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題名 譚恩美小說《百種神秘感》中的倫理關係
Ethical Relationship in Amy Tan’s The Hundred Secret Senses
作者 陳厚仁
How-ren Chen
貢獻者 劉建基
Liu, Jen-ji
陳厚仁
How-ren Chen
關鍵詞 倫理學
列維那斯
譚恩美
傅科
薩依德
Ethics
Emmanuel Levinas
Amy Tan
Michel Foucault
Edward Said
日期 2003
上傳時間 17-Sep-2009 16:16:09 (UTC+8)
摘要 本篇論文試圖以列維納斯之倫理哲學、傅科和薩依德的觀點來分析、討論譚恩美的小說《百種神秘感》。小說透過兩種敘述的並置,描繪同父異母兩姊妹—中國出生的李關與美國長大的葉奧莉薇—之間的關係,以及一趟迷人的穿越時空之旅。譚恩美藉由這故事傳達她對倫理議題中「他者」的關懷。由於西方哲學及認識論傳統自柏拉圖以降便將「我思」的想法視為靈魂與自我的對話,認為一切真理皆在自身之中。在這樣的思想體系架構下,「他者」被視為暫時脫離但最終將被「同一」(「自我」)給同化的客體。易言之,「他者」的「他性」(或「無限性」)在「同一」的「整體」之中是可被壓制、吸納。大體而言,西方哲學其實是一門有關自戀的「同一」、而非有關真正「他者」的知識。
正是在這樣的哲學背景之下,《百種神秘感》探索許多知識所蘊含有關「整體」的論述暴力,比如心理學、西方醫藥論述及歷史學。同樣地,小說也批判了許多跨文化關係當中所表現出的「整體」暴力。在小說中,西方人透過東方主義式的觀點看待非西方人及他者的文化,並建構出一系列簡化的二元對立概念—西方與東方、文明與野蠻、自我與他者等。列維納斯反對這種不公平且充滿暴力的西方哲學傳統,是以他提出了肯定「他者」之「他性」的倫理哲學。在倫理關係中「自我」與「他者」兩者和平共存;兩者之間有關係但各自獨立。「自我」的主體性因「他者」的存在而建立,因而是為「他者」服務的。在倫理關係中「自我」對「他者」負有責任。藉由列維納斯、傅科和薩依德的觀點,本論文將探討《百種神秘感》中人際關係與文化交流間的他者倫理意涵。
This thesis aims to investigate Amy Tan’s The Hundred Secret Senses in terms of Emmanuel Levinas’s ethical philosophy, Michel Foucault’s discursive theory and Edward Said’s observations about Orientalism. Through the use of juxtaposition of two narratives, the novel depicts the relationship between two half sisters, Chinese-born Kwan Li and Chinese American Olivia Yee, and a fascinating journey through time and space. By telling this amazing story, Tan expresses her serious concern for ethical issue of the Other. Western philosophy and epistemology have a tradition of totalizing thought. Plato regarded the “I think” thought as the dialogue of the soul with itself; truth was said to inhabit the soul. In western philosophical tradition, the Other is viewed as something that is temporarily separate from the Same (the Self) but is ultimately reconcilable with the Same. In other words, the otherness of the Other is assimilated and oppressed within the totality of the Same. Hence western philosophy is a knowledge about the narcissistic Same, rather than about genuine Other.
The Hundred Secret Senses explores the discursive violence of totality in various knowledges such as psychology, medicine, and history. Likewise, the novel also depicts the violence of totality in intercultural relationships. The westerners in the novel tend to view non-westerners and their culture in an Orientalist way, in which a series of constructed opposites are adopted—West/Orient; Civilized/Barbaric; We/They. Against this violent and unjust tradition in western philosophy, Levinas advocates an ethical philosophy, in which the Other is affirmed in his otherness. In the Levinasian ethical relationship, the Self and the Other are viewed as separate but connected terms; neither is assimilated into or confused with the other. Ethical relationship is the coexistence of Totality and Infinity (otherness). Subjectivity of the Self is awakened by the presence of the Other; hence its essence is for the Other. In ethical relationship the Self has responsibility for the Other. Through the perspectives of Levinas, Foucault and Said, the thesis will also scrutinize the ethical meaning of interpersonal relations and cultural exchanges in The Hundred Secret Senses.
