1. NCCU Academic Hub
  2. Publications
  3. College of Social Science
  4. Theses
  5. Item

Publications-Theses

Article View/Open

Publication Export

Google ScholarTM

NCCU Library

Citation Infomation

Related Publications in TAIR

題名 台灣原住民之民族史觀：以布農族內本鹿為例
Ethnohistorical Perspectives of the Bunun: A Case Study of Laipunuk, Taiwan
作者 石倜文
Steven Andrew Martin
貢獻者 張駿逸
Chang,Jiunn Yih
石倜文
Steven Andrew Martin
關鍵詞 布農族
內本鹿
內本鹿
澳斯特羅尼西亞語系(南島語系)
民族史
原住民
台灣
Bunun
Laipunuk
Nei Ben Lu
Austronesian
Ethnohistorical
Indigenous
Taiwan
日期 2005
上傳時間 23-Apr-2010 19:35:32 (UTC+8)
摘要 This thesis is a compilation of ethnographic narrative and ethnohistorical research in the form of a case study of the Bunun people of the Laipunuk geographic region of Taiwan. The research encompasses the life experiences of three members of the Istanda family, with cross verification of narrative history from extant documentation where possible. Informants were videotaped, audio taped, and where not possible, extensive and detailed notes were taken. Some informants also served as translators for others; one particularly valuable source is conversant in the Bunun language, Japanese, Chinese, and English, providing invaluable material and insight. This report begins with an overview of indigenous peoples, their prehistory, and their relationship with the greater Austronesian culture. This is followed by a brief survey of each indigenous culture’s social organization, with emphasis on the Bunun. Included is a political survey of major transformational and developmental periods in Taiwan’s history, beginning with the Dutch East India Company period, and ending with the modern Democratic Reform period. I have concluded, based on my extensive work with these indigenous peoples and my examination of available historical documentation, that Taiwan’s indigenous people have endured constant pressure from external forces and, as a direct result, have undergone acute social and cultural degradation from the loss of their native homelands. Nevertheless, vast knowledge is still available from elderly informants born into a relatively pristine Bunun culture. This knowledge contributes to the field of Taiwan Studies by providing an objective survey across the history of Taiwan’s indigenous peoples, offering a view through a previously closed window into the richness of Taiwan’s full history. It is recommended that such studies continue and expand.
Key words: Bunun, Laipunuk, Austronesian, Taiwan, ethnohistorical, indigenous
參考文獻 REFERENCES
English Language References
Ahern, E. M., Hill, G., ed. (1997) The Anthropology of Taiwanese Society. Taipei: Southern Materials Center, Inc.
Appadurai, A., (2003) Modernity at Large: Cultural Dimensions of Globalization. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
Barbash, I., Taylor L., (1997) Cross-Cultural Filmmaking: A Handbook for Making Documentary and Ethnographic Films and Videos. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, Ltd.
Barclay, P.D., (1999) Japanese and American Colonial Projects: Anthropological Typification in Taiwan and Philippines. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, University of Minnesota.
Baudhuin, R.F., (1960) Selected Readings Translated from Traditions and Myths of the Taiwan Aborigines Compiled by Ogawa and Asai, ca. 1930 (Translated by R.F. Baudhuin 1960.) Taipei: Institute of Ethnology, Academia Sinica.
Beauclair, I., (1986) Ethnographic Studies: The Collected Papers of Inez De Beauclair. Taipei: Southern Materials Center, Inc.
Bellwood, P., Fox J., Tryon, D., eds. (1995) The Austronesians: Historical and Comparative Perspectives. Canberra: Australian National University.
Bellwood, P., (2000) Formosa Prehistory and Austronesian Dispersal. In Blundell, D. (ed.), Austronesian Taiwan: Linguistics, Ethnology, and Prehistory, 337-365. Berkeley, CA: Phoebe Hearst Museum of Anthropology.
Blundell, D., ed. (2000) Austronesian Taiwan: Linguistics, Ethnology, and Prehistory. Berkeley, CA: Phoebe Hearst Museum of Anthropology.
Blundell, David, (2003) “Structure of Taiwan.” Lecture. National Chengchi University. Taipei, 25 May. 2003.
Blusse, L., ed. (2003) Around and About Formosa: Essays in Honor of Professor Tsao Yung-ho. Taipei: Southern Materials Center, Inc.
Blusse, L., Everts, N., Frech, E., (1999) The Formosan Encounter: Notes on Formosa’s Aboriginal Society, a Selection of Documents from Dutch Archival Sources. Monograph 1. Taipei: Shung Ye Museum of Formosan Aborigines & Institute of Taiwan History, Academia Sinica.
Blust, R., (1995) The Position of the Formosan Languages: Method and Theory in Austronesian Comparitive Linguistics. In Li, P., Tsang, C., Huang, Y., Ho, D., Tseng, C., Austronesian Studies Relating to Taiwan, 585-650. Taipei: Academia Sinica.
Blust, R., (1999) Subgrouping, Circularity and Extinction: Some Issues in Austronesian Comparative Linguistics. In Zeitoun E. and P. Li (eds.) Selected Papers from the Eighth International Conference on Austronesian Linguistics, 31-94. Taipei: Institute of Linguistics, Academia Sinica.
Brown, M., (2004) Is Taiwan Chinese? The Impact of Culture, Power and Migration on Changing Identities. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
Bureau of Aboriginal Affairs, Government of Formosa. (1911). Report on the Control of the Aborigines in Formosa. Taihoku, Formosa.
Campbell, W.M., (2001 [1903]) Formosa Under the Dutch. London, Taipei: Southern Materials Center, Inc.
Cauquelin, J., (2004) Aborigines of Taiwan: The Puyuma from Headhunting to the Modern World. London: Routledge Curzon.
Chai, C. K., (1967) Taiwan Aborigines: A Genetic Study of Tribal Variations. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press.
Chen, C., (1998) Material Culture of the Formosan Aborigines. Taipei: Southern Materials Center, Inc.
Chen, Hsiao-hung, (2004) “Social Development of Taiwan.” Lecture. National Chengchi University. Taipei, Taiwan. 8 Dec. 2004.
Chiang, B., (1997) Cultural Revitalization and Ethnic Identity of the Austronesian peoples of Taiwan: 1980 to 1995. Taipei: Institute of Ethnology, Academia Sinica.
Chiang, B., (2000) Austronesian Cultures in Taiwan and Insular Southeast Asia. Taipei: Institute of Ethnology, Academia Sinica.
Clifford, J., (2002) The Predicament of Culture: Twentieth-Century Ethnography, Literature, and Art. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Chiu, C., (1973) Kinship Structures of the Bunun. Athens, GA. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, University of Georgia.
Davidson, J. W., (2005 [1903]) The Island of Formosa Past and Present. London, Taipei: Southern Materials Center, Inc.
Diamond, J., (1999) Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies. New York: W. W. Norton and Company, Inc.
