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題名 漢語複合動趨結構的詞彙化現象
Predicate Patterns in Mandarin Complex V-D Constructions: With the Perspective of Lexicalization
作者 江正達
Chiang,,Cheng-ta
貢獻者 張郇慧
Chang,Hsun-Huei
江正達
Chiang,,Cheng-ta
關鍵詞 漢語複合動趨結構
詞彙化
Mandarin Complex V-D Construstions
[V-D-lai/qu]
Lexicalization
Semantic reduction
Grammatical reduction
日期 2003
上傳時間 17-Sep-2009 16:23:37 (UTC+8)
摘要 　　以往從句法或詞彙學的角度對漢語複合動趨結構［V-D-lai/qu］的研究，並沒有達到具全盤性且令人滿意的共識。本篇論文採用了詞彙化的觀點，認為從語意及構詞句法兩個方面出發，藉由探討複合動趨結構由句法轉向詞彙的過程，有助於理解此一結構在詞彙句法上表現的紛歧。
　　我們認為複合動趨結構立基於［D-lai/qu］，並據此推論出三個相關類型：詞彙結構［V-［D-lai/qu］］和句法結構［［V-D］…lai/qu］及［V…［D-lai/qu］］。在［D-lai/qu］的詞彙化過程中，語意結構的改變促使詞彙句法結構隨之變動，而複合動趨結構因採用了［D-lai/qu］結構為基礎，也自然具備了同樣性質的變化。由上述複合動趨結構的例子中，證實了詞彙化過程中語意結構的改變通常早於詞彙句法結構，並會與之互動促其產生變化，進而步入更高一層的詞彙化階段。
Traditional syntactic and lexical approaches do not reach a satisfactory conclusion to explain Mandarin complex V-Ds. In this thesis, the framework of lexicalization is adopted. Through discussing both semantic and morphosyntactic structures, lexicalization helps to clarify how complex V-Ds turn from syntactic constructions to lexical items. And this change can be a key point in explaining why complex V-Ds present variant syntactic behaviors, especially in relation to OBJs.
It is asserted that the complex V-Ds must be built on the [D-lai/qu] structure. According to it, three patterns in complex V-Ds are formulated: lexical [V-[D-lai/qu]] structure and syntactic [[V-D]…lai/qu] and [V…[D-lai/qu]] constructions. In the lexicalization of the [D-lai/qu] structure, deviation of “lai/qu” claims change in the semantic structure. And this change also affects the morphosyntactic structure, banning the syntactic realization of LOCATION argument. The same change is applied to complex V-Ds since the [D-lai/qu] structure is the basis of them.
From the lexicalization process of the above two, semantic reduction does precede the grammatical reduction. Semantic structure interacts with morphosyntactic structure and the change in semantic structure urges morphosyntactic performances to alter. Since the morphosyntactic structure starts to change, the internal connections can become opaque and lead to a higher degree of lexicalization.
參考文獻 Blank, Andreas. 2001. Pathways on lexicalization. Language typology and language universals, ed. by Martin Haspelmath and Ekkehard Konig, 1596-608. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Cabrera, Juan C. Moreno. 1998. On the relationship between grammaticalization and lexicalization. The limits of grammaticalization, ed. by Anna Giacalone Ramat and Paul J. Hopper, 211-27. Amsterdam/ Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
Cao, Guangqu (曹廣衢). 1994. Zhuangdongzu quxiang buyu de qiyuan han fazhan (壯侗族趨向補語起源和發展). Minzu Yuwen (民族語文) 4. 35-40.
Carrier, Jill, and Janet H. Randall. 1992. The argument structure and syntactic structure of resultatives. Linguistic Inquiry 23:2. 173-234.
Di Sciullo, Anna Maria, and Edwin Williams. 1987. On the definition of word. Cambridge, Massachusetts. The MIT Press.
Dong, Xiufang (董秀芳). 2002. Cihuihua: Hanyu shuangyinci de yansheng han fazhan (詞彙化: 漢語雙音詞的衍生和發展). Chengdu: Sichuan Minzu Chubanshe (四川民族出版社).