參考文獻 Ashcroft, Bill and Pal Ahluwalia. Edward Said: The Paradoxes of Identity. London: Routledge, 1999.
Chang, Wei-chung. Storytelling and Private Talk in Amy Tan`s The Joy Luck Club, The Kitchen God`s Wife, and The Hundred Secret Senses. M.A. Thesis. Taipei: Chinese Culture University, 2000.
Cohen, Richard A. “Translator’s Introduction” to Levinas’s Ethics and Infinity: Conversations with Philippe Nemo. Trans. Richard A. Cohen. Pittsburgh: Duquesne UP, 1985.
Danaher, Geoff, Tony Schirato, and Jen Webb. “History and Geopolitics.” Understanding Foucault. London: SAGE Publications, 2000.
Davis, Colin. Levinas: An Introduction. Cambridge: 1996, Polity Press.
Delicka, Magdalena. “American Magic Realism: Crossing the Borders in Literatures of the Margins.” Journal of American Studies of Turkey. 6:25-33. 1997 Fall. http://www.bilkent.edu.tr/~jast/Number6/Delicka.html p.1-8.
Doyle, Michael W. Empires. Ithaca: Cornell UP, 1986.
Foucault, Michel. The Archaeology of Knowledge and The Discourse on Language. Trans. A. M. Sheridan Smith. New York: Pantheon Books, 1972.
----. Mental Illness and Psychology. Trans. Alan Sheridan. Berkeley: U of California P, 1976.
----. Language, Counter-Memory, Practice: Selected Essays and Interviews. Ed. Donald F. Bouchard. Trans. Donald F. Bouchard and Sherry Simon. Ithaca: Cornell UP, 1977.
----. History of Sexuality. Vol.1. London: Penguin Books, 1978.
----. Power/Knowledge: Selected Interviews and Other Writings 1972-1977. Ed. Colin Gordon. Trans. Colin Gordon et al. New York: Pantheon Books, 1980.
----. “The Order of Discourse.” Untying the Text: A Post-Structuralist Reader. Ed. Robert Young London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1981. P.48-78.
----. Madness and Civilization: A History of Insanity in the Age of Reason. Trans. Richard Howard. New York: Vintage Books, 1988.
----. “Psychiatric Power.” Ethics: Subjectivity and Truth. Ed. Paul Rabinow. Trans. Robert Hurley et al. New York: The New Press, 1997. p.38-50.
----. “On the Genealogy of Ethics.” Ethics: Subjectivity and Truth. Ed. Paul Rabinow. Trans. Robert Hurley et al. New York: The New Press, 1997. p.253-80.
----. “What is Enlightenment.” Ethics: Subjectivity and Truth. Ed. Paul Rabinow. Trans. Robert Hurley et al. New York: The New Press, 1997. p.303-19.
Grolier Multimedia Encyclopedia (1995).http://courses.wcupa.edu/fletcher/hakka.htm
Grumley, John E. “Michel Foucault: Anti-totalising Scepticism or Totalising Prophecy?” History and Totality: Radical Historicism from Hegel to Foucault. London: Routledge, 1989.
Hawthorn, Jeremy. A Concise Glossary of Contemporary Literary Theory. New York: Oxford UP, 1998.
Hobson, J.A. Imperialism: A Study. Ann Arbor: U of Michigan P, 1972.
Huntley, E.D. ed. “The Hundred Secret Senses.” Amy Tan: A Critical Companion. Westport: Greenwood, 1998. p.113-149.
Hutcheon, Linda. A Poetics of Postmodernism: History, Theory, Fiction. London: Routledge, 1988.
Kiernan, V.G. “Tennyson, King Arthur and Imperialism.” Poets, Politics, and the People. Ed. Harvey J. Kaye. London: Verso, 1989.
Levinas, Emmanuel. Totality and Infinity: An Essay on Exteriority. Trans. Alphonso Lingis. Pittsburgh: Duquesne UP, 1969.
----, Ethics and Infinity: Conversations with Philippe Nemo. Trans. by Richard Cohen. Pittsburgh: Duquesne UP, 1985.
Lyotard, Jean-Francois. The Postmodern Condition: A Report on Knowledge. Trans. Geoff Bennington and Brian Massumi. Manchester: Manchester UP, 1986.
