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題名 考量移動特性於耐延遲網路之團隊省電機制設計
Energy-aware grouping design by considering moving pattern for delay tolerant networks
作者 劉勇麟
Liu, Yung Lin
貢獻者 蔡子傑
Tsai, Tzu Chieh
劉勇麟
Liu, Yung Lin
關鍵詞 耐延遲網路
路由協定
團隊
省電
delay Tolerant Network
routing protocol
group
energy-aware
日期 2010
上傳時間 4-Sep-2013 17:06:09 (UTC+8)
摘要 在傳統的DTN路由協定中，由於網路拓樸的快速變動，為了能將訊息封包傳送到目的地，通常是透過大量的複製，或是透過資訊的過濾與計算，將封包交由適合的節點來協助傳送。
然而在電池電源有限的條件之下，過於冗餘的封包複製傳遞，或CPU運算的大量使用，將使得節點容易因電量耗盡而失去傳遞的功能，不只是造成整體系統的存活時間(System Lifetime)降低，亦非常不利於維持整體網路的傳遞成功率(Delivery Ratio)。
在旅行的過程中，同行的人們通常具有相同的移動軌跡以及最終目的地，因而形成團體行動的模式；針對這樣的特性，我們採用每個團隊只留下一位領隊來統籌探索鄰居及封包傳遞的概念，透過GPS的資訊輔助來設計出組隊省電機制，延長節點存活時間，進而提升系統存活時間，並在運算複雜度較低且封包冗餘複製亦降低的狀況下，仍保有不錯的傳遞成功率以及較低的效能衰減。
In traditional routing protocols of DTNs, most of them are using redundancy messages and information computing to make a good relay decision.
Due to energy limitation, too many redundant message transmissions or high computing will make nodes die off quickly. It will decrease the system lifetime and diminish the delivery ratio of the whole system.
When people go on a tour, friends always form a group due that members have a similar moving path and destination. Based on the features of moving patterns, we design a grouping scheme, namely, Energy-aware Grouping, with the concept that there is only one node awake in a group in charge of contact and message transmissions. With the assistance by GPS, our method has reduced the numbers of redundant message transmissions and information computing. Simulation results show that it can extend the system lifetime with maintaining still good delivery ratio
參考文獻 [1] Jian Shen, Sangman Moh, Ilyong Chung, “Routing Protocols in Delay Tolerant Networks: A Comparative Survey”, The 23rd International Technical Conference on Circuits/Systems,Computers and Communications, pp. 1577 - 1580, 8 July, 2008
[2] E.P.C. Jones and P.A.S ward, “Routing Strategies for Delay-Tolerant Networks”, Submitted to Computer Communacation Review,2008
[3] T.Armstrong, “Wake-up Based Power Management in Multihop Wireless Networks”, Term Survey Paper, University of Toronto.
[4] VAHDAT, A., AND BECKER, D. “Epidemic routing for partially connected ad hoc networks”, Technical Report CS-200006, Duke University, April 2000.
[5] R. H. Frenkiel, B. R. Badrinath, J. Borres, and R. D. Yates, “The infostations challenge: balancing cost and ubiquity in delivering wireless data”, IEEE Personal Communications, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 66–71, 2000
[6] J. Lebrun, C.-N. Chuah, D. Ghosal, and M. Zhang, “Knowledge-based opportunistic forwarding in vehicular wireless ad hoc networks”, in Proceedings of IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC), vol. 4, pp. 2289–2293, May 2005.
[7] A. Lindgren, A. Doria, and O. Schelen, “Probabilistic routing in intermittently connected networks”, in Proc. First International Workshop on Service Assurance with Partial and Intermittent Resources, pp. 239––254,2004.
[8] H. Dang and H. Wu, “Clustering and Cluster-Based Routing Protocol for Delay-Tolerant Mobile Networks”, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, Vol. 9, No.6, pp.1874–1881, June 2010.
[9] P. Hui, A. Chaintreau, J. Scott, R. Gass, J. Crowcroft, and C. Diot, “Pocket switched networks and human mobility in conference environments”, in Proc. ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on DTN and Related Topics, pp. 244––251, 2005.
