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題名 中國氣候變遷對經濟成長影響之研究
The impacts of climate change on China’s economic growth
作者 許怡君
貢獻者 黃智聰
許怡君
關鍵詞 中國
氣候變遷
經濟成長
雙因子固定效果模型
日期 2010
上傳時間 29-Sep-2011 18:33:35 (UTC+8)
摘要 隨著高度的經濟發展,對於溫室氣體的排放逐年遞增,進一步造成了溫室效應以及全球暖化的現象。而全球暖化造成的影響除了極地冰原融化,海平面上升,淹沒較低窪的沿海陸地,衝擊低地國及多數國家沿海精華區。也造成全球氣候變遷,導致不正常暴雨、乾旱現象以及沙漠化現象擴大,對於生態體系、水土資源、經濟成長與生命安全等都會造成傷害。
     文獻上對於經濟成長造成的碳排放量增加,導致溫室效應的研究比比皆是,但是對於全球暖化導致的氣候變遷,對於經濟成長的影響卻是寥寥可數。尤其中國作為世界最大、經濟成長最快的發展中國家,氣候變遷是否會影響其經濟發展,是本研究相當感興趣的議題。因此,本研究將利用1994-2009年中國各主要城市氣候的追蹤資料,搭配雙因子固定效果模型的估計,希望透過本研究,瞭解並分析中國經濟的發展歷程、現況與未來發展趨勢;分析中國氣候變遷對經濟成長的影響,並提出具體的因應對策。
     結果顯示,氣候變遷變數的確會影響中國各省市的經濟成長,表示氣溫越高,對於經濟成長有顯著的負面影響,而且氣溫的穩定性的確會影響經濟成長,符合本研究的假設。接著考慮氣候變遷對於農業產值比重高的地區是否有較大的影響時,發現在農業比重高的地區,降雨量的穩定性會影響經濟成長,也就是說降雨量越不穩定,越不利於經濟成長。若將中國各省市區分為沿海與非沿海地區,也大致得到上述結果。而本研究所得到的結論,證明了氣候變遷對於經濟成長有顯著負面的影響,未來將會是中國追求高度經濟成長所面臨的嚴峻考驗。
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竺可楨(1972),「中國近五千年來氣候變遷的初步研究」,《考古學報》,北京。
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馬澤、任燕、王民官(2001),「西部開發:資金哪來」。人民網,http://www.people.com.cn/BIG5/paper40/2550/381548.html。
高英勛(2004),國際環境公約:促進世界各國共同面對全球性環境問題。台灣環境資訊中心網站,2007年11月26日。取自:http://e-info.org.tw/column/eccpda/2004/ec04062201.htm
張弘遠,「全球氣候異常對於中國總體經濟之影響」,亞太和平月刊(台北),第1卷第3期。
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魏後凱(2004),「中國外商投資區位變遷及其經濟影響」,《重慶工商大學學報》(重慶),第四期,頁26-31。
魏國彥、許晃雄(1997),《全球環境變遷理論》,台北:時英出版社。
二、英文:
Aschauer, D. A. (1989b), “Does Public Capital Crowed Out Private Capital?” Journal of Monetary Economics, 24(2), 171-188.
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Barrios, S., Ouattara, B.; Strobl, E. (2008), “The Impact of Climatic Change on Agricultural Production: Is it Different for Africa?” Food Policy, Vol. 33(4), pp. 287-298.
Baumol, W. J. (1967b), “Macroeconomics of Unbalanced Growth: The Anatomy of Urban Crisis.” Amecrican Economic Review, 57(3), 415-426.
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Brown, C. and Lall, U. (2006), “Water and Development: The Role of Variability and a Framework for Resilience” Natural Resources Forum, Vol. 30(4), pp. 306-17.
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Christiaensen, L., Demery, L. and Paternostro, S. (2002), “Growth, distribution and poverty in Africa: Messages from the 1990s” World Bank Policy Research Working Paper, 2810.
Curriero et al. (2002), “Temperature and Mortality in 11 cities of the eastern United States,” American Journal Epidemiology, Vol. 155(1), pp. 80-87.
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Dasgupta, A. (2007), “Floods and poverty traps: Evidence from Bangladesh.” Economic and Political Weekly, 3166-3171.
Dell, M., Jones B.F., and Olken, B.A. (2009), “Temperature and Income : Reconciling New Cross-Sectional and Panel Estimates.” American Economic Review: Papers & Proceedings, Vol. 99(2), pp. 198-204.
Dell, M., Jones, B. F., & Olken, B. A. (2008),“Climate Change and Economic Growth: Evidence from the Last Half Century.”, NBER Working Paper, No. W14132.
Dercon, S., (1996), “Wealth, risk and activity choices: cattle in Western Tanzania,” CSAE Working Paper Series 1996-08, Centre for the Study of African Economies, University of Oxford.
Dercon, S.,(2002), “Income risk, coping strategies, and safety nets,” The World Bank Research Observer, Vol. 17(2), pp. 141-166.
