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題名 「意義,之所在」:艾蜜莉狄金生詩中的沉默不語與銷聲匿跡
“Where the Meanings, Are - ”: Silence and the Unpresented in Emily Dickinson’s Poetry
作者 周詩苑
Chou, Shih Yuan
貢獻者 楊麗敏
Yang, Li Min
周詩苑
Chou, Shih Yuan
關鍵詞 艾蜜莉狄金生
沉默不語
銷聲匿跡
狗
海
情詩
大自然
Emily Dickinson
silence
the unpresented
dog
sea
love poems
nature
日期 2015
上傳時間 1-Oct-2015 14:09:10 (UTC+8)
摘要 本論文檢視艾蜜莉狄金生詩中的沉默不語與銷聲匿跡。第一章為現今狄金生研究的基本介紹與本論文章節編排。一個關於「我一早出發–帶著我的狗–」 (富蘭克林656) 的簡單問題燃起第二章的書寫與隨後的整本論文：在護送詩中人前往海邊之後，詩中人的狗去了哪裡? 為了獲得答案，我並列閱讀四首提到狗的詩，這四首詩分別是「我一早出發–帶著我的狗–」 (富蘭克林656)、「我的花園裡馳騁著一隻鳥兒」 (富蘭克林370)、「又一次–他的聲音在門邊–」 (富蘭克林274)、「我該如何是好–牠如此嗚咽著–」 (富蘭克林237)。檢視以上四首提到狗的詩，使我大有斬獲：首先，我發現這幾首詩的主題其實是人與人之間的關係，尤其是女性詩中人與男性的關係。再者，透過並置閱讀這四首詩，讀者能發現狗總是不在詩中人的特殊經驗之中，只在其外；這意味著狗代表詩中人的日常生活身份。第三章緣起於並置閱讀四首詩時，得到的第三個發現：詩中人與男人之間的互動通常都是靜默的，而他們的溝通方式常常只是一個眼神，而不是有聲的對話。於是第三章深入探索狄金生對沉默的依賴：「我–已–離家–多年–」 (富蘭克林440首版)、「不可能平凡–再次–我說–」 (富蘭克林388)以及「永遠在他身邊走」 (富蘭克林264)：第三章深談沉默在最刺激或痛苦的時刻中帶來的效果。第四章將沉默從人際關係拓展到天人關係： 「我聽到最遠的雷聲」 (富蘭克林1665首版)、「鳥兒從南邊報告-」 (富蘭克林780)、「在夏天比鳥兒還深遠」 (富蘭克林895首版與第四版)不只展示沉默的意義，也揭露自然對人類的不同態度。第五章則為本論文結語：我簡略整理本論文中所討論到的狄金生作品的共通點。
This thesis delves into the silence and the unpresented in Emily Dickinson’s poetry. Chapter One is the basic background introduction to the existing Dickinson scholarship and the chapter organization of the whole thesis. A very simple question regarding “I started Early - Took my Dog - ” (Fr656) ignites the writing of Chapter Two and subsequently the whole thesis: where is the speaker’s dog after he escorts the speaker to the seashore? I piece together four poems mentioning dogs to secure an answer and my choices of poems are “I started Early - Took my Dog - ” (Fr656), “Within my garden rides a bird” (Fr370), “Again - his voice is at the door” (Fr274) and “What shall I do - it whimpers so - ” (Fr237). Examining the above four poems where dogs appear produces fruitful results: firstly it leads to the finding that the theme of these poems is in fact human relationship, especially that between the female speaker and the man. Furthermore, it enables readers an interpretation that the dog signifies the speaker’s ordinary subjectivity, since the dog keeps her company only when the speaker is outside of a special experience, rather than within. Chapter Three is initiated by the third interesting discovery made during the process of reading the poems with dogs: the interaction between the speaker and the man is usually silent and their method of communication is very often just a look, instead of verbal conversations. It is Dickinson’s reliance on silence that propels my investigation of “I - Years - had been - from Home - ” (Fr440 A), “It would never be Common - more - I said - ” (Fr388) and “Forever at His side to walk” (Fr264) in Chapter Three: at the most intensely exciting or nerve-wracking moment of life lies the power of silence and its effect is discussed in detail. Chapter Four expands the scale of silence from the human relationship to the man and nature connection: poems such as “The farthest Thunder that I heard” (Fr1665A), “The Birds reported from the South-” (Fr780) and “Further in Summer than the Birds -” (Fr895A, D) demonstrate not only the signification of silence but also different attitudes the nature holds towards human beings. Chapter Five is the conclusion of this thesis, in which I summarize the common ground among all Dickinson’s works discussed in this thesis.
