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題名 美國勞動仲裁制度之研究
A study of american labor arbitration systems
作者 鄭明慧
貢獻者 張其恆
鄭明慧
關鍵詞 勞動仲裁
仲裁
美國
申訴
勞資爭議
Arbitration
Labor
日期 2010
上傳時間 29-Sep-2011 18:30:43 (UTC+8)
摘要   勞資之間自古以來爭議是層出不窮,因此勞資雙方間的爭議解決成為一門很重要的課題,如果爭議遲遲無法解決,勢必也會對社會造成偌大的影響,所以勞資雙方都希望使用和平的方法來解決勞資糾紛,而美國近年來大力推行之爭議解決之道-仲裁,這種經由勞資雙方當事人同意並由第三方介入並裁決的方式,成為美國企業中最常使用來解決糾紛的方法之一。而相較於我國,除集體協商領域不發達外,長年來仲裁之使用率也極低,故本研究欲藉由研究美國之背景與現況,縱向與我國之情形作一剖析。
       本研究使用文獻分析法與比較研究法兩種方式,藉由各方文獻的蒐集、整理與分析美國之原始資料,並以敘述性之方式作成歸納分析。
       本研究主要在探討美國集體勞資爭議制度背景下,勞動仲發展之起源與沿革,藉由仲裁前之申訴程序與仲裁之程序,以期了解美國集體協商制度。並在文末以兩國之制度起源、勞資政三方之角色、制度運作、制度功能,作一簡單之比較,透過兩國之制度背景以了解雙方之差異,且於最後提出筆者之建議與看法。
參考文獻 中文文獻
專書
1. Harry C. Katz、Hoyt N. Wheeler,2007年,國際與比較勞雇關係。
2. 成台生,2002年,工會之研究,高雄:復文。
3. 潘世偉,2007年,勞資爭議行為與美國勞資關係之發展,收錄於勞資爭議行為論文集,台北市:行政院勞工委員會。
4. 焦興鎧,1996年,美國勞工法入門,台北:編譯館。
5. 黃越欽,2002年,勞動法新論,台北:翰蘆。
6. 黃啟植,1996年,工會運動,財團法人中華勞工事務基金會。
7. 焦興鎧,2006年,美國不當勞動行為裁決機制之研究,國改研究報告。
8. 簡良機,1991年,勞資爭議立法規範及處理制度之研究,台北:五南。
9. 謝棋楠,2007年,美國勞資爭議行為之行政權機制與實務,勞資爭議行為論文集,台北市:行政院勞工委員會。
10. 衛民、許繼峰,2002年,勞資關係與爭議問題,台北:空中大學。
11. 葉賽鶯、陳美伶,1996年,考察英美商務仲裁制度之運作與立法方向報告,台北市:法務部。
期刊
12. 胡姿珍,1993年,中美勞資爭議處理制度之比較,勞工行政第五十九期。
13. 劉士豪,2008年,我國勞資爭議協調與調解程序初探,台灣勞工第十一期。
14. 衛民,1991年,美國勞資爭議「仲裁人」的資格與甄選過程,勞工行政第34期。
15. 彭雪玉,1989年,美國之勞資爭議處理制度,勞工研究季刊第108期。
16. 蕭宗慶,美國勞動仲裁之發展,勞動仲裁第一期。
17. 蔡炯燉,1996年,試論我國勞資爭議之仲裁制度,月旦法學雜誌第十四期。
18. 洪瑞清,1987年,勞資爭議之仲裁之研究,勞工研究季刊,第八十九期。
研討會
19. 鄭津津,2009年,健全獨任調解人與獨任仲裁人機制,「勞資爭議處理法制」研討會。
20. 我國勞資爭議仲裁處理法制學術研討會,2008年12月16日。
論文
21. 吳季諺,1998年,勞資爭議民間中介團體功能之研究,國立中正大學勞工研究所。
22. 邱周剛,1992年,美國公共部門勞動關係之研究-兼論我國未來相關法制之展望,國立政治大學勞工研究所碩士論文。
23. 藍達生,2000年,中美勞資爭議中仲裁制度及勞動司法制度之比較研究,中國文化大學勞工研究所碩士論文。
24. 彭德明,1980年,美國勞資爭議仲裁制度之研究,中國文化大學勞工研究所碩士論文。
25. 蔡信章,1997年,美國勞資爭議仲裁制度之硏究:兼論我國相關法規應有之發展,中國文化大學勞工研究所碩士論文。
英文文獻
1. Alvin L. Goldman,1979,”LABOR LAW AND INDUSTRAIL RELATIONS IN THE UNITEDSTATES OF AMERICA”,Kluwer:Deventer,The Netherlands.
