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題名 重訪偉大故事:《微物之神》中的純潔神話
Revisiting Great Stories: the Myth of Purity in The God of Small Things
作者 梁曉菁
Liang, Hsiao-ching
貢獻者 謝瑤玲<br>陳音頤
Hsieh, Yau-ling<br>Chen, Yin-i
梁曉菁
Liang, Hsiao-ching
關鍵詞 阿蘭達蒂•羅依
《微物之神》
李歐塔
大論述
克莉斯蒂娃
《恐怖的力量》
賤斥
賤民
Arundhati Roy
The God of Small Things
Jean-Fran&ccedil;ois Lyotard
grand narrative
Julia Kristeva
Powers of Horror
abject
the untouchables
日期 2004
上傳時間 17-Sep-2009 16:20:16 (UTC+8)
摘要 阿蘭達蒂•羅依的第一部長篇小說(也是目前唯一一部)《微物之神》迄今已出版了八年之久。由於書中所觸及到的議題繁多，包括印度賤民階級所受到的不平等待遇，施加在婦女身上的肉體與精神上的暴力，或是在全球化下地方文化的邊緣化，所以至今仍贏得許多不同領域的研究者的關注。有些研究者將這本小說視為一個表現後殖民時期印度社會的文本；有些則將其視為將正規英文轉化為實驗性語言的絕佳典範；另外有些則將其視為一本宣揚女性權利的小說。
以上這些議題我在這本論文中或多或少都有所涉及，並以「純潔」典範的角度來探討。這裡所謂的「純潔」典範，指的是一種只接受特定受認可特質，並排斥任何在認可範圍外的存在，具將其視為「不潔」的系統。因此在文中「純潔」一字的指涉範圍含括衛生方面的乾淨，儀式上的潔淨，以至於在種族以及文化意含中的純淨。在第一章中，我會對文本做一個背景知識的介紹。在第二章，我將表明羅伊在小說中刻意破壞「大論述」的目的，並說明羅伊行文中表現出「大故事」的單薄度，以及這些大故事如何造成弱勢主體的隱没。在第三章中，討論將延伸到維魯沙這個角色上。首先我會解釋及解讀他賤民身份所被賦與的本質，接下來我會分析他所帶有的「不潔」意涵是如何及為什麼使他成為是代罪羔羊。在第四章中，我同樣的運用「純潔」與「不潔」間的對立關係來解讀小說中女性角色的處境。如同維魯沙一般，瑞海兒與阿慕也同樣在「純潔」符碼的宰制之下。它的標準支配了女性以及母性的合宜行止的內含。這些女性主角們也因此受限於「純潔」意涵的羅網之中。最後，我會在第五章中回頭總結前面幾章所提到的議題。此外，我會對於羅伊小說內容中所反映出來的當代印度社會與歷史的角度做一些討論，因為這點曾經引起爭議，並以此做為這本論文的尾聲。
Arundhati Roy’s prestigious first novel (and maybe the only novel), The God of Small Things, has already come out for eight years. It contains such exuberance of topics, such as the inequality towards the untouchables, the physical and mental violence abuse upon woman, or the marginalization of the local culture under the influences of globalization, that it has earned the attention of many researchers from different fields even till now. Some of researchers consider the text as a fiction which presents postcolonial India, others find the book as a perfect demonstration of how proper English is transformed into a more experimental form; still others treat the novel as an assertion of female rights.