參考文獻 The following abbreviations are used to refer to the writings of Emily Dickinson:
     Fr The Poems of Emily Dickinson. ed. R. W. Franklin. 3 vols. Cambridge, MA:
     Harvard UP, 1998. Citation by poem number.
     L The Letters of Emily Dickinson. ed. Thomas H. Johnson and Theodora Ward.
     Belknap Press of Harvard UP, 1986. Print. Citation by letter
     number.
     Alfrey, Shawn. “Against Calvary: Emily Dickinson and the Sublime.” Emily
     Dickinson Journal 7.2 (1998): 48–64. Print.
     ---. The Sublime of Intense Sociability: Emily Dickinson, H.D., and Gertrude Stein.
     Bucknell UP, 2000. Print.
     Arensberg, Mary. The American Sublime. State University of New York Press,
     Albany, 1986. Print.
     Bauer, Matthias. “The Language of Dogs: Mythos and Logos in Emily Dickinson.”
     Connotations: A Journal for Critical Debate 5.2-3 (1995-1996): 208-27. Print.
     Baym, Nina. The Norton Anthology of American Literature. New York: W.W. Norton,
     2003. Print.
     Boggs, Colleen Glenney. “Emily Dickinson’s Animal Pedagogies.” PMLA 124. 2
     (2009): 533-41. Print.
     Cameron, Sharon. Lyric Time: Dickinson and the Limits of Genre. Baltimore: John
     Hopkins UP, 1979. Print.
     Capps, Jack L. Emily Dickinson`s Reading: 1836-1886. Ann Arbor (Mich.): UMI on
     Demand, 1995. Print.
     Deppman, Jed. Trying to Think with Emily Dickinson. Amherst: University of
     Massachusetts Press, 2008. Print.
     Deppman, Jed, Marianne Noble, and Gary Lee Stonum, eds. Emily Dickinson and
     Philosophy. Cambridge UP, 2013. Print.
     Diehl, Joanne Feit. “Another way to see - Dickinson and the Counter-Sublime.”
     Women Poets and the American Sublime. Indiana UP, 1990. 26-43. Print.
     ---. Dickinson and the Romantic Imagination. Princeton: Princeton University
     Press, 1981. Print.
     ---. “The Ample Word: Immanence and Authority in Dickinson`s Poetry.” Emily
     Dickinson Journal 14.2 (2005): 1-11. Print.
     Eberwein, Jane Donahue. Dickinson, Strategies of Limitation. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1985. Print.
     ---. “Dickinson and the Calvinist Tradition.” Emerson Society Quarterly 33.2 (1987): 67-81. Print.
     ---, ed. An Emily Dickinson Encyclopedia. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press,
     1998. Print.
     Eberwein, Jane Donahue and Cindy MacKenzie, eds. Reading Emily Dickinson’s
     Letter: Critical Essays. University of Massachusetts Press, 2009. Print.
     Emerson, Ralph Waldo. Compensation: an Excerpt from Collected Essays, First
     Series. Rockville, MD: ARC Manor, 2007. Print.
     Emerson, Ralph Waldo, and Brooks Atkinson. The Essential Writings of Ralph Waldo
     Emerson. New York: Modern Library, 2000. Print.
     Evans, Meagan. “‘Itself is all the like’: Selfsameness in the Poetry of Emily
     Dickinson.” The Emily Dickinson Journal 20.2 (2011): 83-105. Print.
     Falk, Marcia. . “Poem 1581 Kinds of Difficulty in ‘The farthest Thunder that I heard’.” Women’s Studies 16 (1989): 151-154. Print.
     Farr, Judith. The Passion of Emily Dickinson. Harvard UP. 1992. Print.
     ---. The Gardens of Emily Dickinson. Harvard UP. 2004. Print.