Dudbridge, G., (1999) Aborigines of South Taiwan in the 1880s. Monograph 2. Taipei: Shung Ye Museum of Formosan Aborigines & Institute of Taiwan History, Academia Sinica.
Faure, D., (2000) Recreating the Indigenous Identity in Taiwan: Cultural Aspirations in their Social and Economic Environment. In Blundell, D., Austronesian Taiwan: Linguistics, Ethnology, and Prehistory, 97-130. Berkeley, CA: Phoebe Hearst Museum of Anthropology.
Ferrell, R., (1969) Taiwan Aboriginal Groups: Problems in Cultural and Linguistic Classification. Monograph Series, No. A4. Institute of Ethnology, Academia Sinica, Taipei.
Faure, D., (2001) In Search of the Headhunters and Their Tribes: Studies in the History and Culture of Taiwan’s Indigenous People. Monograph 4. Taipei: Shung Ye Museum of Formosan Aborigines, Institute of Taiwan History, Academia Sinica.
Freytag, J., (1968) A New Day in the Mountains: Problems of Social Integration and Modernization Confronting the Tribal people in Taiwan. Unpublished Research Paper, Tainan Theological College.
Fu, Y., (1990) Urban Sojourning and Commitment of Taiwan’s Aborigines. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, University of Chicago.
Grimshaw, A., (2001) The Ethnographer’s Eye: Ways of Seeing Modern Anthropology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Harrison, H., (2001) Natives of Formosa: British Reports of the Taiwan Indigenous People, 1650, 1950. Monograph 5. Taipei: Shung Ye Museum of Formosan Aborigines, Institute of Taiwan History, Academia Sinica.
Hsu, M., (1991) Culture, Self, and Adaptation: The Psychological Anthropology of Two Malayo-Polynesian Groups in Taiwan. Taipei: Institute of Ethnology, Academia Sinica.
Hsu, Y., (1982) Yami Fishing Practices: Migratory Fish. Taipei: Southern Materials Center, Inc.
Hsu, Y. H., (1999) Treasures of the Shung Ye Museum of Formosan Aborigines. Taipei: Shung Ye Museum of Formosan Aborigines.
Huang, Y., (1995) The “Great Man” Model among the Bunun of Taiwan. In Li, P., Tsang, C., Huang, Y., Ho, D., Tseng, C., Austronesian Studies Relating to Taiwan. Taipei, Taiwan 57-107. Taipei: Academia Sinica.
Huang, Y., (1988) Conversion and Religious Change among the Bunun of Taiwan. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, London School of Economics and Political Science.
Huang, Y., (2001) Land House and Settlement: Spatial Categories among the Bunun of Taketonpu. Paper presented at the International Symposium on Austronesian Cultures: Issues Relating to Taiwan, Institute of Ethnology, Academia Sinica, Dec. 8-11, 2001. Academia Sinica, Taipei.
Hutsebaut, M., (1991) The Authentic Story of Taiwan. Taipei: Mappamundi Co. Ltd.
Kasahara, M., (1991) Parturition, Child Recognition and Social Stratification among the Rukai of Southern Taiwan. In Yamaji, K. (ed.) Kinship, Gender and the Cosmic World: Ethnographies of Birth Customs in Taiwan, the Philippines, and Indonesia, 3-48. Taipei: Southern Materials Center, Inc.
Knapp, R.G, ed., (1995) China’s Island Frontier: Studies in the Historical Geography of Taiwan. Honolulu, HI: University of Hawaii Press.
Lai, C. J., (1997) The Narrative & Motif Foci of Three Bunun Legends. Unpublished Master Thesis. National Taiwan Zhong Yan University
Li, P.J., Tsang, C., Huang, Y., Ho, D., Tseng, C., (1995) Austronesian Studies Relating to Taiwan. Taipei: Institute of History and Philology, Academia Sinica.
Li, P.J., (2004) Selected Papers on Formosan Languages, Vols. 1& 2. Taipei: Institute of Linguistics, Academia Sinica.
Liu, P., (1986) Foundations of Kinship Mathematics. Taipei: Institute of Ethnology, Academia Sinica.
Mackay, G.L., D.D. (1896, 2002) From Far Formosa. London, Edinburgh, Taipei: Southern Materials Center, Inc.
McGovern, J.B.M., (1997 [1923]) Among the Head-hunters of Formosa. Boston, Taipei: Southern Materials Center, Inc.
Middleton, D.W. R., (2003) The Challenge of Human Diversity. Prospect Heights, IL: Waveland Press, Inc.
Myers, R.H., Mark R.P., ed., (1984) The Japanese Colonial Empire 1895-1945. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Rosman, A., Rubel, P., (2001) The Tapestry of Culture: An Introduction to Cultural Anthropology. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Rutter, O., (1995 [1923]) Through Formosa: An Account of Japan’s Island Colony: London, Taipei: Southern Materials Center, Inc.
Sahlins, M., (1995) How Natives Think: About Captain Cook, for Example. Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press.
Shih, S.C., ed., (1996) The Exquisite Heritage: The Culture and Arts of Taiwan Aborigines. Las Vegas, NV: Rainbow Sign Publishing Company.
Simon, S., (2004) Learning Narratives of Identity: Aboriginal Entrepreneurs in Taiwan. Taiwan Journal of Anthropology, 2.1: 93-117.
Simon, S., (2005) Taiwan’s Indigenized Constitution: What Place for Aboriginal Formosa? Unpublished paper. Ottawa: University of Ottawa.
Simon, S., (2005) Paths to Autonomy: Aboriginality and the Nation in Taiwan. Unpublished paper. Ottawa: University of Ottawa.
Sinorama, (1994) The Struggle for Renaissance: Taiwan’s Indigenous Culture I. Vol. 1. Taipei: Sinorama Magazine.
Sinorama, (1994) The Struggle for Renaissance: Taiwan’s Indigenous Culture II. Vol. 2. Taipei: Sinorama Magazine.
Sinorama, (1997) The Struggle for Renaissance: Taiwan’s Indigenous Culture III. Vol. 3. Taipei: Sinorama Magazine.
Spradley, J.P., (1980) Participant Observation. United States of America. Austin, TX. Holt, Rinehart, and Winston.
Steere, J.B., (2002) Formosa and Its Inhabitants. Taiwan: Institute of Taiwan History (Preparatory Office), Academia Sinica.
Suenari, M., (1995) Sinization and Descent Systems – The Introduction of Ancestral Tablets among the Puyuma and Saisiyat in Taiwan. In Li, P., Tsang, C., Huang, Y., Ho, D., Tseng, C., Austronesian Studies Relating to Taiwan. 141-159. Taipei: Academia Sinica.
Takekoshi, Y., (1996) Japanese Rule in Formosa. Taipei: Southern Materials Center, Inc.
Tan, C., (2001) Mediated Devotion: Tradition and Christianity among the Paiwan of Taiwan. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, University of London.