Fan, Xiao (范曉). 1996. Sange pingmian de yufaguan (三個平面的語法觀). Beijing: Beijing Yuyanwenhua Daxue Chubanshe (北京語言文化大學出版社).
Fang, Jingmin (方經民). 1999. Hanyu kongjian fangweicanzhao de renzhijiegou (漢語空間方位參照的認知結構). Shijie Hanyu Jiaoxue (世界漢語教學) 4. 32-38.
Fang, Yuqing (房玉清). 1992. Shiyong Hanyu yufa (實用漢語語法). Beijing: Beijing Yuyanwenhua Daxue Chubanshe (北京語言文化大學出版社).
Guo, Weiru (郭維茹). 2000. Jumo zhuci lai and qu, chanzong yulu zhi qingtai tixi yanjiu (句末助詞「來」,「去」 禪宗語錄之情態體系研究). MA thesis. Taipei: National Taiwan University.
Li, Charles N., and Sandra Thompson. 1981. Mandarin Chinese: A functional reference grammar. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Li, Yafei. 1990. On V-D compounds in Chinese. Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 8. 177-207.
Lieber, Rochelle. 1983. Argument linking and compounds in English. Linguistic Inquiry 14:2. 251-85.
Lin, Huang-Hui. 1993. A study of Verb Object constructions in Mandarin Chinese: An incorporation approach. MA thesis. Taipei: National Cheng-chi University.
Liu, Yuehua et al. (劉月華等) (eds.) 1998. Quxiang buyu tongshi (趨向補語通釋). Beijing: Beijing Yuyanwenhua Daxue Chubanshe (北京語言文化大學出版社).
Liu, Yuehua, Wenyu Pan, and Wei Gu. (劉月華, 潘文娛, 故韡). 1996. Modern Chinese grammar (實用現代漢語語法). Taipei: Shida Shuyuan (師大書苑).
Lu, Jianming (陸儉明). 1985. On the construction “qu+vp” and “vp+qu”. Yuyan Jiaoxue yu Yanjiu (語言教學與研究) 4. 18-33.
Lu, John H-T. 1973. The Verb-Verb construction with a directional complement in Mandarin. Journal of Chinese Linguistics 1:2. 239-55.
Lu, John H-T. 1977. Resultative verb compounds vs. directional verb compounds in Mandarin. Journal of Chinese Linguistics 5. 276-313.
Matsumoto, Yo. 1996. Complex predicates in Japanese: A syntactic and semantic study of the notion ‘Word.’ Standor, California: CSLI Publications.
Miao, Jinan (繆錦安). 1990. Hanyu de yuyijiegou han buyuxingshi (漢語的語義結構和補語形式). Shanghai: Shanghai Waiyu Jiaoyu Chubanshe (上海外語教育出版社).
Morita, Junya. 1995. Lexicalization by ways of context-dependent nonce-word formation. English Studies 5. 468-73.
Packard, Jerome L. 2000. The morphology of Chinese. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Qi, Huyang (齊滬揚). 1998. Xiandai Hanyu de kongjian xitong (現代漢語的空間系統). Shijie Hanyu Jiaoxue (世界漢語教學) 1. 22-33.
Selkirk, Elisabeth O. 1982. The syntax of words. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press.
Talmy, Leonardo. 1985. Lexicalization patterns: Semantic structure in lexical forms. Language typology and syntactic description: Vol. 3: Grammatical categories and the lexicon, ed. by Timothy Shopen, 57-149. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Tang, Ting-chi. 1992. Studies on Chinese morphology and syntax: 4. Taipei: Student Book Co.
Thompson, Sandra Annear. 1973. Resultative verb compounds in Mandarin Chinese: A case for lexical rules. Language 49:2. 367-79.
Wu, Jingcun, and Boshu Liang (吳競存, 梁伯樞). 1992. Xiandai Hanyu jufa jiegou yu fenxi (現代漢語句法結構與分析). Beijing: Yuwen Chubanshe (語文出版社).