     Fathi, Farnoosh. “‘Tell all the truth but tell it slant-’: Dickinson’s Poetics of Indirection in Contemporary Poetry.” The Emily Dickinson Journal 17.2 (2008): 77-99. Print.
     Figley, Mary Rhodes “‘Brown Kisses’ and ‘Shaggy Feet’: How Carlo Illuminates
     Dickinson for Children.” The Emily Dickinson Journal 14.2 (2005):
     120-127. Print.
     Finnerty, Páraic. Emily Dickinson’s Shakespeare. Amherst, Mass.: University of
     Massachusetts Press, 2006.
     Frank, Berhard. “Dickinson’s ‘I Started Early…’: an anatomy or, Whatever Happened
     to Emily’s Dog.” Dickinson Studies. Brentwood, Md.: Higginson Press. no. 76
     (1990): 14-20. Print.
     Franke, William. “‘The Missing All’: Emily Dickinson’s Apophatic Poetics.”
     Christianity and Literature 58.1 (Autumn 2008): 61-80. Print.
     Franklin, R.W, ed. The Poems of Emily Dickinson. Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap
     Harvard UP, 1998. Vol.1-3. Print.
     Freedman, Linda. Emily Dickinson and the Religious Imagination. Cambridge
     UP, 2010. Print.
     Freeman, Margaret H. “Emily Dickinson and the Discourse of Intimacy.” Semantics of Silences in Linguistics and Literature. Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag C.
     Winter, 1996: 191-210. Print.
     Guerra, Jonnie G. “Dickinson’s I Started Early-Took my Dog.” Explicator 50.2
     (1992): 78-80. Print.
     Habegger, Alfred. My Wars Are Laid Away in Books: the Life of Emily Dickinson. NY: Modern Library, 2002. Print.
     Hagenbüchle, Roland. “Precision and Indeterminacy in the Poetry of Emily
     Dickinson.” Emerson Society Quarterly 20.1 (1974): 33-56. Print.
     ---. “Sign and Process: The Concept of language in Emerson and Dickinson.”
     Emerson Society Quarterly 25.3 (1979): 137-55. Print.
     ---. “‘Sumptuous Despair’: The Function of Desire in Emily Dickinson’s Poetry.”
     The Emily Dickinson Journal 5.2 (1996): 1-9. Print.
     Hallen, Cynthia L, ed. Emily Dickinson Lexicon. Brigham Young University, June 21 2010. Web. ﹤http://edl.byu.edu/lexicon﹥
     Harper, Lisa. “‘The Eyes accost-and Sunder’: Unveiling Emily Dickinson’s Poetics.” The Emily Dickinson Journal 9.1 (2000): 21-48. Print.
     Higginson, T.G. “Emily Dickinson’s Letters.” The Atlantic Monthly. October 1891.
     Homan, Margaret. Bearing the Word: Experience in Nineteenth-Century Women’s
     Writing. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1986. Print.
     ---. “‘Syllables of Velvet’: Dickinson, Rossetti, and the Rhetorics of Sexuality.”
     Feminist Studies 11 (1985): 564-93. Print.
     ---.Women Writers and Poetic Identity: Dorothy Wordsworth, Emily Bronte, and
     Emily Dickinson. Princeton: Princeton UP, 1981. Print.
     Juhasz, Suzanne. “Writing Doubly: Emily Dickinson and Female Experience.” Legacy Emily Dickinson: A Centenary Issue 3.1 (Spring 1986), 5-15. Print.
     Kant, Immanuel. Critique of Aesthetic Judgment,1790. Trans. J. C. Meredith.
     Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1911. Print.
     Kher, Inder Nath. The Landscape of Absence: Emily Dickinson’s Poetry. New Haven
     and London: Yale UP, 1974. Print.
     Ladin, Joy. “‘This Consciousness that is aware’: The Consolation of Emily
     Dickinson’s Phenomenology.” Wider than the Sky: Essays and Meditations on
     the Healing Power of Emily Dickinson. Eds. Cindy Mackenzie. Barbara Dana. Kent, Ohio: The Kent UP. 2007. 33-43. Print.
     Landry, H. Jordan. “Animal / Insectual / Lesbian Sex: Dickinson’s Queer Version of
     the Birds and the Bees.” The Emily Dickinson Journal 9.2 (2000): 42-54. Print.