Thorne, J.F., (1997) Pangcah: The Evolution of Ethnic Identity among Urbanizing Pangcah Aborigines in Taiwan. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, University of Hong Kong.
Tsang, C., (2000) The Archaeology of Taiwan. Taipei: Council for Cultural Affairs, Executive Yuan.
Webster’s (2004) Webster’s Universal College Dictionary. New York, NY: Gramercy Books.
Weiss, H., Weiss B.J., (1991) The Authentic Story of Taiwan. Taipei: Mappamundi Publishers, Southern Materials Center, Inc.
Williams, M.J., (2005) Politics and Ethnicity: A Study of the Role of State Security Interests in the Maintenance of Aboriginal Difference in Taiwan. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, University of Technology, Sydney.
Winkler, R.J., (2002) Pas-taai: legends of the Little People and Other Stories from the Saisiat Tribe. Taipei: Third Nature Publishing Co., Ltd.
Winkler, R.J., (2002) The Rainbow’s Judgment: Stories of the Atayal Tribe. Taipei: Third Nature Publishing Co., Ltd.
Winkler, R.J., (2002) The Long Haired Spirit of Sun Moon Lake: Stories from the Thao Tribe. Taipei: Third Nature Publishing Co., Ltd.
Winkler, R.J., (2003) Revenge of the Mountain Boar and Other Stories from the Cou Tribe. Taipei: Third Nature Publishing Co., Ltd.
Winkler, R.J., (2003) Pali’s Red Eyes and Other Stories from the Paiwan Tribe. Taipei: Third Nature Publishing Co., Ltd.
Winkler, R.J., (2003) Baleng and the Snake: Stories from the Rukai Tribe. Taipei: Third Nature Publishing Co., Ltd.
Winkler, R.J., (2003) The Flying Fish Spirit and Other Stories from the Tao Tribe of Orchid Island. Taipei: Third Nature Publishing Co., Ltd.
Winkler, R.J., (2003) Rendezvous with the Moon: Stories from the Bunun Tribe. Taipei: Third Nature Publishing Co., Ltd.
Winkler, R.J., (2003) Alikakay the Giant Child Eater and other Stories from the Amis Tribe. Taipei: Third Nature Publishing Co., Ltd.
Winkler, R.J., (2003) Mysterious Crescents: Stories from the Puyuma Tribe. Taipei: Third Nature Publishing Co., Ltd.
Wu, M., Winkler, R.J., ed., (2005) Ten Short Talks on Taiwan History: An Ideal Primer on Taiwan History I. Taipei: Third Nature Publishing Co., Ltd.
Wu, M., Winkler, R.J., ed., (2005) Mini Encyclopedia of Taiwan History: An Ideal Primer on Taiwan History II. Taipei: Third Nature Publishing Co., Ltd.
Winthrop, R.H., (1991) Dictionary of Concepts in Cultural Anthropology. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
Yamaji, K., ed., (1991) Kinship, Gender and the Cosmic World: Ethnographies of Birth Customs in Taiwan, the Philippines, and Indonesia. Taipei: Southern Materials Center, Inc.
Yang, S., (2001) Coping with Marginality: The Bunun in Contemporary Taiwan. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, London School of Economics and Political Science.
Yu, G., (1991) Ritual, Society, and Culture among the Yami. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, University of Michigan.
Yuan-Liou Publishing Co., ed., (2002) Taiwan’s Aboriginal Peoples. Taipei: Council for Cultural Affairs, Executive Yuan.
Yuasa, H., (2000) Segawa’s Illustrated Ethnography of Indigenous Formosan People: The Tsou. Taipei: Southern Materials Center, Inc.
Zeitoun, E. and H.-c. Lin (2003) We Should Not Forget the Stories of the Mantauran: Memories of our Past. Language and Linguistics Monograph Series, No. A4. Taipei: Academia Sinica.
Zeitoun, E., Cauqulin, J., (2006) An Ethnolinguistic Note on the Etymology of ‘Puyuma’. In Chang, Y., L. Huang and D. Ho (eds.) Streams converging into an ocean, 653-663. Language and Linguistics Monograph Series Number W-5. Taipei: Academia Sinica.
Chinese Language References
王土水˙2001˙〈布農族內本鹿郡社群部落地圖〉《東臺灣研究》6:209-212。
[Wang Tu Shui (阿力曼Aliman) (2001) Bunun Tribe Laipunuk Isbukun Group Mapping. Journal of Eastern Taiwan Studies, 6: 209-212.]
王土水˙2002˙〈從內本鹿宣言談新伙伴關係〉《原住民教育季刊》28: 91-96。
[Wang Tu Shui (阿力曼Aliman) (2002) Discuss the New Partnership between Taiwan Government and Indigene. Indigenous Education Quarterly, 28: 91-96.]
毛利之俊˙2003˙東台灣的展望 原民文化事業公司
[Mao Li Tze Chun (2003) East Taiwan View. Yuen-Ming Wen Hua.]
田哲益、達西烏拉彎 . 畢馬˙1992˙《台灣布農族的生命祭》台北：台原出版社儀。
[Tian Zhe Yi and Da Xi Wu La Wan . Bima. 1992. Taiwan Bunun Tribe Life Ceremony. Taipei, Taiwan: Taiwan Original Publish Associate.]
李敏慧 ˙1997˙《明治時期臺灣山地部落的集團移住與社會重建—以卑南溪流域布農族為例 》台北：國立臺灣師範大學地理研究所。
[Li Min-Huei (1997) Tribes Migration and Social Reconstruction of Taiwan Aborigines in Japan Colonial Period: the Case Study of the Bunun of Bei-nan River. Taipei: National Taiwan Normal University. Unpublished Master Thesis]
黃應貴˙2001˙〈失落的內本鹿：一個邊疆社會中跨越族群界線的區域中心〉《東臺灣研究》6:139-172。
[Huang Ying-kuei (2001) Lost Laipunuk: Outside Social and Across Tribal Boundaries. Journal of Eastern Taiwan Studies, 6: 139-172.]
黃應貴˙2001˙《台東縣史 - 布農族篇》台東縣：台東縣政府。
[Huang Ying-kuei (2001) Taitung County History - Bunun Zu. Taitung County: Taitung County Government.]
蔡善神˙2005˙〈回到埋葬肚臍的土地:重返內本鹿〉《臺灣原YOUNG: 原住民青少年雜誌》 7:8-13。
[Tsai San Shen (Binkinuaz, Tahai) (2005) Return to the Navel Burial Ground: Laipunuk. Indigenous Teenager Magazine, 7: 8-13.]

蔡善神˙2006˙《1942年以前內本鹿地區布農族遷移史研究》台北：政治大學民族學系。
[Tsai San Shen (Binkinuaz, Tahai) (2006) Laipunuk Bunun Tribal Migration Before 1942. Taipei: National Chengchi University Unpublished Master Thesis.]