2. Basic Patterns in Union Contracts, 1989,12th ed.,Washington, D.C.: The Bureau of National Affairs.
3. Bob Repas,1984,Contract Administration ,Washington D.C.: The Bureau of National Affairs.
4. Campbell McConnell,1981, Economics: Principles, Problems, and Policies,New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co..
5. Daniel Q. Mills,1989,Labor –Management Relations, New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co..
6. Dan R. Dalton and William D. Todor,march 1981, ”Win, Lose, Draw: The Grievance Process in Practice,” Personnel Administration, vol. 26, no. 3.
7. David Lewin, August 1984,“Empirical Measures of Grievance Procedure Effectiveness,” Labor Law Journal, vol. 35.
8. Dennis R. Nolan,1998,Labor and Employment Arbitration in a nutshell, St. Paul, Minn. : West Group.
9. Donald Rothschild, Leroy Merrifield, and Harry Edwards, 1979,Collective Bargaining and Labor Arbitration,Indianapolis: The Bobbs-Merrill Co..
10. Frank Elkouri and Edna Elkouri,1985,How Arbitration Works,Washington, D.C. :The Bureau of National Affairs.
11. Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service,1991, Forty-Third Annual Report 1990,Washington, D.C.: FMCS Office of Information and Public Affairs.
12. G. W. Bohlander ,1995,”The Federal Services Impasses Panel: A Ten-Year Review and Analysis,” Journal of Collective Negotiations in the Public Sector 24.
13. G.J Bamber and P.Sheldon,2004,”Collective Bargaining:Towards Decentralization?”,in R.Blanpain《Comparative Labour Law andIndustrial Relations in Industrialized Market Economies》,Kluwer Law International:Netherlands.
14. Hoyt N. Wheeler and John A. McClendon,1998, "Employment Relations In The United States, "inGreg J. Bamber and Russell D. Lansbury,《International and Comparative Employment Relations:A Study ofIndustrialised Market Economies》.
15. Howard J. Anderson and John J. Kenny,1983, Primer of Labor Relations ,Washington, D.C.: The Bureau of National Affairs.
16. H. B. Frazier III,1979,”Federal Employment,”in M. K. Gibbons, R. B. Herby, J. Lefkowitz, and B. Z. Tener, eds., Portrait of a Process- Collective Negotiations in Public Employment(Fort Washington, PA: Labor Relations Press).
17. James Kuhn,1967, “The Grievance Process,” in John Dunlop and Neil Chamberlain, eds., Frontiers of Collective Bargaining,New York: Harper and Row.
18. Jeffry Gandz,1979, “Employee Grievances: Incidence and Patterns of Resolution,” in Proceedings of the Thiry-first Annual Meeting, Madison, WI: Industrial Relations Research Association.
19. Jeanne M. Brett and Tove Helland Hammer,1982, “Organizational Behavior and Industrial Relations,”in Thomas A. Kochan, Daniel J.B. Mitchell, and Lee Dyer, eds., Industrial Relations Research in the 1970s: Review and Appraisal, Madison, WI: Industrial Relations Research Association.
20. J.R. Commons,1973,Labor and Administration.
21. John A. Fossum,2002,Labor Relations.
22. John Fossum,1989,Labor Relations: Development, Structure, Process,Homewood, IL: BPI/Irwin.
23. J.T. Mckelvey, 1969,”Fact-Finding in Public Employment Disputes: Promise or Illusion, ”Industrial and Labor Relations Review 23.
24. J.L. Stern,1966, ” The Wisconsin Public Employee Fact-Finding Procedure,” Industrial and Labor Relations Review 20.
25. Kanowitz Leo,1985, Cases and materials on alternative dispute resolution, St. Paul, Minn. : West Pub.
26. Laura J. Cooper and Dennis R. Nolan for the Labor Law Group,1994 , Labor Arbitration: A coursebook, St. Paul, Minn. : West Pub. Co..
27. Leonard Sayles and George Strauss, 1967,The Local Union,New York: Harcourt, Brace, and World.
28. Maurice S. Trotta,1974,Arbitration of Labor-Management Disputes,New York: American Management Association.
29. M. Derber,1988, “Management Organization for Collective Bargaining in the Public Sector,” in B. Aaron, J.M. Najita, and J. L. Stern, Public Sector Bargaining, 2nd ed.(Washington, DC: Bureau of National Affairs).
30. Memorandum from Jewell L. Myers, Director, Office of Arbitration Services, Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service to FMCS Roster of Arbitrators, April 4 1994.