     Leiter, Sharon, ed. Critical Companion to Emily Dickinson. NY: Facts on File, 2007.
     Print.
     Leyda, Jay. The Years and Hours of Emily Dickinson. New Haven, Yale University
     Press, 1960. Print.
     Lind, Sidney E. “‘Further in Summer than the Birds’ and Nathaniel Hawthorne’s ‘The Old Manse’.” American Literature: A Journal of Literary History, Criticism, and Bibliography 39.2 (1967): 163-69.
     Loeffelholz, Mary. Dickinson and the Boundaries of Feminsit Theory. University of Illinois Press, 1991. Print.
     Lyotard, Jean-François. Lessons on the Analytic of the Sublime. Trans. Elizaberh
     Ronenberg. Palo Alto: Stanford UP, 1994. Print.
     McIntosh, James. Nimble Believing: Dickinson and the Unknown. University of
     Michigan Press, 2004. Print.
     McNeil, Helen. Emily Dickinson. London: Virago, 1986. Print.
     Miller, Cristanne. Emily Dickinson: A Poet’s Grammar. Cambridge: Harvard
     UP, 1987. Print.
     ---. “Terms and Golden Words: Alternatives of Control on Dickinson’s Poetry.” Emerson Society Quarterly 28.1 (1982): 48-62. Print.
     ---. Reading in Time- Emily Dickinson in the Nineteenth Century. University of
     Massachusetts Press. 2012. Print.
     ---. “The Sound of Shifting Paradigms, or Hearing Dickinson in the Twenty-First
     Century.” A Historical Guide to Emily Dickinson. Ed. Vivian R. Pollak. Oxford UP, 2004. 201-234. Print.
     Mudge, Jean McClure. Emily Dickinson and the Image of Home. Amherst: University
     of Massachusetts Press, 1975. Print.
     Noble, Marianne. “Emily Dickinson’s Uses of Sentimental Masochism.” The
     Masochistic Pleasures of Sentimental Literature. Princeton UP,
     2000. 147-189. Print.
     O’Maley, Carrie. “Dickinson’s I Started Early-Took my Dog-.” Explicator 61.2
     (2003): 86-88. Print.
     Packer, Barbara. “Poem 1581.” Women’s Studies 16 (1989): 155-158. Print.
     Pickard, John B. Emily Dickinson: an Introduction and Interpretation. University of
     Florida Press, 1967. Print.
     Pollak, Vivian R. Dickinson: The Anxiety of Gender. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1984. Print.
     ---, ed. A Historical Guide to Emily Dickinson. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. Print.
     Pomarè, Carla. “A ‘Silver Reticence’: Emily Dickinson’s Rhetoric of Silence.”Semantics of Silences in Linguistics and Literature. Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag C. Winter, 1996: 211-222. Print.
     Porter, David. “The Crucial Experience in Emily Dickinson’s Poetry.” Emerson Society Quarterly 20.4 (1974): 280-290. Print.
     Rashid, Frank D. “Emily Dickinson’s Voice of Endings.” Emerson Society Quarterly 31.1 (1985): 23-37. Print.
     Rogoff, Jay. “Certain Slants: Learning from Dickinson`s Oblique Precision.” Emily
     Dickinson Journal 17.2 (2008): 39-54. Print.
     Selinger, Eric Murphy. “Chapter 2: Bondage as Play.” What is it Then Between Us?:
     Traditions of Love in American Poetry. Cornell UP, 1998. 56-76. Print.
     Shakinovsky, Lynn. “Notes on No Frame of Reference the Absence of Context in
     Emily Dickinson Poetry.” The Emily Dickinson Journal 3.2 (1994): 19-37. Print.
     Sielke, Sabine. Fashioning the Female Subject: the Intertextual Networking of
     Dickinson, Moore, and Rich. University of Michigan, 1997. Print.
     ---.“Dickinson’s Threshold Glances, or Putting the Subject on Edge.” The Emily Dickinson Journal 5.2 (1996): 93-99. Print.
     Smith, Martha Nell. Rowing in Eden: Rereading Emily Dickinson. Austin: U of Texas P, 1992
     Socarides, Alexandra. Dickinson Unbound: Paper, Process, Poetics. Oxford
     UP, 2012. Print.