遠流台灣館˙2006˙《台灣山林 空中散步。遠流出版事業股份有限公司》
[Yuan Liu Taiwan House (ed.) Above Mountains of Taiwan. Yuan Liu Publishing Co.: Taipei, Taiwan.]
鄭漢文˙2006˙〈有關內本鹿民族生態的一些想像〉《東臺灣研究》6:203-208。
[Zheng Han Wen (2001) Laipunuk Imagination for Tribal Ecology. Journal of Eastern Taiwan Studies, 6:203-208.]
Japanese Language References
East Taiwan Section Book (1933)
Published in Taitung. Osaka.
Friend of Savage Administration
Taiwan Governor Office Police Department Announcement
Laipunuk Bunun Tribe’s Violence
Showa 16 (1941) April 112th Issue
Friend of Savage Administration
Taiwan Governor Office Police Department Announcement
Laipunuk Incident, Second Announcement
Showa 16 (1941) May 19 113th Issue
Friend of Savage Administration
Taiwan Governor Office Police Department Announcement
Nei Ben Lu Second Announcement
Showa 16 (1941) July Issue 115th Issue
Friend of Savage Administration
Taiwan Governor Office Police Department Announcement
Troublesome Bunun’s Violent Words
Showa 7 (1932) July 1st Issue

Friend of Savage Administration
Taiwan Governor Office Police Department Announcement
Discovered and Punished for Selling Guns
Showa 7 (1932) January 27th Issue
Savage Administration Report (s)
Taitung Ting Lilong Branch, Inside Nei Ben Lu Village
Showa 5-6 (1930 -1931)
Taiwan Takasago House Book (1988)
Chen Chen Yen Zu Tailang. Taipei: Southern Materials Center, Inc.
Personal Interviews
Bellwood, Peter. Interview by author; video recording. Bosco, Batanas Islands, Philippines. 2 April 2006.
Blundell, David. Interview by author; notes. National Chengchi University. Taipei, Taiwan. 20 Nov. 2004. Interview by author; notes. Bosco, Batanes Islands, Philippines. 31 March 2006.
Chiang, Bien. Interview by author; notes. National Tsing Hua University. Hsin-chu, Taiwan. 4 July 2006.
Fujii, Shizu. Interview by author; notes. National Chengchi University. Taipei, Taiwan. 15 Nov. 2004.
Huang, Ying-Kuei. Interview by author; notes. Academia Sinica. Taipei, Taiwan. 22 Feb. 2006; 9 March 2006.
Istanda, Biung. Interview by author; notes. Bunun Culture and Education Foundation, Yen-Ping Village, Taiwan. 25 May, 2006.
Istanda, Biung Husungan (Pastor Bai Guang Sheng). Interview by author; notes. Bunun Culture and Education Foundation, Yen-Ping Village, Taiwan. 16 June, 2006.
Istanda, Tama Biung (Hu Yun-Lin). Interview by author; notes. Bunun Culture and Education Foundation, Yen-Ping Village, Taiwan. 14 Nov. 2004; 27 Jan. 2006.
Istanda, Langus. Interview by author; notes. Bunun Culture and Education Foundation, Yen-Ping Village, Taiwan. 13 Nov. 2004; 25 January 2006.
Istanda, Nabu Husungan. Interview by author; notes. Bunun Culture and Education Foundation, Yen-Ping Village, Taiwan. 30 Oct. 2004; 6 March 2006.
Lee, Chong Lin. Interview by author; notes. Taipei, Taiwan. 25 April 2006.
Li, Tai-yen. Interview by author; notes. National Chengchi University. Taipei, Taiwan. 3 Dec. 2004.
Lin, Chester. Interview by author; video recording. Taiwan National Prehistory Museum, Taitung, Taiwan. 22 Nov. 2004.
Lin, Zu Mei. Interview by author; video recording. Bunun Culture and Education Foundation, Yen-Ping Village, Taiwan. 16 June 2006.
Shirakimura, Bia. Interview by author; video recording. Yen-Ping Village, Taiwan. 13 Nov. 2004.
Solheim, Wilhelm G. II. Interview by author; video recording. University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines. 5 April 2006.
Wei, Tw-wen. Interview by author; notes. SMC Publishing Inc., Taipei, Taiwan. 15 April 2006.
Williamson, Tommie. Interview by author; notes. Indigenous Culture and Education Foundation (ICEF Asia), Yen-Ping Village, Taiwan. 30 Oct. 2004.
Zeitoun, Elizabeth. Interview by author; notes. Academia Sinica, Nangang, Taipei, Taiwan. 14 Oct. 2006.
Internet Resources
Bunun Cultural and Educational Foundation
http://www.bunun.org.tw (last viewed on Nov. 24, 2006)
Bureau of Culture Park, Council of Indigenous Peoples, Executive Yuan
www.tacp.gov.tw/english/intro/fmintro.htm (last viewed on July 1, 2006)
Council of Indigenous Peoples, Executive Yuan
http://www.apc.gov.tw/official/index.aspx (last viewed on Nov. 23, 2006)
Taiwan Government Information Office (GIO), Republic of China
http://www.gio.gov.tw/ (last viewed on Nov. 23, 2006)
Voices from a Buried History, the Takasago Volunteers
http://www.sinorama.com.tw/en/1999/199903/803078e1.html (last viewed on June 15, 2006)
Video Manuscript
Tsai, San Shen, 蔡善神 (Binkinuaz, T.) (2005) Video Manuscript.
Return to the Busuh (Navel) Burial Site
Photograph Archive
Bi South Studio 二南堂 工作室 (1932)
Taiwan Indigenous Old Photograph Collection 台灣原住民 老照片輯
Taipei, Taiwan 台北.台灣
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
臺灣研究英語碩士學位學程
93924022
94
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0093924022
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 張駿逸zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Chang,Jiunn Yihen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 石倜文zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Steven Andrew Martinen_US
dc.creator (作者) 石倜文zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Steven Andrew Martinen_US
dc.date (日期) 2005en_US
dc.date.accessioned 23-Apr-2010 19:35:32 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 23-Apr-2010 19:35:32 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 23-Apr-2010 19:35:32 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0093924022en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/38946-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 臺灣研究英語碩士學位學程zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 93924022zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 94zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) This thesis is a compilation of ethnographic narrative and ethnohistorical research in the form of a case study of the Bunun people of the Laipunuk geographic region of Taiwan. The research encompasses the life experiences of three members of the Istanda family, with cross verification of narrative history from extant documentation where possible. Informants were videotaped, audio taped, and where not possible, extensive and detailed notes were taken. Some informants also served as translators for others; one particularly valuable source is conversant in the Bunun language, Japanese, Chinese, and English, providing invaluable material and insight. This report begins with an overview of indigenous peoples, their prehistory, and their relationship with the greater Austronesian culture. This is followed by a brief survey of each indigenous culture’s social organization, with emphasis on the Bunun. Included is a political survey of major transformational and developmental periods in Taiwan’s history, beginning with the Dutch East India Company period, and ending with the modern Democratic Reform period. I have concluded, based on my extensive work with these indigenous peoples and my examination of available historical documentation, that Taiwan’s indigenous people have endured constant pressure from external forces and, as a direct result, have undergone acute social and cultural degradation from the loss of their native homelands. Nevertheless, vast knowledge is still available from elderly informants born into a relatively pristine Bunun culture. This knowledge contributes to the field of Taiwan Studies by providing an objective survey across the history of Taiwan’s indigenous peoples, offering a view through a previously closed window into the richness of Taiwan’s full history. It is recommended that such studies continue and expand.