31. Michael E. Gordon,1988, ”Grievance Systems and Workplace Justice : Tests of Behavioral Propositions About Procedural and Distributive Justice,” Proceedings of the Fortieth Annual Meeting, Madison, WI: Industrial Relation Research Association.
32. M. S. Waters, R. C. Hill, W.J.Moore, and R.J.Newman,1994,”A Simultaneous-Equations Model of the Relationship between Public-Sector Bargaining Legislation and Unionization,” Journal of Labor Research 15.
33. Paul Prasow and Edward Peters,1974,Arbitration and Collective Bargaining,New York: American Management Association.
34. P.F. Gerhart, 1976,”Determinants of Bargaining in Local Government Labor Negotiations,” Industrial and Labor Relations Review 29.
35. Raymond Hilgert,October 1978, “An Arbitrator Looks at Grievance Arbitration,” Pensonnel Journal, vol.57, no.10.
36. Richard Hyman,2001,Understanding European Trade Unionism:Between Market,Class & Society,London;Thousand Oaks,Calif.
37. Robert L. Sauer; Keith E. Voelker,1993, Labor Relations.
38. Robert L.Sauer & Keith E. Voelker,1993, Labor Relations-Structure and Process, Macmillan Publishing Company.
39. Ronald W. Haughton,1984, “Running the Hearing,” in Arnold M. Zack, ed., Arbitration in Practice(Ithaca, NY: New York School of Industrial and Labor Relations.
40. Raymond L. Hilgert,October 1978, “Arbitrator Looks at Grievance Arbitration,” Personnel Journal, vol. 58, no. 10.
41. R. W. Fleming,1967,The Arbitration Process,Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press.
42. Sumner Slichter, James Healy, and E. Robert Livernash,1960,The Impact of Collective Bargaining on Management, Washington, D.C. :The Brookings Institution.
43. Stephen J. Rosen,1983, “How Arbitrators View Just Cause,” Proceedings of the Thirty-Fifth Annual Meeting ,Madison, WI: Industrial Relations Research Association.
44. T.A. Kochan and H.N. Wheeler,1975, ”Municipal Collective Bargaining: A Model and Analysis of Bargaining Outcomes,” Industrial and Labor Relations Review 29.
45. William B. Gould,1982,A primer on American Labor Law(Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
網路
1. NLRB官方網站http://www.nlrb.gov/About_Us/overview/
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
勞工研究所
96262016
99
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0096262016
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 張其恆zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 鄭明慧zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 鄭明慧zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 2010en_US
dc.date.accessioned 29-Sep-2011 18:30:43 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 29-Sep-2011 18:30:43 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 29-Sep-2011 18:30:43 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0096262016en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/51021-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 勞工研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 96262016zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 99zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要)   勞資之間自古以來爭議是層出不窮,因此勞資雙方間的爭議解決成為一門很重要的課題,如果爭議遲遲無法解決,勢必也會對社會造成偌大的影響,所以勞資雙方都希望使用和平的方法來解決勞資糾紛,而美國近年來大力推行之爭議解決之道-仲裁,這種經由勞資雙方當事人同意並由第三方介入並裁決的方式,成為美國企業中最常使用來解決糾紛的方法之一。而相較於我國,除集體協商領域不發達外,長年來仲裁之使用率也極低,故本研究欲藉由研究美國之背景與現況,縱向與我國之情形作一剖析。
       本研究使用文獻分析法與比較研究法兩種方式,藉由各方文獻的蒐集、整理與分析美國之原始資料,並以敘述性之方式作成歸納分析。
       本研究主要在探討美國集體勞資爭議制度背景下,勞動仲發展之起源與沿革,藉由仲裁前之申訴程序與仲裁之程序,以期了解美國集體協商制度。並在文末以兩國之制度起源、勞資政三方之角色、制度運作、制度功能,作一簡單之比較,透過兩國之制度背景以了解雙方之差異,且於最後提出筆者之建議與看法。
zh_TW
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論……………………………………………………………………… 1
     第一節 研究動機………………………………………………………………… 1
     第二節 研究目的………………………………………………………………… 2
     第三節 研究方法………………………………………………………………… 3
     第四節 研究範圍及內容………………………………………………………… 3
     第二章 美國勞資爭議處理之制度背景………………………………………… 5
     第一節 勞資關係發展背景……………………………………………………… 5
     一、勞工騎士團…………………………………………………………………… 6
     二、美國勞工聯盟………………………………………………………………… 7
     三、反工會政策…………………………………………………………………… 8
     四、AFL-CIO……………………………………………………………………… 9
     五、一九八O年代以後……………………………………………………………11
     第二節 法規制度發展背景………………………………………………………11
     一、雇主之不當勞動行為…………………………………………………………12