     Spengemann, William C. Three American Poets. University of Notre Dame Press, 2010. Print.
     Stonum, Gary Lee. The Dickinson Sublime. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press,
     1990. Print.
     ---.“Emily’s Heathcliff: Metaphysical Love in Dickinson and Bronte.” Emily
     Dickinson Journal 20.1 (2011): 22-33. Print.
     “Subjectivity.” Oxford English Dictionary. Web. 27 Jul. 2015.
     Todd, John Emerson. Emily Dickinson`s Use of the Persona. The Hague: Mouton,
     1973. Print.
     Tufariello, Catherine. “Chapter 9: The Remembering Wine: Emerson`s Influence On
     Whitman And Dickinson.” The Cambridge Companion to Ralph Waldo Emerson. Ed. Joel Porte and Saundra Morris. Cambridge UP, 2006. 162-191. Print.
     Vendler, Helen. Dickinson: Selected Poems and Commentaries. Harvard University
     Press, 2010. Print.
     Wardrop, Daneen. Emily Dickinson and the Labor of Clothing. University of New
     Hampshire Press, 2009. Print
     Webster, Noah. An American Dictionary of the English Language. 2 vols. Amherst:
     J.S. & C. Adams. 1844. Print.
     Weisbuch, Robert. Emily Dickinson’s Poetry. Chicago: University of Chicago Press,
     1972. Print.
     ---. “Prisming Dickinson; or, Gathering Paradise by Letting Go.” The Emily
     Dickinson Handbook. Ed. Grabherm Gudrun. Roland Hagenbuchle, and Cristanne Miller. University of Massachusetts Press, 1998. 197-223. Print.
     Weiskel, Thomas. The Romantic Sublime: Studies in the Structure and Psychology of
     Transcendence. Baltimore: John Hopkins UP, 1976. Print.
     Wolff, Cynthia Griffin. Emily Dickinson. New York: Knopf, 1986.
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
英國語文學研究所
98551012
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0098551012
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 楊麗敏zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Yang, Li Minen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 周詩苑zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Chou, Shih Yuanen_US
dc.creator (作者) 周詩苑zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Chou, Shih Yuanen_US
dc.date (日期) 2015en_US
dc.date.accessioned 1-Oct-2015 14:09:10 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 1-Oct-2015 14:09:10 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 1-Oct-2015 14:09:10 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0098551012en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/78709-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 英國語文學研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 98551012zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本論文檢視艾蜜莉狄金生詩中的沉默不語與銷聲匿跡。第一章為現今狄金生研究的基本介紹與本論文章節編排。一個關於「我一早出發–帶著我的狗–」 (富蘭克林656) 的簡單問題燃起第二章的書寫與隨後的整本論文：在護送詩中人前往海邊之後，詩中人的狗去了哪裡? 為了獲得答案，我並列閱讀四首提到狗的詩，這四首詩分別是「我一早出發–帶著我的狗–」 (富蘭克林656)、「我的花園裡馳騁著一隻鳥兒」 (富蘭克林370)、「又一次–他的聲音在門邊–」 (富蘭克林274)、「我該如何是好–牠如此嗚咽著–」 (富蘭克林237)。檢視以上四首提到狗的詩，使我大有斬獲：首先，我發現這幾首詩的主題其實是人與人之間的關係，尤其是女性詩中人與男性的關係。再者，透過並置閱讀這四首詩，讀者能發現狗總是不在詩中人的特殊經驗之中，只在其外；這意味著狗代表詩中人的日常生活身份。第三章緣起於並置閱讀四首詩時，得到的第三個發現：詩中人與男人之間的互動通常都是靜默的，而他們的溝通方式常常只是一個眼神，而不是有聲的對話。於是第三章深入探索狄金生對沉默的依賴：「我–已–離家–多年–」 (富蘭克林440首版)、「不可能平凡–再次–我說–」 (富蘭克林388)以及「永遠在他身邊走」 (富蘭克林264)：第三章深談沉默在最刺激或痛苦的時刻中帶來的效果。第四章將沉默從人際關係拓展到天人關係： 「我聽到最遠的雷聲」 (富蘭克林1665首版)、「鳥兒從南邊報告-」 (富蘭克林780)、「在夏天比鳥兒還深遠」 (富蘭克林895首版與第四版)不只展示沉默的意義，也揭露自然對人類的不同態度。第五章則為本論文結語：我簡略整理本論文中所討論到的狄金生作品的共通點。zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) This thesis delves into the silence and the unpresented in Emily Dickinson’s poetry. Chapter One is the basic background introduction to the existing Dickinson scholarship and the chapter organization of the whole thesis. A very simple question regarding “I started Early - Took my Dog - ” (Fr656) ignites the writing of Chapter Two and subsequently the whole thesis: where is the speaker’s dog after he escorts the speaker to the seashore? I piece together four poems mentioning dogs to secure an answer and my choices of poems are “I started Early - Took my Dog - ” (Fr656), “Within my garden rides a bird” (Fr370), “Again - his voice is at the door” (Fr274) and “What shall I do - it whimpers so - ” (Fr237). Examining the above four poems where dogs appear produces fruitful results: firstly it leads to the finding that the theme of these poems is in fact human relationship, especially that between the female speaker