Key words: Bunun, Laipunuk, Austronesian, Taiwan, ethnohistorical, indigenous		en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents ACKNOWLEDGMENTS i
DEDICATION iii
ABSTRACT v
TABLES, FIGURES, MAPS, AND PHOTOS ix
INTRODUCTION xi
CHAPTER 1—THE RESEARCH 1
1.1. Purposes of the Research 1
1.2. Methodology and Procedures 2
1.3. Topography and the Natural Environment 3
CHAPTER 2—TAIWAN’S INDIGENOUS PEOPLES 9
2.1. Prehistory and the Austronesians 11
2.2. Social Organization of Taiwan’s Indigenous Cultures 25
2.3. Socio-Political Events Affecting the Indigenous Peoples 40
CHAPTER 3—THE BUNUN PEOPLE 61
3.1. Bunun Culture 61
3.2. Ethnomusicology of the Bunun 74
CHAPTER 4—LAIPUNUK PERSPECTIVES 77
4.1. Laipunuk Historical Background 79
4.2. The Japanese Field Reports 95
4.3. The Laipunuk Incident: An Ethnohistorical Research 103
CHAPTER 5—ETHNOHISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES 121
5.1. Memories of Tama Biung Istanda: Ethnohistorical Narratives 129
5.2. Memories of Langus Istanda: Ethnohistorical Narratives 151
5.3. The Takivahlas House: An Ethnohistorical Reconstruction 159
CONCLUSION 165
Recommendations 168
REFERENCES 171
English Language References 171
Chinese Language References 178
Japanese Language References 179
Personal Interviews 180
Internet Resources 181
Video Manuscript 182
Photograph Archive 182
APPENDIX 183
Field Research 183
BUNUN GLOSSARY 185		zh_TW
dc.format.extent 149092 bytes-
dc.format.extent 89126 bytes-
dc.format.extent 86163 bytes-
dc.format.extent 103686 bytes-
dc.format.extent 101721 bytes-
dc.format.extent 71540 bytes-
dc.format.extent 145791 bytes-
dc.format.extent 601135 bytes-
dc.format.extent 1186320 bytes-
dc.format.extent 185810 bytes-
dc.format.extent 1036879 bytes-
dc.format.extent 936630 bytes-
dc.format.extent 135636 bytes-
dc.format.extent 208119 bytes-
dc.format.extent 236775 bytes-
dc.format.extent 101837 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0093924022en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 布農族zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 內本鹿zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 內本鹿zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 澳斯特羅尼西亞語系(南島語系)zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 民族史zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 原住民zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 台灣zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Bununen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Laipunuken_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Nei Ben Luen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Austronesianen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Ethnohistoricalen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Indigenousen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Taiwanen_US
dc.title (題名) 台灣原住民之民族史觀：以布農族內本鹿為例zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Ethnohistorical Perspectives of the Bunun: A Case Study of Laipunuk, Taiwanen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) REFERENCESzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) English Language Referenceszh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ahern, E. M., Hill, G., ed. (1997) The Anthropology of Taiwanese Society. Taipei: Southern Materials Center, Inc.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Appadurai, A., (2003) Modernity at Large: Cultural Dimensions of Globalization. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Barbash, I., Taylor L., (1997) Cross-Cultural Filmmaking: A Handbook for Making Documentary and Ethnographic Films and Videos. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, Ltd.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Barclay, P.D., (1999) Japanese and American Colonial Projects: Anthropological Typification in Taiwan and Philippines. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, University of Minnesota.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Baudhuin, R.F., (1960) Selected Readings Translated from Traditions and Myths of the Taiwan Aborigines Compiled by Ogawa and Asai, ca. 1930 (Translated by R.F. Baudhuin 1960.) Taipei: Institute of Ethnology, Academia Sinica.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Beauclair, I., (1986) Ethnographic Studies: The Collected Papers of Inez De Beauclair. Taipei: Southern Materials Center, Inc.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bellwood, P., Fox J., Tryon, D., eds. (1995) The Austronesians: Historical and Comparative Perspectives. Canberra: Australian National University.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bellwood, P., (2000) Formosa Prehistory and Austronesian Dispersal. In Blundell, D. (ed.), Austronesian Taiwan: Linguistics, Ethnology, and Prehistory, 337-365. Berkeley, CA: Phoebe Hearst Museum of Anthropology.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Blundell, D., ed. (2000) Austronesian Taiwan: Linguistics, Ethnology, and Prehistory. Berkeley, CA: Phoebe Hearst Museum of Anthropology.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Blundell, David, (2003) “Structure of Taiwan.” Lecture. National Chengchi University. Taipei, 25 May. 2003.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Blusse, L., ed. (2003) Around and About Formosa: Essays in Honor of Professor Tsao Yung-ho. Taipei: Southern Materials Center, Inc.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Blusse, L., Everts, N., Frech, E., (1999) The Formosan Encounter: Notes on Formosa’s Aboriginal Society, a Selection of Documents from Dutch Archival Sources. Monograph 1. Taipei: Shung Ye Museum of Formosan Aborigines & Institute of Taiwan History, Academia Sinica.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Blust, R., (1995) The Position of the Formosan Languages: Method and Theory in Austronesian Comparitive Linguistics. In Li, P., Tsang, C., Huang, Y., Ho, D., Tseng, C., Austronesian Studies Relating to Taiwan, 585-650. Taipei: Academia Sinica.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Blust, R., (1999) Subgrouping, Circularity and Extinction: Some Issues in Austronesian Comparative Linguistics. In Zeitoun E. and P. Li (eds.) Selected Papers from the Eighth International Conference on Austronesian Linguistics, 31-94. Taipei: Institute of Linguistics, Academia Sinica.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Brown, M., (2004) Is Taiwan Chinese? The Impact of Culture, Power and Migration on Changing Identities. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bureau of Aboriginal Affairs, Government of Formosa. (1911). Report on the Control of the Aborigines in Formosa. Taihoku, Formosa.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Campbell, W.M., (2001 [1903]) Formosa Under the Dutch. London, Taipei: Southern Materials Center, Inc.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Cauquelin, J., (2004) Aborigines of Taiwan: The Puyuma from Headhunting to the Modern World. London: Routledge Curzon.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chai, C. K., (1967) Taiwan Aborigines: A Genetic Study of Tribal Variations. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chen, C., (1998) Material Culture of the Formosan Aborigines. Taipei: Southern Materials Center, Inc.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chen, Hsiao-hung, (2004) “Social Development of Taiwan.” Lecture. National Chengchi University. Taipei, Taiwan. 8 Dec. 2004.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chiang, B., (1997) Cultural Revitalization and Ethnic Identity of the Austronesian peoples of Taiwan: 1980 to 1995. Taipei: Institute of Ethnology, Academia Sinica.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chiang, B., (2000) Austronesian Cultures in Taiwan and Insular Southeast Asia. Taipei: Institute of Ethnology, Academia Sinica.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Clifford, J., (2002) The Predicament of Culture: Twentieth-Century Ethnography, Literature, and Art. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chiu, C., (1973) Kinship Structures of the Bunun. Athens, GA. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, University of Georgia.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Davidson, J. W., (2005 [1903]) The Island of Formosa Past and Present. London, Taipei: Southern Materials Center, Inc.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Diamond, J., (1999) Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies. New York: W. W. Norton and Company, Inc.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Dudbridge, G., (1999) Aborigines of South Taiwan in the 1880s. Monograph 2. Taipei: Shung Ye Museum of Formosan Aborigines & Institute of Taiwan History, Academia Sinica.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Faure, D., (2000) Recreating the Indigenous Identity in Taiwan: Cultural Aspirations in their Social and Economic Environment. In Blundell, D., Austronesian Taiwan: Linguistics, Ethnology, and Prehistory, 97-130. Berkeley, CA: Phoebe Hearst Museum of Anthropology.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ferrell, R., (1969) Taiwan Aboriginal Groups: Problems in Cultural and Linguistic Classification. Monograph Series, No. A4. Institute of Ethnology, Academia Sinica, Taipei.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Faure, D., (2001) In Search of the Headhunters and Their Tribes: Studies in the History and Culture of Taiwan’s Indigenous People. Monograph 4. Taipei: Shung Ye Museum of Formosan Aborigines, Institute of Taiwan History, Academia Sinica.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Freytag, J., (1968) A New Day in the Mountains: Problems of Social Integration and Modernization Confronting the Tribal people in Taiwan. Unpublished Research Paper, Tainan Theological College.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Fu, Y., (1990) Urban Sojourning and Commitment of Taiwan’s Aborigines. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, University of Chicago.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Grimshaw, A., (2001) The Ethnographer’s Eye: Ways of Seeing Modern Anthropology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Harrison, H., (2001) Natives of Formosa: British Reports of the Taiwan Indigenous People, 1650, 1950. Monograph 5. Taipei: Shung Ye Museum of Formosan Aborigines, Institute of Taiwan History, Academia Sinica.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Hsu, M., (1991) Culture, Self, and Adaptation: The Psychological Anthropology of Two Malayo-Polynesian Groups in Taiwan. Taipei: Institute of Ethnology, Academia Sinica.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Hsu, Y., (1982) Yami Fishing Practices: Migratory Fish. Taipei: Southern Materials Center, Inc.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Hsu, Y. H., (1999) Treasures of the Shung Ye Museum of Formosan Aborigines. Taipei: Shung Ye Museum of Formosan Aborigines.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Huang, Y., (1995) The “Great Man” Model among the Bunun of Taiwan. In Li, P., Tsang, C., Huang, Y., Ho, D., Tseng, C., Austronesian Studies Relating to Taiwan. Taipei, Taiwan 57-107. Taipei: Academia Sinica.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Huang, Y., (1988) Conversion and Religious Change among the Bunun of Taiwan. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, London School of Economics and Political Science.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Huang, Y., (2001) Land House and Settlement: Spatial Categories among the Bunun of Taketonpu. Paper presented at the International Symposium on Austronesian Cultures: Issues Relating to Taiwan, Institute of Ethnology, Academia Sinica, Dec. 8-11, 2001. Academia Sinica, Taipei.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Hutsebaut, M., (1991) The Authentic Story of Taiwan. Taipei: Mappamundi Co. Ltd.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kasahara, M., (1991) Parturition, Child Recognition and Social Stratification among the Rukai of Southern Taiwan. In Yamaji, K. (ed.) Kinship, Gender and the Cosmic World: Ethnographies of Birth Customs in Taiwan, the Philippines, and Indonesia, 3-48. Taipei: Southern Materials Center, Inc.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Knapp, R.G, ed., (1995) China’s Island Frontier: Studies in the Historical Geography of Taiwan. Honolulu, HI: University of Hawaii Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lai, C. J., (1997) The Narrative & Motif Foci of Three Bunun Legends. Unpublished Master Thesis. National Taiwan Zhong Yan Universityzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Li, P.J., Tsang, C., Huang, Y., Ho, D., Tseng, C., (1995) Austronesian Studies Relating to Taiwan. Taipei: Institute of History and Philology, Academia Sinica.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Li, P.J., (2004) Selected Papers on Formosan Languages, Vols. 1& 2. Taipei: Institute of Linguistics, Academia Sinica.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Liu, P., (1986) Foundations of Kinship Mathematics. Taipei: Institute of Ethnology, Academia Sinica.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Mackay, G.L., D.D. (1896, 2002) From Far Formosa. London, Edinburgh, Taipei: Southern Materials Center, Inc.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) McGovern, J.B.M., (1997 [1923]) Among the Head-hunters of Formosa. Boston, Taipei: Southern Materials Center, Inc.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Middleton, D.W. R., (2003) The Challenge of Human Diversity. Prospect Heights, IL: Waveland Press, Inc.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Myers, R.H., Mark R.P., ed., (1984) The Japanese Colonial Empire 1895-1945. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Rosman, A., Rubel, P., (2001) The Tapestry of Culture: An Introduction to Cultural Anthropology. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Rutter, O., (1995 [1923]) Through Formosa: An Account of Japan’s Island Colony: London, Taipei: Southern Materials Center, Inc.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Sahlins, M., (1995) How Natives Think: About Captain Cook, for Example. Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Shih, S.C., ed., (1996) The Exquisite Heritage: The Culture and Arts of Taiwan Aborigines. Las Vegas, NV: Rainbow Sign Publishing Company.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Simon, S., (2004) Learning Narratives of Identity: Aboriginal Entrepreneurs in Taiwan. Taiwan Journal of Anthropology, 2.1: 93-117.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Simon, S., (2005) Taiwan’s Indigenized Constitution: What Place for Aboriginal Formosa? Unpublished paper. Ottawa: University of Ottawa.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Simon, S., (2005) Paths to Autonomy: Aboriginality and the Nation in Taiwan. Unpublished paper. Ottawa: University of Ottawa.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Sinorama, (1994) The Struggle for Renaissance: Taiwan’s Indigenous Culture I. Vol. 1. Taipei: Sinorama Magazine.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Sinorama, (1994) The Struggle for Renaissance: Taiwan’s Indigenous Culture II. Vol. 2. Taipei: Sinorama Magazine.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Sinorama, (1997) The Struggle for Renaissance: Taiwan’s Indigenous Culture III. Vol. 3. Taipei: Sinorama Magazine.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Spradley, J.P., (1980) Participant Observation. United States of America. Austin, TX. Holt, Rinehart, and Winston.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Steere, J.B., (2002) Formosa and Its Inhabitants. Taiwan: Institute of Taiwan History (Preparatory Office), Academia Sinica.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Suenari, M., (1995) Sinization and Descent Systems – The Introduction of Ancestral Tablets among the Puyuma and Saisiyat in Taiwan. In Li, P., Tsang, C., Huang, Y., Ho, D., Tseng, C., Austronesian Studies Relating to Taiwan. 141-159. Taipei: Academia Sinica.