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題名 論虛擬-從德勒茲回返柏格森
On Virtual: from Deleuze back to Bergson
作者 吳若慈
Wu, Jo Tzu
貢獻者 黃冠閔
Huang, Kuan Min
吳若慈
Wu, Jo Tzu
關鍵詞 虛擬
現實
綿延
意識
生命
行動
創造
virtual
actual
duration
consciousness
life
action
creation
日期 2010
上傳時間 5-Oct-2011 14:35:51 (UTC+8)
摘要 以哲學的角度來關注自我、他人與世界的關係,可以從各種面向來談論,這其
中包括意識、行動等關鍵概念,柏格森以「生命綿延」為存在的基本單元,在
創造的過程中,融合意識與行動於生命的整體經驗之中。德勒茲的柏格森詮
釋,對此創造過程進行了存有學的奠基,以「虛擬性」為柏格森哲學的最終原
則,形成了一種柏格森主義。本論文試圖延著德勒茲的柏格森詮釋,返回柏格
森的諸文本,考察柏格森與德勒茲詮釋下的柏格森面對虛擬的方式與態度有何
異同,進而呈顯出各自對生命創造的動態存有論之理論特徵與意蘊。從而,可
以藉由對意識與行動處理方式的展開,以更新的態度與眼界去重新面對自我、
他人與世界的關係。

本論文將於第一章概述德勒茲的《柏格森主義》之詮釋脈絡與相關問題;第二
章將帶出與意識及行動相關的身心問題,如何在柏格森的哲學脈絡下轉換為動
態生命之虛擬與現實的問題;第三章將從意識層面處理生命綿延與自由行動之
關係與連結;第四章將從行動層面帶出生命綿延之創造過程的特徵與意義。並
在經過考察之後,於結論提示出柏格森的哲學在德勒茲詮釋之外的其他意涵與
在當代脈絡下的可能發展。

From the philosophical point of view, the relationships between self, others, and world are considered in various ways, which include consciousness, action and other
key concepts. Henri Bergson suggested "duration of life" as the basic unity of the existence. In the process of creating , consciousness and action are integrated into the
whole experience of life. According to Gilles Deleuze`s interpretation of Bergson, the process of creating became the foundation of Bergson’s ontology. The concept of
"virtuality" palys the role as the ultimate principle of the philosophy of Bergson, and therefore, the interpretation forms a kind of bergsonism. In this paper, with the context of the Deleuze’s interpretation of Bergson, the author tries to return to the Bergson’s own texts , examine the similar or different points of view and attitudes toward "virtual" between the Deleuze’s interpretation of Bergson and Bergson himself, and then manifest the theorical characteristics and meanings of their dynamic ontologies in life creating. Eventually, after disclosing the operations of consciousness and action, one can get an attitude and a horizon renewed to rehold the relationships between self, others, and world.