Xiao, Shuangrong (肖雙榮). 2000. Quxiang jiegou zhong de keguan canzhao he zhuguang canzhao (趨向結構中的客觀參照和主觀參照). Ludi Shizhuan Xuebao (婁底師專學報) 1. 51-53.
Xin, Chengji (辛承姬). 1998. Liendong jiego zhong de lai (連動結構中的“來”). Hanyu Yanjiu (漢語研究) 2. 53-58.
Xin, Chengji (辛承姬). 2000. Hanyu quxiang dongci xitong (漢語趨向動詞系統). Chinese Linguistics (漢語學報) 1. 103-11.
Yang, Yuerong (楊月蓉). 1999. Shiyong Hanyu yu fa yu xiuci (實用漢語語法與修辭). Chongqing: Xinan Shifan Daxue Chubanshe (西南師範大學出版社).
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
語言學研究所
89555004
92
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0089555004
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 張郇慧zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Chang,Hsun-Hueien_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 江正達zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Chiang,,Cheng-taen_US
dc.creator (作者) 江正達zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Chiang,,Cheng-taen_US
dc.date (日期) 2003en_US
dc.date.accessioned 17-Sep-2009 16:23:37 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 17-Sep-2009 16:23:37 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 17-Sep-2009 16:23:37 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0089555004en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/33364-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 語言學研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 89555004zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 92zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 　　以往從句法或詞彙學的角度對漢語複合動趨結構［V-D-lai/qu］的研究，並沒有達到具全盤性且令人滿意的共識。本篇論文採用了詞彙化的觀點，認為從語意及構詞句法兩個方面出發，藉由探討複合動趨結構由句法轉向詞彙的過程，有助於理解此一結構在詞彙句法上表現的紛歧。
　　我們認為複合動趨結構立基於［D-lai/qu］，並據此推論出三個相關類型：詞彙結構［V-［D-lai/qu］］和句法結構［［V-D］…lai/qu］及［V…［D-lai/qu］］。在［D-lai/qu］的詞彙化過程中，語意結構的改變促使詞彙句法結構隨之變動，而複合動趨結構因採用了［D-lai/qu］結構為基礎，也自然具備了同樣性質的變化。由上述複合動趨結構的例子中，證實了詞彙化過程中語意結構的改變通常早於詞彙句法結構，並會與之互動促其產生變化，進而步入更高一層的詞彙化階段。		zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) Traditional syntactic and lexical approaches do not reach a satisfactory conclusion to explain Mandarin complex V-Ds. In this thesis, the framework of lexicalization is adopted. Through discussing both semantic and morphosyntactic structures, lexicalization helps to clarify how complex V-Ds turn from syntactic constructions to lexical items. And this change can be a key point in explaining why complex V-Ds present variant syntactic behaviors, especially in relation to OBJs.
It is asserted that the complex V-Ds must be built on the [D-lai/qu] structure. According to it, three patterns in complex V-Ds are formulated: lexical [V-[D-lai/qu]] structure and syntactic [[V-D]…lai/qu] and [V…[D-lai/qu]] constructions. In the lexicalization of the [D-lai/qu] structure, deviation of “lai/qu” claims change in the semantic structure. And this change also affects the morphosyntactic structure, banning the syntactic realization of LOCATION argument. The same change is applied to complex V-Ds since the [D-lai/qu] structure is the basis of them.