[10] T. Spyropoulos, K. Psounis, and C. S. Raghavendra, “Spray and wait: an efficient routing design for intermittently connected mobile networks”, in Proc. ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on DTN and Related Topics,pp. 252––259, 2005.
[11] C. Liu and J. Wu, “Scalable routing in delay tolerant networks”, in Proc.ACM MobiHoc, 2007.
[12] A. Chaintreau, P. Hui, J. Crowcroft, C. Diot, R. Gass, and J. Scott, “Impact of human mobility on the design of opportunistic forwarding algorithms”, in Proc. IEEE INFOCOM, pp. 1––13, 2006.
[13] M. Kim, D. Kotz, and S. Kim, “Extracting a mobility model from real user traces”, in Proc. IEEE INFOCOM, pp. 1––13, 2006.
[14] T. Spyropoulos, K. Psounis, and C. Raghavendra, “Performance analysis of mobility-assisted routing”, in Proc. MobiHoc’06: 7th ACM International Symposium on Mobile Ad Hoc Networking and Computing,pp. 49––60, 2006.
[15] J. Leguay, T. Friedman, and V. Conan, “DTN routing in a mobility pattern space”, in Proc. WDTN‘05: 2005 ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Delay-tolerant Networking, pp. 276––283, 2005.
[16] B. Chen, K. Jamieson, H. Balakrishnan, and R. Morris, “Span: An energy-efficient coordination algorithm for topology maintenance in ad hoc wireless networks”. In Proceedings of the 7th ACM International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking, pages 85–96, Rome, Italy, July 2001
[17] B.Awerbuch, D.Holmer and H. Rubens, “The Pulse Protocol: Energy Efficient Infrastructure Access”, IEEE INFOCOM, 2004
[18] E. Shih, P. Bahl, M. J. Sincalir, “Wake on wireless: An event driven energy saving strategy for battery operated devices“, Proceedings of ACM Mobicom, 2002.
[19] M. J. Miller, N. H. Vaidya, ”Power save mechanisms for multihop wireless networks, Proceedings of 1st International Conference on Broadband Networks”, 2004.
[20] R. Zheng, J. Hou, and L. Shab, “Asynchronous wakeup for ad hoc networks”. The Fourth ACM International Symposium on Mobile Ad Hoc Networking and Computing (MobiHoc 03), January 2003
[21] Tseng, Y.-C., Hsu, C.-S., Hsieh, T.-Y., “Power-saving protocols for IEEE 802.11-based multi-hop ad hoc networks ,” Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking, Vol.43, No.3, pp.317-337, 2003.
[22] Yong Xi , M. Chuah , K. Chang, “Performance evaluation of a power management scheme for disruption tolerant network”, Mobile Networks and Applications, v.12 n.5, p.370-380, December 2007
[23] L. M. Feeney and M. Nilsson, “Investigating the energy consumption of a wireless network interface in an ad hoc network”, In INFOCOM, 2001.
[24] Ari Keränen, Jörg Ott, Teemu Kärkkäinen, “The ONE Simulator for DTN Protocol Evaluation”, in SIMUTools’09: 2nd International Conference on Simulation Tools ans Techniques, Rome, March 2-6,2009
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
資訊科學學系
97753015
99
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0097753015
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 蔡子傑zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Tsai, Tzu Chiehen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 劉勇麟zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Liu, Yung Linen_US
dc.creator (作者) 劉勇麟zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Liu, Yung Linen_US
dc.date (日期) 2010en_US
dc.date.accessioned 4-Sep-2013 17:06:09 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 4-Sep-2013 17:06:09 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 4-Sep-2013 17:06:09 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0097753015en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/60240-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 資訊科學學系zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 97753015zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 99zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 在傳統的DTN路由協定中，由於網路拓樸的快速變動，為了能將訊息封包傳送到目的地，通常是透過大量的複製，或是透過資訊的過濾與計算，將封包交由適合的節點來協助傳送。
然而在電池電源有限的條件之下，過於冗餘的封包複製傳遞，或CPU運算的大量使用，將使得節點容易因電量耗盡而失去傳遞的功能，不只是造成整體系統的存活時間(System Lifetime)降低，亦非常不利於維持整體網路的傳遞成功率(Delivery Ratio)。
在旅行的過程中，同行的人們通常具有相同的移動軌跡以及最終目的地，因而形成團體行動的模式；針對這樣的特性，我們採用每個團隊只留下一位領隊來統籌探索鄰居及封包傳遞的概念，透過GPS的資訊輔助來設計出組隊省電機制，延長節點存活時間，進而提升系統存活時間，並在運算複雜度較低且封包冗餘複製亦降低的狀況下，仍保有不錯的傳遞成功率以及較低的效能衰減。		zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) In traditional routing protocols of DTNs, most of them are using redundancy messages and information computing to make a good relay decision.