In the first chapter, it will focus on Deleuze`s "Bergsonism", elucidating the context of
interpretation and the related issues; in the second chapter, it will bring out that in the context of Bergson`s philosophy, how the mind and body issue related to consciousness and action concerns about the issue of dynamic life between virtual and actual.; in the third chapter, from the consciousness side, it will deal with the
relationships and connections between duration of life and free act; in the fourth chapter, from the action side, it will deal with the characteristics and meanings in the
process of creating of duration of life. After the examinations, the conclusion will suggest the other significations of Bergson’s philosophy except of Deleuze`s
interpretation and explore the potential developments in the contemporary thinking.
參考文獻 一、柏格森專著與譯本
Bergson, Henri, Essai sur les données immédiates de la conscience,Paris: P.U.F., Quadrige, 2005.
Bergson, Henri, and Frank Lubecki Pogson, Time and Free Will, An Essay on the Immediate Data of Consciousness, New York: Dover, 2001.
Bergson, Henri, Matière et mémoire: essai sur la relation du corps à l`esprit, Paris: P.U.F., Quadrige, 2004.
Bergson, Henri, Nancy Margaret Paul, and William Scott Palmer, Matter and Memory, New York: Zone Books, 1988.
Bergson, Henri, L`évolution créatrice, Paris: P.U.F., Quadrige, 2007.
Bergson, Henri, and Arthur Mitchell, Creative Evolution, New York: Modern library, 1944.
Bergson, Henri, La pensée et le mouvant, Paris: P.U.F., Quadrige, 2009.
Bergson, Henri, and Mabelle Louise Cunningham Andison, The Creative Mind: an introduction to metaphysics, New York: Dover, 2007
Bergson, Henri, L’énergie spirituelle, Paris: P.U.F., Quadrige, 2009.
Bergson, Henri, and Herbert Wildon Carr, Mind-energy, lectures and essays,U.S.A.: Greenwood, 1975.
二、德勒茲專著與譯本
Deleuze, Gilles, Le Bergsonisme, Paris: P.U.F., Quadrige, 1998.
Deleuze, Gilles and Hugh Tomlinson and Barbara Habberjam, Bergsonism.New York: Zone Books, 2006.
Deleuze, Gilles, and David Lapoujade, L’île déserte et autres textes: textes et entretiens 1953-1974., Paris: Minuit, 2002.
Deleuze, Gilles, Desert islands and other texts, 1953-1974, Los Angeles, CA:Semiotext(e), 2004.
Deleuze, Gilles, Différence et répétition, Paris: P.U.F., 1976.
Deleuze, Gilles, and Paul Patton, Difference and Repetition, London:Continuum, 2001.
Deleuze, Gilles, Cinéma 1: L`image-mouvement, Paris: Minuit, 1983.
Deleuze, Gilles, Cinema 1: The Movement-Image, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1986.
Deleuze, Gilles, Cinéma 2: L`image-temps, Paris: Minuit, 1985.
Deleuze, Gilles, Hugh Tomlinson, and Robert Galeta, Cinema 2: the Time Image, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2007.
三、研究專書
Ansell-Pearson, Keith. Philosophy and the Adventure of the Virtual:Bergson and the Time of Life. London: Routledge, 2002.
Aumont, J. The Image. London: British Film Institute, 1997.
Bogue, Ronald. Deleuze on Cinema. Deleuze and the arts, 1. New York: Routledge, 2003.
Boundas, Constantin V. Deleuze and Philosophy. Deleuze connections.Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2006.
Charles J. Stivale. Gilles Deleuze: Key Concepts. Chesham: Acumen, 2005.
Claudia, Stancati, Henri Bergson: Esprit et Langage, Paris: Mardaga, 2001
Colebrook, Claire. Gilles Deleuze. London [u.a.]: Routledge, 2002.
Colebrook, Claire, and Gilles Deleuze. Deleuze: A Guide for the Perplexed. London [u.a.]: Continuum, 2007.
Dosse, François, and Jean-Michel Frodon. Gilles Deleuze et les images.Cahiers du cinéma. Paris: Cahiers du cinéma, 2008.
Flaxman, Gregory. The Brain Is the Screen: Deleuze and the Philosophy ofCinema. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2000.
Guerlac, Suzanne. Thinking in Time: An Introduction to Henri Bergson.Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 2006.
Gunn, J. Alexander. Bergson and His Philosophy. BiblioBazaar, LLC, 2006.
Kelly, Michael R., Begson and Phenomenology, N.Y.: Palgtave Macmillan,2010.
Khalfa, Jean, and Gilles Deleuze. An Introduction to the Philosophy of Gilles Deleuze. London: Continuum, 2003.
Lacey, A. R. Bergson. The arguments of the philosophers. London:Routledge, 1989.
Le Roy, Edouard Louis Emmanuel Julien, and Vincent Benson. The New Philosophy of Henri Bergson. BiblioBazaar, LLC, 2008
Marks, John. Gilles Deleuze: Vitalism and Multiplicity. Modern European thinkers. London: Pluto Press, 1998.
Moore, Francis C. Bergson: Thinking Backwards. Cambridge [u.a.]:Cambridge Univ. Press, 1996.
Moulard-Leonard, Valentine. Bergson-Deleuze Encounters: Transcendental Experience and the Thought of the Virtual., NY: State University of New York Press, 2008.
Mullarkey, John. The New Bergson. Angelaki humanities. Manchester:Manchester University Press, 1999.
Mullarkey, John. Bergson and Philosophy. Notre Dame, Ind: University of Notre Dame Press, 2000.
Parr, Adrian. The Deleuze Dictionary. New York: Columbia University Press,2005.
Rodowick, David Norman. Gilles Deleuze`s Time Machine. Postcontemporary interventions. Durham, NC: Duke University Press,1997.
Trifonova, Temenuga. The Image in French Philosophy. Consciousness,literature & the arts, 5. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 2007.
Vieillard-Baron, Jean-Louis, Bergson: La durée et la nature, Paris: P.U.F.,2004.
Williams, James. Gilles Deleuze`s Difference and Repetition: A Critical Introduction and Guide. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press,2003.
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
哲學研究所
95154009
99
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0095154009
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 黃冠閔zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Huang, Kuan Minen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 吳若慈zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Wu, Jo Tzuen_US
dc.creator (作者) 吳若慈zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Wu, Jo Tzuen_US
dc.date (日期) 2010en_US
dc.date.accessioned 5-Oct-2011 14:35:51 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 5-Oct-2011 14:35:51 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 5-Oct-2011 14:35:51 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0095154009en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/51269-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 哲學研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 95154009zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 99zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 以哲學的角度來關注自我、他人與世界的關係,可以從各種面向來談論,這其
中包括意識、行動等關鍵概念,柏格森以「生命綿延」為存在的基本單元,在
創造的過程中,融合意識與行動於生命的整體經驗之中。德勒茲的柏格森詮
釋,對此創造過程進行了存有學的奠基,以「虛擬性」為柏格森哲學的最終原
則,形成了一種柏格森主義。本論文試圖延著德勒茲的柏格森詮釋,返回柏格
森的諸文本,考察柏格森與德勒茲詮釋下的柏格森面對虛擬的方式與態度有何
異同,進而呈顯出各自對生命創造的動態存有論之理論特徵與意蘊。從而,可
以藉由對意識與行動處理方式的展開,以更新的態度與眼界去重新面對自我、
他人與世界的關係。