From the lexicalization process of the above two, semantic reduction does precede the grammatical reduction. Semantic structure interacts with morphosyntactic structure and the change in semantic structure urges morphosyntactic performances to alter. Since the morphosyntactic structure starts to change, the internal connections can become opaque and lead to a higher degree of lexicalization.		en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 1. Introduction................................................1
1.1 Lexicalization Patterns and Complex Predicates.............1
1.2 Mandarin Complex V-D Constructions.........................4
1.3 Motivation and Assumptions.................................6

2. Literature Review...........................................9
2.1 Predicate Pattern One: [V-D-lai/qu]........................9
2.2 Predicate Pattern Two: [V-D][lai/qu]......................11
2.2.1 Verbal Particle Analysis................................12
2.2.2 Serial Verb Construction Analysis.......................12
2.2.3 Comments................................................13
2.3 Remarks...................................................14

3. Theoretical Framework......................................19
3.1 Introduction to Lexicalization............................20
3.2 Semantic Reduction........................................23
3.3 Grammatical Reduction.....................................27
3.4 Packard`s Category........................................32

4. Analyzing [D-lai/qu] Structures............................35
4.1 Syntactic Background: Splitting [D…lai/qu] Constructions.35
4.1.1 Semantic Characteristics................................36
4.1.2 Syntactic Characteristics...............................44
4.2 Lexicalization of [D-lai/qu] Structures...................47
4.2.1 Semantic Reduction......................................48
4.2.2 Grammatical Reduction...................................51
4.2.2.1 Grammatical Category..................................51
4.2.2.2 Argument Structure....................................55
4.2.3 Packard`s Category......................................60

5. Analyzing [V-D-lai/qu] Structures..........................63
5.1 Syntactic Background: Splitting [[V-D]…lai/qu] and [V…[D-lai/qu]] Constructions........................................63
5.1.1 Splitting [[V-D]…lai/qu] Construction..................64
5.1.2 Splitting [V…[D-lai/qu]] Construction..................70
5.2 Lexicalization of [V-D-lai/qu] Structures.................73
5.2.1 Semantic Reduction......................................75
5.2.2 Grammatical Reduction...................................76
5.2.2.1 Grammatical Category..................................77
5.2.2.2 Argument Structure....................................81
5.2.3 Packard`s Category......................................85

6. Conclusion.................................................87
6.1 Summary of Result.........................................87
6.2 Further Research Issues...................................89

References....................................................91		zh_TW
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dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0089555004en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 漢語複合動趨結構zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 詞彙化zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Mandarin Complex V-D Construstionsen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) [V-D-lai/qu]en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Lexicalizationen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Semantic reductionen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Grammatical reductionen_US
dc.title (題名) 漢語複合動趨結構的詞彙化現象zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Predicate Patterns in Mandarin Complex V-D Constructions: With the Perspective of Lexicalizationen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Blank, Andreas. 2001. Pathways on lexicalization. Language typology and language universals, ed. by Martin Haspelmath and Ekkehard Konig, 1596-608. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Cabrera, Juan C. Moreno. 1998. On the relationship between grammaticalization and lexicalization. The limits of grammaticalization, ed. by Anna Giacalone Ramat and Paul J. Hopper, 211-27. Amsterdam/ Philadelphia: John Benjamins.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Cao, Guangqu (曹廣衢). 1994. Zhuangdongzu quxiang buyu de qiyuan han fazhan (壯侗族趨向補語起源和發展). Minzu Yuwen (民族語文) 4. 35-40.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Carrier, Jill, and Janet H. Randall. 1992. The argument structure and syntactic structure of resultatives. Linguistic Inquiry 23:2. 173-234.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Di Sciullo, Anna Maria, and Edwin Williams. 