and the man. Furthermore, it enables readers an interpretation that the dog signifies the speaker’s ordinary subjectivity, since the dog keeps her company only when the speaker is outside of a special experience, rather than within. Chapter Three is initiated by the third interesting discovery made during the process of reading the poems with dogs: the interaction between the speaker and the man is usually silent and their method of communication is very often just a look, instead of verbal conversations. It is Dickinson’s reliance on silence that propels my investigation of “I - Years - had been - from Home - ” (Fr440 A), “It would never be Common - more - I said - ” (Fr388) and “Forever at His side to walk” (Fr264) in Chapter Three: at the most intensely exciting or nerve-wracking moment of life lies the power of silence and its effect is discussed in detail. Chapter Four expands the scale of silence from the human relationship to the man and nature connection: poems such as “The farthest Thunder that I heard” (Fr1665A), “The Birds reported from the South-” (Fr780) and “Further in Summer than the Birds -” (Fr895A, D) demonstrate not only the signification of silence but also different attitudes the nature holds towards human beings. Chapter Five is the conclusion of this thesis, in which I summarize the common ground among all Dickinson’s works discussed in this thesis.en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents Table of Contents
     Acknowledgements iv
     Chinese Abstract vii
     English Abstract ix
     Chapter One 1
     Introduction 1
     1.1 Literature Review 1
     1.2 Methodology 7
     1.3 Chapter Organization 10
     Chapter Two 15
     The Dog as the Speaker`s Ordinary Subjectivity: the Case of “I Started Early - Took My Dog - ” 15
     2.1 Introduction 15
     2.2 “I Started Early - Took My Dog - ” (Fr656) 16
     2.3 “Forgets Her Own Locality-” (Fr255 A) 22
     2.4 The Rare and Precious “We” in Dickinson’s Poetry 28
     2.5 The Bewildering Existence of the Dog 33
     2.5.1 From the Perspective of “Started Early - ” 33
     2.5.2 From the Perspective of Other Poems 36
     2.6 Conclusion 40
     Chapter Three 45
     “Too Exquisite - to Tell - ”: The Unpresentable in Emily Dickinson’s Poems 45
     3.1 Introduction 45
     3.2 Literature Review 46
     3.3 Silence in Dickinson’s Poems 48
     3.4 Dickinson’s Ideal communication 60
     3.5 The Role of Silence in Dickinson’s Love Poems 62
     3.6 Conclusion: Dickinson’s Ideal Relationship 69
     Chapter Four 73
     “Their Graspless Manners”: Silence in Dickinson’s Nature Poems………………..73
     4.1 Introduction 73
     4.2 The Impenetrable Quality of Nature 75
     4.3 Nature’s Gentleness towards Mankind 82
     4.4 The Effect of Revision and the Signification of Silence 87
     4.5 Conclusion 97
     Chapter Five 99
     Conclusion 99
     Appendix: A List of Reference Poems Discussed in This Thesis 107
     Works Cited 133		zh_TW
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0098551012en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 艾蜜莉狄金生zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 沉默不語zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 銷聲匿跡zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 狗zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 海zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 情詩zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 大自然zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Emily Dickinsonen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) silenceen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) the unpresenteden_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) dogen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) seaen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) love poemsen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) natureen_US
dc.title (題名) 「意義,之所在」:艾蜜莉狄金生詩中的沉默不語與銷聲匿跡zh_TW
dc.title (題名) “Where the Meanings, Are - ”: Silence and the Unpresented in Emily Dickinson’s Poetryzh_TW
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) The following abbreviations are used to refer to the writings of Emily Dickinson:
     Fr The Poems of Emily Dickinson. ed. R. W. Franklin. 3 vols. Cambridge, MA:
     Harvard UP, 1998. Citation by poem number.