本論文將於第一章概述德勒茲的《柏格森主義》之詮釋脈絡與相關問題;第二
章將帶出與意識及行動相關的身心問題,如何在柏格森的哲學脈絡下轉換為動
態生命之虛擬與現實的問題;第三章將從意識層面處理生命綿延與自由行動之
關係與連結;第四章將從行動層面帶出生命綿延之創造過程的特徵與意義。並
在經過考察之後,於結論提示出柏格森的哲學在德勒茲詮釋之外的其他意涵與
在當代脈絡下的可能發展。
zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) From the philosophical point of view, the relationships between self, others, and world are considered in various ways, which include consciousness, action and other
key concepts. Henri Bergson suggested "duration of life" as the basic unity of the existence. In the process of creating , consciousness and action are integrated into the
whole experience of life. According to Gilles Deleuze`s interpretation of Bergson, the process of creating became the foundation of Bergson’s ontology. The concept of
"virtuality" palys the role as the ultimate principle of the philosophy of Bergson, and therefore, the interpretation forms a kind of bergsonism. In this paper, with the context of the Deleuze’s interpretation of Bergson, the author tries to return to the Bergson’s own texts , examine the similar or different points of view and attitudes toward "virtual" between the Deleuze’s interpretation of Bergson and Bergson himself, and then manifest the theorical characteristics and meanings of their dynamic ontologies in life creating. Eventually, after disclosing the operations of consciousness and action, one can get an attitude and a horizon renewed to rehold the relationships between self, others, and world.

In the first chapter, it will focus on Deleuze`s "Bergsonism", elucidating the context of
interpretation and the related issues; in the second chapter, it will bring out that in the context of Bergson`s philosophy, how the mind and body issue related to consciousness and action concerns about the issue of dynamic life between virtual and actual.; in the third chapter, from the consciousness side, it will deal with the
relationships and connections between duration of life and free act; in the fourth chapter, from the action side, it will deal with the characteristics and meanings in the
process of creating of duration of life. After the examinations, the conclusion will suggest the other significations of Bergson’s philosophy except of Deleuze`s
interpretation and explore the potential developments in the contemporary thinking.
en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 導論.................................................2

第一章 《柏格森主義》作為回返起點.......................13
第一節 綿延:兩種差異方式的本質考察......................14
第二節 記憶:存在本質的內部特性及存有原則的確立...........20
第三節 生命衝動:從內部本質外在化為個別存有者.............30

第二章 心物關係作為現實與虛擬的問題......................34
第一節 心靈面向的考察..................................34
第二節 物質面向的考察..................................41
第三節 心靈與物質的交會................................47

第三章 現實:意識作用的平面............................55
第一節 意識與自由的關係................................56
第二節 意識與認知的關係................................65
第三節 意識的自由行動與意識的再認活動....................74

第四章 虛擬:創造行動的努力.............................83
第一節 無意識與虛擬的意義...............................84
第二節 純粹回憶與生命衝動...............................88
第三節 創造的自由......................................96