1987. On the definition of word. Cambridge, Massachusetts. The MIT Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Dong, Xiufang (董秀芳). 2002. Cihuihua: Hanyu shuangyinci de yansheng han fazhan (詞彙化: 漢語雙音詞的衍生和發展). Chengdu: Sichuan Minzu Chubanshe (四川民族出版社).zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Fan, Xiao (范曉). 1996. Sange pingmian de yufaguan (三個平面的語法觀). Beijing: Beijing Yuyanwenhua Daxue Chubanshe (北京語言文化大學出版社).zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Fang, Jingmin (方經民). 1999. Hanyu kongjian fangweicanzhao de renzhijiegou (漢語空間方位參照的認知結構). Shijie Hanyu Jiaoxue (世界漢語教學) 4. 32-38.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Fang, Yuqing (房玉清). 1992. Shiyong Hanyu yufa (實用漢語語法). Beijing: Beijing Yuyanwenhua Daxue Chubanshe (北京語言文化大學出版社).zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Guo, Weiru (郭維茹). 2000. Jumo zhuci lai and qu, chanzong yulu zhi qingtai tixi yanjiu (句末助詞「來」,「去」 禪宗語錄之情態體系研究). MA thesis. Taipei: National Taiwan University.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Li, Charles N., and Sandra Thompson. 1981. Mandarin Chinese: A functional reference grammar. Berkeley: University of California Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Li, Yafei. 1990. On V-D compounds in Chinese. Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 8. 177-207.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lieber, Rochelle. 1983. Argument linking and compounds in English. Linguistic Inquiry 14:2. 251-85.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lin, Huang-Hui. 1993. A study of Verb Object constructions in Mandarin Chinese: An incorporation approach. MA thesis. Taipei: National Cheng-chi University.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Liu, Yuehua et al. (劉月華等) (eds.) 1998. Quxiang buyu tongshi (趨向補語通釋). Beijing: Beijing Yuyanwenhua Daxue Chubanshe (北京語言文化大學出版社).zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Liu, Yuehua, Wenyu Pan, and Wei Gu. (劉月華, 潘文娛, 故韡). 1996. Modern Chinese grammar (實用現代漢語語法). Taipei: Shida Shuyuan (師大書苑).zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lu, Jianming (陸儉明). 1985. On the construction “qu+vp” and “vp+qu”. Yuyan Jiaoxue yu Yanjiu (語言教學與研究) 4. 18-33.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lu, John H-T. 1973. The Verb-Verb construction with a directional complement in Mandarin. Journal of Chinese Linguistics 1:2. 239-55.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lu, John H-T. 1977. Resultative verb compounds vs. directional verb compounds in Mandarin. Journal of Chinese Linguistics 5. 276-313.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Matsumoto, Yo. 1996. Complex predicates in Japanese: A syntactic and semantic study of the notion ‘Word.’ Standor, California: CSLI Publications.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Miao, Jinan (繆錦安). 1990. Hanyu de yuyijiegou han buyuxingshi (漢語的語義結構和補語形式). Shanghai: Shanghai Waiyu Jiaoyu Chubanshe (上海外語教育出版社).zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Morita, Junya. 1995. Lexicalization by ways of context-dependent nonce-word formation. English Studies 5. 468-73.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Packard, Jerome L. 2000. The morphology of Chinese. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Qi, Huyang (齊滬揚). 1998. Xiandai Hanyu de kongjian xitong (現代漢語的空間系統). Shijie Hanyu Jiaoxue (世界漢語教學) 1. 22-33.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Selkirk, Elisabeth O. 1982. The syntax of words. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Talmy, Leonardo. 1985. Lexicalization patterns: Semantic structure in lexical forms. Language typology and syntactic description: Vol. 3: Grammatical categories and the lexicon, ed. by Timothy Shopen, 57-149. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Tang, Ting-chi. 1992. Studies on Chinese morphology and syntax: 4. Taipei: Student Book Co.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Thompson, Sandra Annear. 1973. Resultative verb compounds in Mandarin Chinese: A case for lexical rules. Language 49:2. 367-79.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Wu, Jingcun, and Boshu Liang (吳競存, 梁伯樞). 1992. Xiandai Hanyu jufa jiegou yu fenxi (現代漢語句法結構與分析). Beijing: Yuwen Chubanshe (語文出版社).zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Xiao, Shuangrong (肖雙榮). 2000. Quxiang jiegou zhong de keguan canzhao he zhuguang canzhao (趨向結構中的客觀參照和主觀參照). Ludi Shizhuan Xuebao (婁底師專學報) 1. 51-53.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Xin, Chengji (辛承姬). 1998. Liendong jiego zhong de lai (連動結構中的“來”). Hanyu Yanjiu (漢語研究) 2. 53-58.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Xin, Chengji (辛承姬). 2000. Hanyu quxiang dongci xitong (漢語趨向動詞系統). Chinese Linguistics (漢語學報) 1. 103-11.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Yang, Yuerong (楊月蓉). 1999. Shiyong Hanyu yu fa yu xiuci (實用漢語語法與修辭). Chongqing: Xinan Shifan Daxue Chubanshe (西南師範大學出版社).zh_TW