Due to energy limitation, too many redundant message transmissions or high computing will make nodes die off quickly. It will decrease the system lifetime and diminish the delivery ratio of the whole system.
When people go on a tour, friends always form a group due that members have a similar moving path and destination. Based on the features of moving patterns, we design a grouping scheme, namely, Energy-aware Grouping, with the concept that there is only one node awake in a group in charge of contact and message transmissions. With the assistance by GPS, our method has reduced the numbers of redundant message transmissions and information computing. Simulation results show that it can extend the system lifetime with maintaining still good delivery ratio		en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents CHAPTER 1 Introduction 1
1.1 Background 1
1.2 Motivation 1
1.3 Our Goal 2
1.4 Organization 2
CHAPTER 2 Related Work 3
2.1 Flooding-based routing Protocol 4
2.1.1 Epidemic Routing Protocol 4
2.1.2 Direct Contact Routing Protocol 4
2.2 Forwarding-based Protocol 5
2.2.1 Location-based Routing Protocol 5
2.2.2 Gradient Routing Protocol 5
2.2.3 Clustering and Cluster-Based Routing Protocol for Delay-Tolerant Mobile Networks 6
2.3 Wakeup scheduling in multi-hop wireless networks 6
2.3.1 Scheduled Rendezvous 7
2.3.2 On-demand 7
2.3.3 Asynchronous 8
CHAPTER 3 Energy-aware Grouping Design 10
3.1 System Model 11
3.2 Moving Pattern 11
3.2.1 Scenario 1：Nodes Never Depart 12
3.2.2 Scenario 2：Nodes May Depart or Join 12
3.2.3 Scenario 3：Nodes Move Randomly 12
3.3 Energy-aware Grouping (EG) Design 14
3.3.1 Methods choose when contact between method 1 (M1) and method 2 (M2) 15
3.3.2 Method 1 (M1) for less variation 16
3.3.3 Method 2 (M2) for the environment with groups will change 18
3.4 Message Relay Policy 20
CHAPTER 4 Simulation and Results 22
4.1 Simulation Setup 23
4.1.1 General Settings of Simulator 24
4.1.2 Parameters about Energy Consumption 25
4.2 Simulation Results 26
4.2.1 Nodes Never Depart 26
4.2.2 Nodes May Depart or Join 31
4.2.3 Nodes Move Randomly 35
CHAPTER 5 Conclusions and Future Work 38
5.1 Conclusion 38
5.2 Future Work 38
References 39		zh_TW
dc.format.extent 1396857 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0097753015en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 耐延遲網路zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 路由協定zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 團隊zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 省電zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) delay Tolerant Networken_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) routing protocolen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) groupen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) energy-awareen_US
dc.title (題名) 考量移動特性於耐延遲網路之團隊省電機制設計zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Energy-aware grouping design by considering moving pattern for delay tolerant networksen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) [1] Jian Shen, Sangman Moh, Ilyong Chung, “Routing Protocols in Delay Tolerant Networks: A Comparative Survey”, The 23rd International Technical Conference on Circuits/Systems,Computers and Communications, pp. 1577 - 1580, 8 July, 2008
[2] E.P.C. Jones and P.A.S ward, “Routing Strategies for Delay-Tolerant Networks”, Submitted to Computer Communacation Review,2008
[3] T.Armstrong, “Wake-up Based Power Management in Multihop Wireless Networks”, Term Survey Paper, University of Toronto.
[4] VAHDAT, A., AND BECKER, D. “Epidemic routing for partially connected ad hoc networks”, Technical Report CS-200006, Duke University, April 2000.