In this thesis, I more or less touch all of the above topics, and investigate them in the light of “the model of purity,” the system which only recognizes the approved essence and wipes off anything that is not. Thus in this thesis the term purity refers to concepts of the hygienic purity, ritual purity, and also the purity in the ethnic and cultural aspect. I will give background knowledge to the book in Chapter One. Then, in Chapter Two I declare Roy’s intention to mime the grand narrative in her novel, and how Roy’s writing lays bare the fragility of The Great Stories and how they work to ensure the invisibility of the minor subjects. In Chapter Three, I extend my discussion to the character Velutha. Firstly I explain and interpret his essence by his untouchable background; then I will analyze how and why his impure essence makes him a victim of others’ irrational malice. In Chapter Four, I also apply the opposition of purity and impurity to read the situation of the female characters in the novel. Like Velutha, the heroines Rahel and Ammu are also under surveillance of the purity code. The criterion of purity dictates not only the context of decent womanhood but also motherhood. The female protagonists are thus caught in the inescapable network of purity. Finally, I will have a retrospective look on my thesis in Chapter Five. Apart from this, I will have a brief discussion about the social reality reflected in Roy’s text as this issue once brought about controversy. This small debate will serve as my finale.
參考文獻 Adhikari, Madhumalati. “Enclosure and Freedom: Arundhati Roy’s The God of Small
Things.” Explorations : Arundhati Roy`s the God of small things. Ed. Indira
Bhatt and Indira Nityanandam. New Delhi: Creative Books, 1999.
Ahmad, Aijaz. “Reading Arundhati Roy Politically.” Frontline. 8 Aug. 1997: 103-9.
Alexander, K. C. “The Neo-Christian of Kerala.” The Untouchables in Contemporary
India. Ed. J. Michael Mahar. Tucson: The University of Arizona Press, 1972.
Allen, Michael, and S. N. Mukherjee. Women in India and Nepal. Canberra: AMU
Printing for the South Asian History, 1982.
Bakhtin, Mikhail Mikhailovich. The Dialogic Imagination: Four Essays. Ed. Michael
Holquist. Trans. Caryl Emerson and Michael Holquist. Austin: The University of Texas Press, 1981.
Barthes, Roland. Mythologies. Trans. Jonathan Cape Ltd. New York: Hill and Wang,
1972.
Bataille, Georges. The Accursed Share: An Essay on General Economy. Trans. La part
maudite. Vol. 2. New York: Zone Books, 1991.
Blodgett, Harriet. “Mimesis and Metaphor: Food Imagery in Twentieth-Century
Women’s Writing.” Language & Literature. 40.3(2004): 260-96.
Bose, Brinda. “In Desire and in Death: Eroticism as Politics in Arundhati Roy’s The
God of Small Things.” Ariel: A Review of International English Literature.
29.2(1998): 59-72.
Brah, Avtar. Cartographies of Diaspora: Contesting Identities. London: Routledge,
1996.
Carroll, David. “Narrative, Heterogeneity, and the Question of the Political: Bakhtin
and Lyotard”. Ed. Murray Krieger, The Aims of Representation: Subject/Text/History. Stanford: Stanford Up. 1993.
Chandra, Amit. “The Construction of the Indian Novel in English.” The Picador book
of Modern Indian Literature. London: Macmillan, 2001.
Dasan, M. “Arundhati Hits the Socio-Political Ball.” The Critical Studies of
Arundhati Roy’s The God of Small Things. Ed. Jaydipshinh Dodiya and Joya
Charkravarty. New Delhi: Atlantic Publishers and Distributors, 1999. P. 26.
Dhruvarajan, Vanaja. Hindu Women and The Power of Ideology. Massachusetts:
Bergin & Garvey Publishers, 1989.
Dinnerstein, Dorothy. The Mermaid and The Minotaur: Sexual Arrangements and
Human Malasaise. New York: Harper & Row, 1976.
Douglas, Mary. Purity and Danger: An Analysis of Concept of Pollution and Taboo.
London: Routledge, 2002.
Dumont, Louis. Homo Hierarchicus: The Caste System and Its Implications. Trans.
Mark Sainsbury. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1970.
Friedman, Susan Stanford. Mappings: Feminism and the Cultural Geographies of
Encounter. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1998.
---. “Feminism, State Fictions and Violence: Gender, Geopolitics and
Transnationalism.” Communal/ Plural: Journal of Transnational &
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Fromm, Erich. Man for himself: An Enquiry into the Psychology of Ethics. London:
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Frumkes, Lewis Burke. Writer. 111.11(1998): 23-4.