     L The Letters of Emily Dickinson. ed. Thomas H. Johnson and Theodora Ward.
     Belknap Press of Harvard UP, 1986. Print. Citation by letter
     number.
     Alfrey, Shawn. “Against Calvary: Emily Dickinson and the Sublime.” Emily
     Dickinson Journal 7.2 (1998): 48–64. Print.
     ---. The Sublime of Intense Sociability: Emily Dickinson, H.D., and Gertrude Stein.
     Bucknell UP, 2000. Print.
     Arensberg, Mary. The American Sublime. State University of New York Press,
     Albany, 1986. Print.
     Bauer, Matthias. “The Language of Dogs: Mythos and Logos in Emily Dickinson.”
     Connotations: A Journal for Critical Debate 5.2-3 (1995-1996): 208-27. Print.
     Baym, Nina. The Norton Anthology of American Literature. New York: W.W. Norton,
     2003. Print.
     Boggs, Colleen Glenney. “Emily Dickinson’s Animal Pedagogies.” PMLA 124. 2
     (2009): 533-41. Print.
     Cameron, Sharon. Lyric Time: Dickinson and the Limits of Genre. Baltimore: John
     Hopkins UP, 1979. Print.
     Capps, Jack L. Emily Dickinson`s Reading: 1836-1886. Ann Arbor (Mich.): UMI on
     Demand, 1995. Print.
     Deppman, Jed. Trying to Think with Emily Dickinson. Amherst: University of
     Massachusetts Press, 2008. Print.
     Deppman, Jed, Marianne Noble, and Gary Lee Stonum, eds. Emily Dickinson and
     Philosophy. Cambridge UP, 2013. Print.
     Diehl, Joanne Feit. “Another way to see - Dickinson and the Counter-Sublime.”
     Women Poets and the American Sublime. Indiana UP, 1990. 26-43. Print.
     ---. Dickinson and the Romantic Imagination. Princeton: Princeton University
     Press, 1981. Print.
     ---. “The Ample Word: Immanence and Authority in Dickinson`s Poetry.” Emily
     Dickinson Journal 14.2 (2005): 1-11. Print.
     Eberwein, Jane Donahue. Dickinson, Strategies of Limitation. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1985. Print.
     ---. “Dickinson and the Calvinist Tradition.” Emerson Society Quarterly 33.2 (1987): 67-81. Print.
     ---, ed. An Emily Dickinson Encyclopedia. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press,
     1998. Print.
     Eberwein, Jane Donahue and Cindy MacKenzie, eds. Reading Emily Dickinson’s
     Letter: Critical Essays. University of Massachusetts Press, 2009. Print.
     Emerson, Ralph Waldo. Compensation: an Excerpt from Collected Essays, First
     Series. Rockville, MD: ARC Manor, 2007. Print.
     Emerson, Ralph Waldo, and Brooks Atkinson. The Essential Writings of Ralph Waldo
     Emerson. New York: Modern Library, 2000. Print.
     Evans, Meagan. “‘Itself is all the like’: Selfsameness in the Poetry of Emily
     Dickinson.” The Emily Dickinson Journal 20.2 (2011): 83-105. Print.
     Falk, Marcia. . “Poem 1581 Kinds of Difficulty in ‘The farthest Thunder that I heard’.” Women’s Studies 16 (1989): 151-154. Print.
     Farr, Judith. The Passion of Emily Dickinson. Harvard UP. 1992. Print.
     ---. The Gardens of Emily Dickinson. Harvard UP. 2004. Print.
     Fathi, Farnoosh. “‘Tell all the truth but tell it slant-’: Dickinson’s Poetics of Indirection in Contemporary Poetry.” The Emily Dickinson Journal 17.2 (2008): 77-99. Print.