Ma, Sheng-mei. “’Chinese and Dogs’ in Amy Tan’s The Hundred Secret Senses: Ethnicizing the Primitive a la New Age.”
http://www.findarticles.com/cf_0/m2278/1_26/77049932/p1/article.jhtml?term=%2BKitchen+%2BWife+%2BTan. July 1.2002. p.1-14.
Mao, Ying-zhang. Taiping Tianguo Shimoji (The Rise and Fall of Heavenly Kingdom). Taipei: Taipei Publishers, 1979.
Mills, Sara. Discourse. New York: Routledge, 1997.
Peperzak, Adriaan. To the Other: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Emmanuel Levinas. West Lafayette: Purdue UP, 1993.
Said, Edward. Orientalism. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1978.
----. Culture and Imperialism. New York: Vintage Books, 1994.
Sartre, Jean-Paul. “Preface” to Frantz Fanon, Wretched of the Earth. Trans. Constance Farrington. New York: Grove, 1968.
Sinclair, John et al. ed. Collins Cobuild English Dictionary. London: HarperCollins Publishers, 1995.
Sontag, Susan. On Photography. New York: Anchor Books, 1977.
----. Illness as Metaphor and AIDS and Its Metaphors. New York: Anchor Books, 1989.
Tan, Amy. The Hundred Secret Senses. New York: Ivy Books, 1995.
Watson, C. W. Multiculturalism: Concepts in the Social Sciences. Buckingham: Open University, 2000.
Zhang, De-jian(Qing). Zeiqing Huizuan (Collected Information about the Rebels). Taiping Tianguo Wenxian Huibian San (Collective Documents of Heavenly Kingdom Vol.3). Ed. Jia-luo Yang. Taipei: Dingwen Bookstore, 1973.
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
英國語文學研究所
89551015
92
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0089551015
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 劉建基zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Liu, Jen-jien_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 陳厚仁zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) How-ren Chenen_US
dc.creator (作者) 陳厚仁zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) How-ren Chenen_US
dc.date (日期) 2003en_US
dc.date.accessioned 17-Sep-2009 16:16:09 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 17-Sep-2009 16:16:09 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 17-Sep-2009 16:16:09 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0089551015en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/33326-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 英國語文學研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 89551015zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 92zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本篇論文試圖以列維納斯之倫理哲學、傅科和薩依德的觀點來分析、討論譚恩美的小說《百種神秘感》。小說透過兩種敘述的並置,描繪同父異母兩姊妹—中國出生的李關與美國長大的葉奧莉薇—之間的關係,以及一趟迷人的穿越時空之旅。譚恩美藉由這故事傳達她對倫理議題中「他者」的關懷。由於西方哲學及認識論傳統自柏拉圖以降便將「我思」的想法視為靈魂與自我的對話,認為一切真理皆在自身之中。在這樣的思想體系架構下,「他者」被視為暫時脫離但最終將被「同一」(「自我」)給同化的客體。易言之,「他者」的「他性」(或「無限性」)在「同一」的「整體」之中是可被壓制、吸納。大體而言,西方哲學其實是一門有關自戀的「同一」、而非有關真正「他者」的知識。
正是在這樣的哲學背景之下,《百種神秘感》探索許多知識所蘊含有關「整體」的論述暴力,比如心理學、西方醫藥論述及歷史學。同樣地,小說也批判了許多跨文化關係當中所表現出的「整體」暴力。在小說中,西方人透過東方主義式的觀點看待非西方人及他者的文化,並建構出一系列簡化的二元對立概念—西方與東方、文明與野蠻、自我與他者等。列維納斯反對這種不公平且充滿暴力的西方哲學傳統,是以他提出了肯定「他者」之「他性」的倫理哲學。在倫理關係中「自我」與「他者」兩者和平共存;兩者之間有關係但各自獨立。「自我」的主體性因「他者」的存在而建立,因而是為「他者」服務的。在倫理關係中「自我」對「他者」負有責任。藉由列維納斯、傅科和薩依德的觀點,本論文將探討《百種神秘感》中人際關係與文化交流間的他者倫理意涵。
zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) This thesis aims to investigate Amy Tan’s The Hundred Secret Senses in terms of Emmanuel Levinas’s ethical philosophy, Michel Foucault’s discursive theory and Edward Said’s observations about Orientalism. Through the use of juxtaposition of two narratives, the novel depicts the relationship between two half sisters, Chinese-born Kwan Li and Chinese American Olivia Yee, and a fascinating journey through time and space. By telling this amazing story, Tan expresses her serious concern for ethical issue of the Other. Western philosophy and epistemology have a tradition of totalizing thought. Plato regarded the “I think” thought as the dialogue of the soul with itself; truth was said to inhabit the soul. In western philosophical tradition, the Other is viewed as something that is temporarily separate from the Same (the Self) but is ultimately reconcilable with the Same. In other words, the otherness of the Other is assimilated and oppressed within the totality of the Same. Hence western philosophy is a knowledge about the narcissistic Same, rather than about genuine Other.