Gedalof, Irene. Against Purity: Rethinking Identity with Indian and Western Feminism. London: Routledge, 1999.
Gilbert, Sandra and Susan Gubar. The Mad Woman in the Attic. New Haven: Yale
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Harriet, Blodgett. “Mimesis and Metaphor: Food Imagery in Twentieth-Century
Women’s Writing.” Language & Literature. 40.3(2004): 260-96.
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Kristeva, Julia. Revolution in Poetic Language. New York: Columbia University Press, 1984.
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---. Powers of Horror: An Essay on Abjection. Trans. Leon S. Roudiez. New York:
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Report of the National Commission for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes for the Years 1994-95 & 1995-96. New Delhi: Government of India, 1997.
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描述 碩士
國立政治大學
英國語文學研究所
915510081
93
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0915510081
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 謝瑤玲<br>陳音頤zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Hsieh, Yau-ling<br>Chen, Yin-ien_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 梁曉菁zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Liang, Hsiao-chingen_US
dc.creator (作者) 梁曉菁zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Liang, Hsiao-chingen_US
dc.date (日期) 2004en_US
dc.date.accessioned 17-Sep-2009 16:20:16 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 17-Sep-2009 16:20:16 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 17-Sep-2009 16:20:16 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0915510081en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/33347-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 英國語文學研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 915510081zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 93zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 阿蘭達蒂•羅依的第一部長篇小說(也是目前唯一一部)《微物之神》迄今已出版了八年之久。由於書中所觸及到的議題繁多，包括印度賤民階級所受到的不平等待遇，施加在婦女身上的肉體與精神上的暴力，或是在全球化下地方文化的邊緣化，所以至今仍贏得許多不同領域的研究者的關注。有些研究者將這本小說視為一個表現後殖民時期印度社會的文本；有些則將其視為將正規英文轉化為實驗性語言的絕佳典範；另外有些則將其視為一本宣揚女性權利的小說。
以上這些議題我在這本論文中或多或少都有所涉及，並以「純潔」典範的角度來探討。這裡所謂的「純潔」典範，指的是一種只接受特定受認可特質，並排斥任何在認可範圍外的存在，具將其視為「不潔」的系統。因此在文中「純潔」一字的指涉範圍含括衛生方面的乾淨，儀式上的潔淨，以至於在種族以及文化意含中的純淨。在第一章中，我會對文本做一個背景知識的介紹。在第二章，我將表明羅伊在小說中刻意破壞「大論述」的目的，並說明羅伊行文中表現出「大故事」的單薄度，以及這些大故事如何造成弱勢主體的隱没。在第三章中，討論將延伸到維魯沙這個角色上。首先我會解釋及解讀他賤民身份所被賦與的本質，接下來我會分析他所帶有的「不潔」意涵是如何及為什麼使他成為是代罪羔羊。在第四章中，我同樣的運用「純潔」與「不潔」間的對立關係來解讀小說中女性角色的處境。如同維魯沙一般，瑞海兒與阿慕也同樣在「純潔」符碼的宰制之下。它的標準支配了女性以及母性的合宜行止的內含。這些女性主角們也因此受限於「純潔」意涵的羅網之中。最後，我會在第五章中回頭總結前面幾章所提到的議題。此外，我會對於羅伊小說內容中所反映出來的當代印度社會與歷史的角度做一些討論，因為這點曾經引起爭議，並以此做為這本論文的尾聲。		zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) Arundhati Roy’s prestigious first novel (and maybe the only novel), The God of Small Things, has already come out for eight years. It contains such exuberance of topics, such as the inequality towards the untouchables, the physical and mental violence abuse upon woman, or the marginalization of the local culture under the influences of globalization, that it has earned the attention of many researchers from different fields even till now. Some of researchers consider the text as a fiction which presents postcolonial India, others find the book as a perfect demonstration of how proper English is transformed into a more experimental form; still others treat the novel as an assertion of female rights.