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Takekoshi, Y., (1996) Japanese Rule in Formosa. Taipei: Southern Materials Center, Inc.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Tan, C., (2001) Mediated Devotion: Tradition and Christianity among the Paiwan of Taiwan. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, University of London.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Thorne, J.F., (1997) Pangcah: The Evolution of Ethnic Identity among Urbanizing Pangcah Aborigines in Taiwan. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, University of Hong Kong.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Tsang, C., (2000) The Archaeology of Taiwan. Taipei: Council for Cultural Affairs, Executive Yuan.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Webster’s (2004) Webster’s Universal College Dictionary. New York, NY: Gramercy Books.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Weiss, H., Weiss B.J., (1991) The Authentic Story of Taiwan. Taipei: Mappamundi Publishers, Southern Materials Center, Inc.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Williams, M.J., (2005) Politics and Ethnicity: A Study of the Role of State Security Interests in the Maintenance of Aboriginal Difference in Taiwan. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, University of Technology, Sydney.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Winkler, R.J., (2002) Pas-taai: legends of the Little People and Other Stories from the Saisiat Tribe. Taipei: Third Nature Publishing Co., Ltd.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Winkler, R.J., (2002) The Rainbow’s Judgment: Stories of the Atayal Tribe. Taipei: Third Nature Publishing Co., Ltd.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Winkler, R.J., (2002) The Long Haired Spirit of Sun Moon Lake: Stories from the Thao Tribe. Taipei: Third Nature Publishing Co., Ltd.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Winkler, R.J., (2003) Revenge of the Mountain Boar and Other Stories from the Cou Tribe. Taipei: Third Nature Publishing Co., Ltd.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Winkler, R.J., (2003) Pali’s Red Eyes and Other Stories from the Paiwan Tribe. Taipei: Third Nature Publishing Co., Ltd.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Winkler, R.J., (2003) Baleng and the Snake: Stories from the Rukai Tribe. Taipei: Third Nature Publishing Co., Ltd.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Winkler, R.J., (2003) The Flying Fish Spirit and Other Stories from the Tao Tribe of Orchid Island. Taipei: Third Nature Publishing Co., Ltd.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Winkler, R.J., (2003) Rendezvous with the Moon: Stories from the Bunun Tribe. Taipei: Third Nature Publishing Co., Ltd.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Winkler, R.J., (2003) Alikakay the Giant Child Eater and other Stories from the Amis Tribe. Taipei: Third Nature Publishing Co., Ltd.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Winkler, R.J., (2003) Mysterious Crescents: Stories from the Puyuma Tribe. Taipei: Third Nature Publishing Co., Ltd.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Wu, M., Winkler, R.J., ed., (2005) Ten Short Talks on Taiwan History: An Ideal Primer on Taiwan History I. Taipei: Third Nature Publishing Co., Ltd.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Wu, M., Winkler, R.J., ed., (2005) Mini Encyclopedia of Taiwan History: An Ideal Primer on Taiwan History II. Taipei: Third Nature Publishing Co., Ltd.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Winthrop, R.H., (1991) Dictionary of Concepts in Cultural Anthropology. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Yamaji, K., ed., (1991) Kinship, Gender and the Cosmic World: Ethnographies of Birth Customs in Taiwan, the Philippines, and Indonesia. Taipei: Southern Materials Center, Inc.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Yang, S., (2001) Coping with Marginality: The Bunun in Contemporary Taiwan. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, London School of Economics and Political Science.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Yu, G., (1991) Ritual, Society, and Culture among the Yami. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, University of Michigan.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Yuan-Liou Publishing Co., ed., (2002) Taiwan’s Aboriginal Peoples. Taipei: Council for Cultural Affairs, Executive Yuan.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Yuasa, H., (2000) Segawa’s Illustrated Ethnography of Indigenous Formosan People: The Tsou. Taipei: Southern Materials Center, Inc.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Zeitoun, E. and H.-c. Lin (2003) We Should Not Forget the Stories of the Mantauran: Memories of our Past. Language and Linguistics Monograph Series, No. A4. Taipei: Academia Sinica.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Zeitoun, E., Cauqulin, J., (2006) An Ethnolinguistic Note on the Etymology of ‘Puyuma’. In Chang, Y., L. Huang and D. Ho (eds.) Streams converging into an ocean, 653-663. Language and Linguistics Monograph Series Number W-5. Taipei: Academia Sinica.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chinese Language Referenceszh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 王土水˙2001˙〈布農族內本鹿郡社群部落地圖〉《東臺灣研究》6:209-212。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) [Wang Tu Shui (阿力曼Aliman) (2001) Bunun Tribe Laipunuk Isbukun Group Mapping. Journal of Eastern Taiwan Studies, 6: 209-212.]zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 王土水˙2002˙〈從內本鹿宣言談新伙伴關係〉《原住民教育季刊》28: 91-96。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) [Wang Tu Shui (阿力曼Aliman) (2002) Discuss the New Partnership between Taiwan Government and Indigene. Indigenous Education Quarterly, 28: 91-96.]zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 毛利之俊˙2003˙東台灣的展望 原民文化事業公司zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) [Mao Li Tze Chun (2003) East Taiwan View. Yuen-Ming Wen Hua.]zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 田哲益、達西烏拉彎 . 畢馬˙1992˙《台灣布農族的生命祭》台北：台原出版社儀。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) [Tian Zhe Yi and Da Xi Wu La Wan . Bima. 1992. Taiwan Bunun Tribe Life Ceremony. Taipei, Taiwan: Taiwan Original Publish Associate.]zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 李敏慧 ˙1997˙《明治時期臺灣山地部落的集團移住與社會重建—以卑南溪流域布農族為例 》台北：國立臺灣師範大學地理研究所。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) [Li Min-Huei (1997) Tribes Migration and Social Reconstruction of Taiwan Aborigines in Japan Colonial Period: the Case Study of the Bunun of Bei-nan River. Taipei: National Taiwan Normal University. Unpublished Master Thesis]zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 黃應貴˙2001˙〈失落的內本鹿：一個邊疆社會中跨越族群界線的區域中心〉《東臺灣研究》6:139-172。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) [Huang Ying-kuei (2001) Lost Laipunuk: Outside Social and Across Tribal Boundaries. Journal of Eastern Taiwan Studies, 6: 139-172.]zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 黃應貴˙2001˙《台東縣史 - 布農族篇》台東縣：台東縣政府。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) [Huang Ying-kuei (2001) Taitung County History - Bunun Zu. Taitung County: Taitung County Government.]zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 蔡善神˙2005˙〈回到埋葬肚臍的土地:重返內本鹿〉《臺灣原YOUNG: 原住民青少年雜誌》 7:8-13。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) [Tsai San Shen (Binkinuaz, Tahai) (2005) Return to the Navel Burial Ground: Laipunuk. Indigenous Teenager Magazine, 7: 8-13.]zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 蔡善神˙2006˙《1942年以前內本鹿地區布農族遷移史研究》台北：政治大學民族學系。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) [Tsai San Shen (Binkinuaz, Tahai) (2006) Laipunuk Bunun Tribal Migration Before 1942. Taipei: National Chengchi University Unpublished Master Thesis.]zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 遠流台灣館˙2006˙《台灣山林 空中散步。遠流出版事業股份有限公司》zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) [Yuan Liu Taiwan House (ed.) Above Mountains of Taiwan. Yuan Liu Publishing Co.: Taipei, Taiwan.]zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 鄭漢文˙2006˙〈有關內本鹿民族生態的一些想像〉《東臺灣研究》6:203-208。