The Hundred Secret Senses explores the discursive violence of totality in various knowledges such as psychology, medicine, and history. Likewise, the novel also depicts the violence of totality in intercultural relationships. The westerners in the novel tend to view non-westerners and their culture in an Orientalist way, in which a series of constructed opposites are adopted—West/Orient; Civilized/Barbaric; We/They. Against this violent and unjust tradition in western philosophy, Levinas advocates an ethical philosophy, in which the Other is affirmed in his otherness. In the Levinasian ethical relationship, the Self and the Other are viewed as separate but connected terms; neither is assimilated into or confused with the other. Ethical relationship is the coexistence of Totality and Infinity (otherness). Subjectivity of the Self is awakened by the presence of the Other; hence its essence is for the Other. In ethical relationship the Self has responsibility for the Other. Through the perspectives of Levinas, Foucault and Said, the thesis will also scrutinize the ethical meaning of interpersonal relations and cultural exchanges in The Hundred Secret Senses.
en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents Acknowledgement………………………………………………………………….iv
Chinese Abstract…………………………………………………………………..vii
English Abstract…………………………………………………………………..viii
Chapter I Introduction
………………………………………………………………………1
Chapter II Totality in Discourse
……………………………………………………………………..17
Chapter III Totality in Orientalism
……………………………………………………………………..46
Chapter IV Totality and Infinity
……………………………………………………………………73
Chapter V Conclusion
……………………………………………………………………..93
Works Cited………………………………………………………………………..101
zh_TW
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dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0089551015en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 倫理學zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 列維那斯zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 譚恩美zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 傅科zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 薩依德zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Ethicsen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Emmanuel Levinasen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Amy Tanen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Michel Foucaulten_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Edward Saiden_US
dc.title (題名) 譚恩美小說《百種神秘感》中的倫理關係zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Ethical Relationship in Amy Tan’s The Hundred Secret Sensesen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ashcroft, Bill and Pal Ahluwalia. Edward Said: The Paradoxes of Identity. London: Routledge, 1999.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chang, Wei-chung. Storytelling and Private Talk in Amy Tan`s The Joy Luck Club, The Kitchen God`s Wife, and The Hundred Secret Senses. M.A. Thesis. Taipei: Chinese Culture University, 2000.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Cohen, Richard A. “Translator’s Introduction” to Levinas’s Ethics and Infinity: Conversations with Philippe Nemo. Trans. Richard A. Cohen. Pittsburgh: Duquesne UP, 1985.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Danaher, Geoff, Tony Schirato, and Jen Webb. “History and Geopolitics.” Understanding Foucault. London: SAGE Publications, 2000.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Davis, Colin. Levinas: An Introduction. Cambridge: 1996, Polity Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Delicka, Magdalena. “American Magic Realism: Crossing the Borders in Literatures of the Margins.” Journal of American Studies of Turkey. 6:25-33. 1997 Fall. http://www.bilkent.edu.tr/~jast/Number6/Delicka.html p.1-8.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Doyle, Michael W. Empires. Ithaca: Cornell UP, 1986.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Foucault, Michel. The Archaeology of Knowledge and The Discourse on Language. Trans. A. M. Sheridan Smith. New York: Pantheon Books, 1972.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) ----. Mental Illness and Psychology. Trans. Alan Sheridan. Berkeley: U of California P, 1976.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) ----. Language, Counter-Memory, Practice: Selected Essays and Interviews. Ed. Donald F. Bouchard. Trans. Donald F. Bouchard and Sherry Simon. Ithaca: Cornell UP, 1977.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) ----. History of Sexuality. Vol.1. London: Penguin Books, 1978.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) ----. Power/Knowledge: Selected Interviews and Other Writings 1972-1977. Ed. Colin Gordon. Trans. Colin Gordon et al. New York: Pantheon Books, 1980.