     二、工會之不當勞動行為…………………………………………………………14
     三、僱用歧視………………………………………………………………………18
     四、團體協約………………………………………………………………………19
     第三章 美國勞動仲裁之制度原理與發展………………………………………22
     第一節 仲裁之原理………………………………………………………………22
     一、仲裁之由來……………………………………………………………………22
     二、仲裁之定義……………………………………………………………………23
     三、仲裁之分類……………………………………………………………………23
     四、仲裁之效力……………………………………………………………………26
     第二節 勞動仲裁之發展…………………………………………………………27
     一、早期的司法敵視………………………………………………………………27
     二、勞動仲裁的成長………………………………………………………………28
     第四章 申訴仲裁制度……………………………………………………………36
     第一節 申訴………………………………………………………………………36
     一、申訴程序………………………………………………………………………36
     二、申訴的來源……………………………………………………………………39
     三、一般申訴議題…………………………………………………………………42
     四、申訴率…………………………………………………………………………43
     五、申訴程序的運作………………………………………………………………45
     六、實際的申訴處理………………………………………………………………50
     第二節 申訴仲裁…………………………………………………………………53
     一、仲裁的一般執行特色…………………………………………………………53
     二、申訴仲裁之角色………………………………………………………………65
     三、申訴仲裁的法定架構…………………………………………………………68
     四、申訴仲裁問題…………………………………………………………………72
     第五章 公部門與利益仲裁制度…………………………………………………75
     第一節 公部門……………………………………………………………………75
     一、法律規範………………………………………………………………………76
     二、公部門協商特點………………………………………………………………77
     三、爭議程序………………………………………………………………………79
     四、公部門權利爭議之申訴程序…………………………………………………84
     第二節 利益仲裁…………………………………………………………………85
     一、一般情形………………………………………………………………………85
     二、利益仲裁之標準………………………………………………………………85
     三、最後提案仲裁…………………………………………………………………86
     第六章 結論………………………………………………………………………88
     第一節 我國勞資爭議仲裁制度…………………………………………………88
     第二節 我國與美國勞動仲裁制度之比較………………………………………89
     一、制度起源………………………………………………………………………89
     二、工會角色………………………………………………………………………90
     三、資方角色………………………………………………………………………90
     四、政府角色………………………………………………………………………91
     五、制度功能………………………………………………………………………91
     六、制度運作………………………………………………………………………92
     第三節 結論與建議………………………………………………………………93
     一、結論……………………………………………………………………………94
     二、建議……………………………………………………………………………94
     參考文獻……………………………………………………………………………96
zh_TW
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0096262016en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 勞動仲裁zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 仲裁zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 美國zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 申訴zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 勞資爭議zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Arbitrationen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Laboren_US
dc.title (題名) 美國勞動仲裁制度之研究zh_TW
dc.title (題名) A study of american labor arbitration systemsen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 中文文獻zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 專書zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 1. Harry C. Katz、Hoyt N. Wheeler,2007年,國際與比較勞雇關係。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 2. 成台生,2002年,工會之研究,高雄:復文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 3. 潘世偉,2007年,勞資爭議行為與美國勞資關係之發展,收錄於勞資爭議行為論文集,台北市:行政院勞工委員會。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 4. 焦興鎧,1996年,美國勞工法入門,台北:編譯館。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 5. 黃越欽,2002年,勞動法新論,台北:翰蘆。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 6. 黃啟植,1996年,工會運動,財團法人中華勞工事務基金會。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 7. 焦興鎧,2006年,美國不當勞動行為裁決機制之研究,國改研究報告。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 8. 簡良機,1991年,勞資爭議立法規範及處理制度之研究,台北:五南。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 9. 謝棋楠,2007年,美國勞資爭議行為之行政權機制與實務,勞資爭議行為論文集,台北市:行政院勞工委員會。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 10. 衛民、許繼峰,2002年,勞資關係與爭議問題,台北:空中大學。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 11. 葉賽鶯、陳美伶,1996年,考察英美商務仲裁制度之運作與立法方向報告,台北市:法務部。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 期刊zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 12. 胡姿珍,1993年,中美勞資爭議處理制度之比較,勞工行政第五十九期。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 13. 劉士豪,2008年,我國勞資爭議協調與調解程序初探,台灣勞工第十一期。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 14. 衛民,1991年,美國勞資爭議「仲裁人」的資格與甄選過程,勞工行政第34期。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 15. 彭雪玉,1989年,美國之勞資爭議處理制度,勞工研究季刊第108期。zh_TW
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