In this thesis, I more or less touch all of the above topics, and investigate them in the light of “the model of purity,” the system which only recognizes the approved essence and wipes off anything that is not. Thus in this thesis the term purity refers to concepts of the hygienic purity, ritual purity, and also the purity in the ethnic and cultural aspect. I will give background knowledge to the book in Chapter One. Then, in Chapter Two I declare Roy’s intention to mime the grand narrative in her novel, and how Roy’s writing lays bare the fragility of The Great Stories and how they work to ensure the invisibility of the minor subjects. In Chapter Three, I extend my discussion to the character Velutha. Firstly I explain and interpret his essence by his untouchable background; then I will analyze how and why his impure essence makes him a victim of others’ irrational malice. In Chapter Four, I also apply the opposition of purity and impurity to read the situation of the female characters in the novel. Like Velutha, the heroines Rahel and Ammu are also under surveillance of the purity code. The criterion of purity dictates not only the context of decent womanhood but also motherhood. The female protagonists are thus caught in the inescapable network of purity. Finally, I will have a retrospective look on my thesis in Chapter Five. Apart from this, I will have a brief discussion about the social reality reflected in Roy’s text as this issue once brought about controversy. This small debate will serve as my finale.		en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents Acknowledgments...........................................iii
Chinese abstract..........................................iv
English Abstract..........................................v
Chapter
I. Introduction..................................1
II. What Myth Are We Living in?..................17
III. Velutha the Obscure: the Man Who Left No
Footprints.......................42
IV. The Hidden Myth of the Dirty Goddess.........69
V. Conclusions...................................97
Works Cited...............................................103		zh_TW
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dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0915510081en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 阿蘭達蒂•羅依zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 《微物之神》zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 李歐塔zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 大論述zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 克莉斯蒂娃zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 《恐怖的力量》zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 賤斥zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 賤民zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Arundhati Royen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) The God of Small Thingsen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Jean-Fran&ccedil;ois Lyotarden_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) grand narrativeen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Julia Kristevaen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Powers of Horroren_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) abjecten_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) the untouchablesen_US
dc.title (題名) 重訪偉大故事:《微物之神》中的純潔神話zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Revisiting Great Stories: the Myth of Purity in The God of Small Thingsen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Adhikari, Madhumalati. “Enclosure and Freedom: Arundhati Roy’s The God of Smallzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Things.” Explorations : Arundhati Roy`s the God of small things. Ed. Indirazh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bhatt and Indira Nityanandam. New Delhi: Creative Books, 1999.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ahmad, Aijaz. “Reading Arundhati Roy Politically.” Frontline. 8 Aug. 1997: 103-9.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Alexander, K. C. “The Neo-Christian of Kerala.” The Untouchables in Contemporaryzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) India. Ed. J. Michael Mahar. Tucson: The University of Arizona Press, 1972.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Allen, Michael, and S. N. Mukherjee. Women in India and Nepal. Canberra: AMUzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Printing for the South Asian History, 1982.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bakhtin, Mikhail Mikhailovich. The Dialogic Imagination: Four Essays. Ed. Michaelzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Holquist. Trans. Caryl Emerson and Michael Holquist. Austin: The University of Texas Press, 1981.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Barthes, Roland. Mythologies. Trans. Jonathan Cape Ltd. New York: Hill and Wang,zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 1972.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bataille, Georges. The Accursed Share: An Essay on General Economy. Trans. La partzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) maudite. Vol. 2. New York: Zone Books, 1991.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Blodgett, Harriet. “Mimesis and Metaphor: Food Imagery in Twentieth-Centuryzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Women’s Writing.” Language & Literature. 40.3(2004): 260-96.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bose, Brinda. “In Desire and in Death: Eroticism as Politics in Arundhati Roy’s Thezh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) God of Small Things.” Ariel: A Review of International English Literature.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 29.2(1998): 59-72.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Brah, Avtar. Cartographies of Diaspora: Contesting Identities. London: Routledge,zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 1996.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Carroll, David. “Narrative, Heterogeneity, and the Question of the Political: Bakhtinzh_TW
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