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) ----. “The Order of Discourse.” Untying the Text: A Post-Structuralist Reader. Ed. Robert Young London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1981. P.48-78.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) ----. Madness and Civilization: A History of Insanity in the Age of Reason. Trans. Richard Howard. New York: Vintage Books, 1988.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) ----. “Psychiatric Power.” Ethics: Subjectivity and Truth. Ed. Paul Rabinow. Trans. Robert Hurley et al. New York: The New Press, 1997. p.38-50.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) ----. “On the Genealogy of Ethics.” Ethics: Subjectivity and Truth. Ed. Paul Rabinow. Trans. Robert Hurley et al. New York: The New Press, 1997. p.253-80.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) ----. “What is Enlightenment.” Ethics: Subjectivity and Truth. Ed. Paul Rabinow. Trans. Robert Hurley et al. New York: The New Press, 1997. p.303-19.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Grolier Multimedia Encyclopedia (1995).http://courses.wcupa.edu/fletcher/hakka.htmzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Grumley, John E. “Michel Foucault: Anti-totalising Scepticism or Totalising Prophecy?” History and Totality: Radical Historicism from Hegel to Foucault. London: Routledge, 1989.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Hawthorn, Jeremy. A Concise Glossary of Contemporary Literary Theory. New York: Oxford UP, 1998.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Hobson, J.A. Imperialism: A Study. Ann Arbor: U of Michigan P, 1972.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Huntley, E.D. ed. “The Hundred Secret Senses.” Amy Tan: A Critical Companion. Westport: Greenwood, 1998. p.113-149.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Hutcheon, Linda. A Poetics of Postmodernism: History, Theory, Fiction. London: Routledge, 1988.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kiernan, V.G. “Tennyson, King Arthur and Imperialism.” Poets, Politics, and the People. Ed. Harvey J. Kaye. London: Verso, 1989.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Levinas, Emmanuel. Totality and Infinity: An Essay on Exteriority. Trans. Alphonso Lingis. Pittsburgh: Duquesne UP, 1969.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) ----, Ethics and Infinity: Conversations with Philippe Nemo. Trans. by Richard Cohen. Pittsburgh: Duquesne UP, 1985.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lyotard, Jean-Francois. The Postmodern Condition: A Report on Knowledge. Trans. Geoff Bennington and Brian Massumi. Manchester: Manchester UP, 1986.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ma, Sheng-mei. “’Chinese and Dogs’ in Amy Tan’s The Hundred Secret Senses: Ethnicizing the Primitive a la New Age.”zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) http://www.findarticles.com/cf_0/m2278/1_26/77049932/p1/article.jhtml?term=%2BKitchen+%2BWife+%2BTan. July 1.2002. p.1-14.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Mao, Ying-zhang. Taiping Tianguo Shimoji (The Rise and Fall of Heavenly Kingdom). Taipei: Taipei Publishers, 1979.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Mills, Sara. Discourse. New York: Routledge, 1997.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Peperzak, Adriaan. To the Other: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Emmanuel Levinas. West Lafayette: Purdue UP, 1993.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Said, Edward. Orientalism. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1978.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) ----. Culture and Imperialism. New York: Vintage Books, 1994.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Sartre, Jean-Paul. “Preface” to Frantz Fanon, Wretched of the Earth. Trans. Constance Farrington. New York: Grove, 1968.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Sinclair, John et al. ed. Collins Cobuild English Dictionary. London: HarperCollins Publishers, 1995.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Sontag, Susan. On Photography. New York: Anchor Books, 1977.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) ----. Illness as Metaphor and AIDS and Its Metaphors. New York: Anchor Books, 1989.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Tan, Amy. The Hundred Secret Senses. New York: Ivy Books, 1995.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Watson, C. W. Multiculturalism: Concepts in the Social Sciences. Buckingham: Open University, 2000.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Zhang, De-jian(Qing). Zeiqing Huizuan (Collected Information about the Rebels). Taiping Tianguo Wenxian Huibian San (Collective Documents of Heavenly Kingdom Vol.3). Ed. Jia-luo Yang. Taipei: Dingwen Bookstore, 1973.zh_TW