[5] R. H. Frenkiel, B. R. Badrinath, J. Borres, and R. D. Yates, “The infostations challenge: balancing cost and ubiquity in delivering wireless data”, IEEE Personal Communications, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 66–71, 2000
[6] J. Lebrun, C.-N. Chuah, D. Ghosal, and M. Zhang, “Knowledge-based opportunistic forwarding in vehicular wireless ad hoc networks”, in Proceedings of IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC), vol. 4, pp. 2289–2293, May 2005.
[7] A. Lindgren, A. Doria, and O. Schelen, “Probabilistic routing in intermittently connected networks”, in Proc. First International Workshop on Service Assurance with Partial and Intermittent Resources, pp. 239––254,2004.
[8] H. Dang and H. Wu, “Clustering and Cluster-Based Routing Protocol for Delay-Tolerant Mobile Networks”, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, Vol. 9, No.6, pp.1874–1881, June 2010.
[9] P. Hui, A. Chaintreau, J. Scott, R. Gass, J. Crowcroft, and C. Diot, “Pocket switched networks and human mobility in conference environments”, in Proc. ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on DTN and Related Topics, pp. 244––251, 2005.
[10] T. Spyropoulos, K. Psounis, and C. S. Raghavendra, “Spray and wait: an efficient routing design for intermittently connected mobile networks”, in Proc. ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on DTN and Related Topics,pp. 252––259, 2005.
[11] C. Liu and J. Wu, “Scalable routing in delay tolerant networks”, in Proc.ACM MobiHoc, 2007.
[12] A. Chaintreau, P. Hui, J. Crowcroft, C. Diot, R. Gass, and J. Scott, “Impact of human mobility on the design of opportunistic forwarding algorithms”, in Proc. IEEE INFOCOM, pp. 1––13, 2006.
[13] M. Kim, D. Kotz, and S. Kim, “Extracting a mobility model from real user traces”, in Proc. IEEE INFOCOM, pp. 1––13, 2006.
[14] T. Spyropoulos, K. Psounis, and C. Raghavendra, “Performance analysis of mobility-assisted routing”, in Proc. MobiHoc’06: 7th ACM International Symposium on Mobile Ad Hoc Networking and Computing,pp. 49––60, 2006.
[15] J. Leguay, T. Friedman, and V. Conan, “DTN routing in a mobility pattern space”, in Proc. WDTN‘05: 2005 ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Delay-tolerant Networking, pp. 276––283, 2005.
[16] B. Chen, K. Jamieson, H. Balakrishnan, and R. Morris, “Span: An energy-efficient coordination algorithm for topology maintenance in ad hoc wireless networks”. In Proceedings of the 7th ACM International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking, pages 85–96, Rome, Italy, July 2001
[17] B.Awerbuch, D.Holmer and H. Rubens, “The Pulse Protocol: Energy Efficient Infrastructure Access”, IEEE INFOCOM, 2004
[18] E. Shih, P. Bahl, M. J. Sincalir, “Wake on wireless: An event driven energy saving strategy for battery operated devices“, Proceedings of ACM Mobicom, 2002.
[19] M. J. Miller, N. H. Vaidya, ”Power save mechanisms for multihop wireless networks, Proceedings of 1st International Conference on Broadband Networks”, 2004.
[20] R. Zheng, J. Hou, and L. Shab, “Asynchronous wakeup for ad hoc networks”. The Fourth ACM International Symposium on Mobile Ad Hoc Networking and Computing (MobiHoc 03), January 2003
[21] Tseng, Y.-C., Hsu, C.-S., Hsieh, T.-Y., “Power-saving protocols for IEEE 802.11-based multi-hop ad hoc networks ,” Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking, Vol.43, No.3, pp.317-337, 2003.
[22] Yong Xi , M. Chuah , K. Chang, “Performance evaluation of a power management scheme for disruption tolerant network”, Mobile Networks and Applications, v.12 n.5, p.370-380, December 2007
[23] L. M. Feeney and M. Nilsson, “Investigating the energy consumption of a wireless network interface in an ad hoc network”, In INFOCOM, 2001.
[24] Ari Keränen, Jörg Ott, Teemu Kärkkäinen, “The ONE Simulator for DTN Protocol Evaluation”, in SIMUTools’09: 2nd International Conference on Simulation Tools ans Techniques, Rome, March 2-6,2009		zh_TW