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) [Zheng Han Wen (2001) Laipunuk Imagination for Tribal Ecology. Journal of Eastern Taiwan Studies, 6:203-208.]zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Japanese Language Referenceszh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) East Taiwan Section Book (1933)zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Published in Taitung. Osaka.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Friend of Savage Administrationzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Taiwan Governor Office Police Department Announcementzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Laipunuk Bunun Tribe’s Violencezh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Showa 16 (1941) April 112th Issuezh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Friend of Savage Administrationzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Taiwan Governor Office Police Department Announcementzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Laipunuk Incident, Second Announcementzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Showa 16 (1941) May 19 113th Issuezh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Friend of Savage Administrationzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Taiwan Governor Office Police Department Announcementzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Nei Ben Lu Second Announcementzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Showa 16 (1941) July Issue 115th Issuezh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Friend of Savage Administrationzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Taiwan Governor Office Police Department Announcementzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Troublesome Bunun’s Violent Wordszh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Showa 7 (1932) July 1st Issuezh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Friend of Savage Administrationzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Taiwan Governor Office Police Department Announcementzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Discovered and Punished for Selling Gunszh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Showa 7 (1932) January 27th Issuezh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Savage Administration Report (s)zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Taitung Ting Lilong Branch, Inside Nei Ben Lu Villagezh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Showa 5-6 (1930 -1931)zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Taiwan Takasago House Book (1988)zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chen Chen Yen Zu Tailang. Taipei: Southern Materials Center, Inc.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Personal Interviewszh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bellwood, Peter. Interview by author; video recording. Bosco, Batanas Islands, Philippines. 2 April 2006.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Blundell, David. Interview by author; notes. National Chengchi University. Taipei, Taiwan. 20 Nov. 2004. Interview by author; notes. Bosco, Batanes Islands, Philippines. 31 March 2006.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chiang, Bien. Interview by author; notes. National Tsing Hua University. Hsin-chu, Taiwan. 4 July 2006.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Fujii, Shizu. Interview by author; notes. National Chengchi University. Taipei, Taiwan. 15 Nov. 2004.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Huang, Ying-Kuei. Interview by author; notes. Academia Sinica. Taipei, Taiwan. 22 Feb. 2006; 9 March 2006.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Istanda, Biung. Interview by author; notes. Bunun Culture and Education Foundation, Yen-Ping Village, Taiwan. 25 May, 2006.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Istanda, Biung Husungan (Pastor Bai Guang Sheng). Interview by author; notes. Bunun Culture and Education Foundation, Yen-Ping Village, Taiwan. 16 June, 2006.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Istanda, Tama Biung (Hu Yun-Lin). Interview by author; notes. Bunun Culture and Education Foundation, Yen-Ping Village, Taiwan. 14 Nov. 2004; 27 Jan. 2006.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Istanda, Langus. Interview by author; notes. Bunun Culture and Education Foundation, Yen-Ping Village, Taiwan. 13 Nov. 2004; 25 January 2006.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Istanda, Nabu Husungan. Interview by author; notes. Bunun Culture and Education Foundation, Yen-Ping Village, Taiwan. 30 Oct. 2004; 6 March 2006.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lee, Chong Lin. Interview by author; notes. Taipei, Taiwan. 25 April 2006.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Li, Tai-yen. Interview by author; notes. National Chengchi University. Taipei, Taiwan. 3 Dec. 2004.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lin, Chester. Interview by author; video recording. Taiwan National Prehistory Museum, Taitung, Taiwan. 22 Nov. 2004.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lin, Zu Mei. Interview by author; video recording. Bunun Culture and Education Foundation, Yen-Ping Village, Taiwan. 16 June 2006.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Shirakimura, Bia. Interview by author; video recording. Yen-Ping Village, Taiwan. 13 Nov. 2004.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Solheim, Wilhelm G. II. Interview by author; video recording. University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines. 5 April 2006.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Wei, Tw-wen. Interview by author; notes. SMC Publishing Inc., Taipei, Taiwan. 15 April 2006.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Williamson, Tommie. Interview by author; notes. Indigenous Culture and Education Foundation (ICEF Asia), Yen-Ping Village, Taiwan. 30 Oct. 2004.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Zeitoun, Elizabeth. Interview by author; notes. Academia Sinica, Nangang, Taipei, Taiwan. 14 Oct. 2006.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Internet Resourceszh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bunun Cultural and Educational Foundationzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) http://www.bunun.org.tw (last viewed on Nov. 24, 2006)zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bureau of Culture Park, Council of Indigenous Peoples, Executive Yuanzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) www.tacp.gov.tw/english/intro/fmintro.htm (last viewed on July 1, 2006)zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Council of Indigenous Peoples, Executive Yuanzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) http://www.apc.gov.tw/official/index.aspx (last viewed on Nov. 23, 2006)zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Taiwan Government Information Office (GIO), Republic of Chinazh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) http://www.gio.gov.tw/ (last viewed on Nov. 23, 2006)zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Voices from a Buried History, the Takasago Volunteerszh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) http://www.sinorama.com.tw/en/1999/199903/803078e1.html (last viewed on June 15, 2006)zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Video Manuscriptzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Tsai, San Shen, 蔡善神 (Binkinuaz, T.) (2005) Video Manuscript.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Return to the Busuh (Navel) Burial Sitezh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Photograph Archivezh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bi South Studio 二南堂 工作室 (1932)zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Taiwan Indigenous Old Photograph Collection 台灣原住民 老照片輯zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Taipei, Taiwan 台北.台灣zh_TW