Diaz, J., Garcia, R., Lopez, C., Linares, C., Tobias, A., and Prieto, L.(2004), Mortality impact of extreme winter temperatures. International Journal Biometeorology, Vol. 49(3), pp. 179-183.
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描述 碩士
國立政治大學
行政管理碩士學程
98921004
99
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0098921004
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 黃智聰zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 許怡君zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 許怡君zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 2010en_US
dc.date.accessioned 29-Sep-2011 18:33:35 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 29-Sep-2011 18:33:35 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 29-Sep-2011 18:33:35 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0098921004en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/51062-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 行政管理碩士學程zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 98921004zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 99zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 隨著高度的經濟發展,對於溫室氣體的排放逐年遞增,進一步造成了溫室效應以及全球暖化的現象。而全球暖化造成的影響除了極地冰原融化,海平面上升,淹沒較低窪的沿海陸地,衝擊低地國及多數國家沿海精華區。也造成全球氣候變遷,導致不正常暴雨、乾旱現象以及沙漠化現象擴大,對於生態體系、水土資源、經濟成長與生命安全等都會造成傷害。
     文獻上對於經濟成長造成的碳排放量增加,導致溫室效應的研究比比皆是,但是對於全球暖化導致的氣候變遷,對於經濟成長的影響卻是寥寥可數。尤其中國作為世界最大、經濟成長最快的發展中國家,氣候變遷是否會影響其經濟發展,是本研究相當感興趣的議題。因此,本研究將利用1994-2009年中國各主要城市氣候的追蹤資料,搭配雙因子固定效果模型的估計,希望透過本研究,瞭解並分析中國經濟的發展歷程、現況與未來發展趨勢;分析中國氣候變遷對經濟成長的影響,並提出具體的因應對策。
     結果顯示,氣候變遷變數的確會影響中國各省市的經濟成長,表示氣溫越高,對於經濟成長有顯著的負面影響,而且氣溫的穩定性的確會影響經濟成長,符合本研究的假設。接著考慮氣候變遷對於農業產值比重高的地區是否有較大的影響時,發現在農業比重高的地區,降雨量的穩定性會影響經濟成長,也就是說降雨量越不穩定,越不利於經濟成長。若將中國各省市區分為沿海與非沿海地區,也大致得到上述結果。而本研究所得到的結論,證明了氣候變遷對於經濟成長有顯著負面的影響,未來將會是中國追求高度經濟成長所面臨的嚴峻考驗。
zh_TW
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論 1
     第一節 研究背景與目的 1
     第二節 研究架構與研究流程 6
     第二章 文獻回顧 8
     第一節 氣候變遷的定義及其成因 8
     第二節 氣候變遷的影響與因應 12
     第三節 氣候變遷與經濟成長之相關文獻 20
     第四節 本章小節 24
     第三章 中國氣候變遷與經濟發展歷程與現況 26
     第一節 中國氣候變遷的歷程與現況 26
     第二節 中國氣候變遷影響經濟發展的現況分析 33
     第三節 本章小節 40
     第四章 研究設計 42
     第一節 研究方法說明 42
     第二節 資料來源與實證模型設定 45
     第三節 實證變數假設 48
     第四節 本章小節 51
     第五章 實證結果與模型檢定 53
     第一節 實證結果分析 53
     第二節 實證模型正確性之檢定 60
     第三節 本章小節 63
     第六章 結論與政策意涵 66
     第一節 結論 66
     第二節 政策意涵 68
zh_TW
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0098921004en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 中國zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 氣候變遷zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 經濟成長zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 雙因子固定效果模型zh_TW
dc.title (題名) 中國氣候變遷對經濟成長影響之研究zh_TW
dc.title (題名) The impacts of climate change on China’s economic growthen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 一、中文:zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 「四川遭遇五十年來最大旱災」,美國之音中文網,2006年8月14日,網址:zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) http://www.voanews.com/chinese/news/a-21-w2006-08-14-voa28-63132137.html。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 中華人民共和國國家統計局(1994-2009),《中國城市統計年鑑》,北京:中國統計出版社。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 中華人民共和國國家統計局(1994-2009),《中國統計年鑑》,北京:中國統計出版社。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 中華人民共和國國國家統計局,http://www.stats.gov.cn/。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 王錚、黎華群、孔祥德、張正遠 (2005) ,《氣候變暖對中國農業影響的歷史借鑒》,《自然科學進展》,第六期。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 台灣大學全球變遷研究中心,網址:http://www.gcc.ntu.edu.tw/。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 吳明進、吳珊珊(2000),「概說氣候變遷」,《科學月刊》,31(5),頁382-388。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 竺可楨(1972),「中國近五千年來氣候變遷的初步研究」,《考古學報》,北京。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 胡思聰 (2010),「正視氣候暖化可能引起的生態變化」,國家政策研究基金會,網址: http://www.npf.org.tw/post/1/6936。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 馬澤、任燕、王民官(2001),「西部開發:資金哪來」。人民網,http://www.people.com.cn/BIG5/paper40/2550/381548.html。zh_TW
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