track mind-set on his revenge, which halts the chance for his encounter with the other.
      Following the examination of different travelers, Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari’s nomadology would be applied to further the reading of travelers. The triangular dimension among Ishmael, Ahab and Moby Dick is interpreted with the concepts derived from nomadology such as a war-machine and the State apparatus. Mainly focused on the power of resistance highlighted from nomadology, Ahab’s whale hunt deserves more attention to mobility rather than to the passiveness channeled by his revenge upon Moby Dick. More than what the monomaniac can show, the theory of nomadology would potentially enrich the analysis of Ahab’s pursuit of Moby Dick. Ahab plays both a role of the controlling force like the State apparatus and a role of the resisting power like the war-machine.
     Besides nomadology, Deleuze and Guattari also employ becoming-animal to suggest the possible inspirational resonance between Ahab and Moby Dick. Instead of an emphasis on the physical resemblance, “becoming” sheds light on the incorporeal transformation which Ahab undergoes within the in-between relationship with Moby Dick. Through his “lines of flight,” Ahab has been involved in becoming-Moby Dick to assert his energy flow out of the intense desire.
     Overall, this thesis aims at generating more dialogue by bringing nomadology and becoming in the context of Moby-Dick. This incorporation would allow readers to consider Moby-Dick as the manifestation of Deleuze and Guattari’s “nomad thought” rather than as a mere whale-hunting story of adventure.
en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents Acknowledgements……………………………………………………v
     Chinese Abstract……………………………………………………vii
     English Abstract……………………………………………………ix
     Chapter One Introduction……………………………………1
     Chapter Two Ishmael and Ahab’s Sea Journey………10
     Chapter Three Ahab’s Becoming……………………………56
     Chapter Four Conclusion……………………………………94
     Works Cited…………………………………………………………101
zh_TW
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0925510101en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 梅爾維爾zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 白鯨記zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 德勒茲zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 千高臺zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 游牧學zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 國家機器zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 戰爭機器zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 變成理論zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Herman Melvilleen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Moby-Dicken_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Gilles Deleuzeen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) A Thousand Plateausen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) nomadologyen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) the State apparatusen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) war-machineen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) becoming-theoryen_US
dc.title (題名) 形變的海洋敘事:《白鯨記》的德勒茲式讀法zh_TW
dc.title (題名) A Sea narrative of becoming: A Deleuzian reading of Moby-Dicken_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Arvin, Newton. Herman Melville. New York: Sloane, 1950.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bezanson, Walter E. “Moby-Dick: Work of Art.” Moby-Dickzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Centennial Essays. Eds. Tyrus Hillway and Luther S. Mansfield. Dallas: Southern Methodist University Press, 1965. 30-58.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bhabha, Homi K. “Signs Taken for Wonders: Questions of Ambivalence and Authority under a Tree Outside Delhi, May 1817.” “Race,” Writing, and Difference. Ed. Henry Louis Gates, Jr. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1986. 163-84.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bloom, Harold. “Introduction.” Herman Melville’s Moby-Dick. Ed. Harold Bloom.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) New York: Chelsea House, 1996. 5-8.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Braidotti, Rosi. Nomadic Subjects: Embodiment and Sexual Difference in Contemporary Feminist Theory. New York: Columbia University Press, 1994.zh_TW
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