結論................................................104

參考文獻.............................................111
zh_TW
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0095154009en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 虛擬zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 現實zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 綿延zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 意識zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 生命zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 行動zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 創造zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) virtualen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) actualen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) durationen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) consciousnessen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) lifeen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) actionen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) creationen_US
dc.title (題名) 論虛擬-從德勒茲回返柏格森zh_TW
dc.title (題名) On Virtual: from Deleuze back to Bergsonen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 一、柏格森專著與譯本zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bergson, Henri, Essai sur les données immédiates de la conscience,Paris: P.U.F., Quadrige, 2005.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bergson, Henri, and Frank Lubecki Pogson, Time and Free Will, An Essay on the Immediate Data of Consciousness, New York: Dover, 2001.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bergson, Henri, Matière et mémoire: essai sur la relation du corps à l`esprit, Paris: P.U.F., Quadrige, 2004.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bergson, Henri, Nancy Margaret Paul, and William Scott Palmer, Matter and Memory, New York: Zone Books, 1988.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bergson, Henri, L`évolution créatrice, Paris: P.U.F., Quadrige, 2007.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bergson, Henri, and Arthur Mitchell, Creative Evolution, New York: Modern library, 1944.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bergson, Henri, La pensée et le mouvant, Paris: P.U.F., Quadrige, 2009.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bergson, Henri, and Mabelle Louise Cunningham Andison, The Creative Mind: an introduction to metaphysics, New York: Dover, 2007zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bergson, Henri, L’énergie spirituelle, Paris: P.U.F., Quadrige, 2009.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bergson, Henri, and Herbert Wildon Carr, Mind-energy, lectures and essays,U.S.A.: Greenwood, 1975.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 二、德勒茲專著與譯本zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Deleuze, Gilles, Le Bergsonisme, Paris: P.U.F., Quadrige, 1998.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Deleuze, Gilles and Hugh Tomlinson and Barbara Habberjam, Bergsonism.New York: Zone Books, 2006.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Deleuze, Gilles, and David Lapoujade, L’île déserte et autres textes: textes et entretiens 1953-1974., Paris: Minuit, 2002.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Deleuze, Gilles, Desert islands and other texts, 1953-1974, Los Angeles, CA:Semiotext(e), 2004.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Deleuze, Gilles, Différence et répétition, Paris: P.U.F., 1976.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Deleuze, Gilles, and Paul Patton, Difference and Repetition, London:Continuum, 2001.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Deleuze, Gilles, Cinéma 1: L`image-mouvement, Paris: Minuit, 1983.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Deleuze, Gilles, Cinema 1: The Movement-Image, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1986.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Deleuze, Gilles, Cinéma 2: L`image-temps, Paris: Minuit, 1985.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Deleuze, Gilles, Hugh Tomlinson, and Robert Galeta, Cinema 2: the Time Image, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2007.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 三、研究專書zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ansell-Pearson, Keith. Philosophy and the Adventure of the Virtual:Bergson and the Time of Life. London: Routledge, 2002.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Aumont, J. The Image. London: British Film Institute, 1997.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bogue, Ronald. Deleuze on Cinema. Deleuze and the arts, 1. New York: Routledge, 2003.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Boundas, Constantin V. Deleuze and Philosophy. Deleuze connections.Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2006.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Charles J. Stivale. Gilles Deleuze: Key Concepts. Chesham: Acumen, 2005.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Claudia, Stancati, Henri Bergson: Esprit et Langage, Paris: Mardaga, 2001zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Colebrook, Claire. Gilles Deleuze. London [u.a.]: Routledge, 2002.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Colebrook, Claire, and Gilles Deleuze. Deleuze: A Guide for the Perplexed. London [u.a.]: Continuum, 2007.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Dosse, François, and Jean-Michel Frodon. Gilles Deleuze et les images.Cahiers du cinéma. Paris: Cahiers du cinéma, 2008.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Flaxman, Gregory. The Brain Is the Screen: Deleuze and the Philosophy ofCinema. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2000.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Guerlac, Suzanne. Thinking in Time: An Introduction to Henri Bergson.Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 2006.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Gunn, J. Alexander. Bergson and His Philosophy. BiblioBazaar, LLC, 2006.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kelly, Michael R., Begson and Phenomenology, N.Y.: Palgtave Macmillan,2010.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Khalfa, Jean, and Gilles Deleuze. An Introduction to the Philosophy of Gilles Deleuze. London: Continuum, 2003.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lacey, A. R. Bergson. The arguments of the philosophers. London:Routledge, 1989.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Le Roy, Edouard Louis Emmanuel Julien, and Vincent Benson. The New Philosophy of Henri Bergson. BiblioBazaar, LLC, 2008zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Marks, John. Gilles Deleuze: Vitalism and Multiplicity. Modern European thinkers. London: Pluto Press, 1998.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Moore, Francis C. Bergson: Thinking Backwards. Cambridge [u.a.]:Cambridge Univ. Press, 1996.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Moulard-Leonard, Valentine. Bergson-Deleuze Encounters: Transcendental Experience and the Thought of the Virtual., NY: State University of New York Press, 2008.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Mullarkey, John. The New Bergson. Angelaki humanities. Manchester:Manchester University Press, 1999.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Mullarkey, John. Bergson and Philosophy. Notre Dame, Ind: University of Notre Dame Press, 2000.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Parr, Adrian. The Deleuze Dictionary. New York: Columbia University Press,2005.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Rodowick, David Norman. Gilles Deleuze`s Time Machine. Postcontemporary interventions. Durham, NC: Duke University Press,1997.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Trifonova, Temenuga. The Image in French Philosophy. Consciousness,literature & the arts, 5. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 2007.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Vieillard-Baron, Jean-Louis, Bergson: La durée et la nature, Paris: P.U.F.,2004.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Williams, James. Gilles Deleuze`s Difference and Repetition: A Critical Introduction and Guide. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press,2003.zh_TW