     Figley, Mary Rhodes “‘Brown Kisses’ and ‘Shaggy Feet’: How Carlo Illuminates
     Dickinson for Children.” The Emily Dickinson Journal 14.2 (2005):
     120-127. Print.
     Finnerty, Páraic. Emily Dickinson’s Shakespeare. Amherst, Mass.: University of
     Massachusetts Press, 2006.
     Frank, Berhard. “Dickinson’s ‘I Started Early…’: an anatomy or, Whatever Happened
     to Emily’s Dog.” Dickinson Studies. Brentwood, Md.: Higginson Press. no. 76
     (1990): 14-20. Print.
     Franke, William. “‘The Missing All’: Emily Dickinson’s Apophatic Poetics.”
     Christianity and Literature 58.1 (Autumn 2008): 61-80. Print.
     Franklin, R.W, ed. The Poems of Emily Dickinson. Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap
     Harvard UP, 1998. Vol.1-3. Print.
     Freedman, Linda. Emily Dickinson and the Religious Imagination. Cambridge
     UP, 2010. Print.
     Freeman, Margaret H. “Emily Dickinson and the Discourse of Intimacy.” Semantics of Silences in Linguistics and Literature. Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag C.
     Winter, 1996: 191-210. Print.
     Guerra, Jonnie G. “Dickinson’s I Started Early-Took my Dog.” Explicator 50.2
     (1992): 78-80. Print.
     Habegger, Alfred. My Wars Are Laid Away in Books: the Life of Emily Dickinson. NY: Modern Library, 2002. Print.
     Hagenbüchle, Roland. “Precision and Indeterminacy in the Poetry of Emily
     Dickinson.” Emerson Society Quarterly 20.1 (1974): 33-56. Print.
     ---. “Sign and Process: The Concept of language in Emerson and Dickinson.”
     Emerson Society Quarterly 25.3 (1979): 137-55. Print.
     ---. “‘Sumptuous Despair’: The Function of Desire in Emily Dickinson’s Poetry.”
     The Emily Dickinson Journal 5.2 (1996): 1-9. Print.
     Hallen, Cynthia L, ed. Emily Dickinson Lexicon. Brigham Young University, June 21 2010. Web. ﹤http://edl.byu.edu/lexicon﹥
     Harper, Lisa. “‘The Eyes accost-and Sunder’: Unveiling Emily Dickinson’s Poetics.” The Emily Dickinson Journal 9.1 (2000): 21-48. Print.
     Higginson, T.G. “Emily Dickinson’s Letters.” The Atlantic Monthly. October 1891.
     Homan, Margaret. Bearing the Word: Experience in Nineteenth-Century Women’s
     Writing. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1986. Print.
     ---. “‘Syllables of Velvet’: Dickinson, Rossetti, and the Rhetorics of Sexuality.”
     Feminist Studies 11 (1985): 564-93. Print.
     ---.Women Writers and Poetic Identity: Dorothy Wordsworth, Emily Bronte, and
     Emily Dickinson. Princeton: Princeton UP, 1981. Print.
     Juhasz, Suzanne. “Writing Doubly: Emily Dickinson and Female Experience.” Legacy Emily Dickinson: A Centenary Issue 3.1 (Spring 1986), 5-15. Print.
     Kant, Immanuel. Critique of Aesthetic Judgment,1790. Trans. J. C. Meredith.
     Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1911. Print.
     Kher, Inder Nath. The Landscape of Absence: Emily Dickinson’s Poetry. New Haven
     and London: Yale UP, 1974. Print.
     Ladin, Joy. “‘This Consciousness that is aware’: The Consolation of Emily
     Dickinson’s Phenomenology.” Wider than the Sky: Essays and Meditations on
     the Healing Power of Emily Dickinson. Eds. Cindy Mackenzie. Barbara Dana. Kent, Ohio: The Kent UP. 2007. 33-43. Print.
     Landry, H. Jordan. “Animal / Insectual / Lesbian Sex: Dickinson’s Queer Version of
     the Birds and the Bees.” The Emily Dickinson Journal 9.2 (2000): 42-54. Print.
     Leiter, Sharon, ed. Critical Companion to Emily Dickinson. NY: Facts on File, 2007.
     Print.
     Leyda, Jay. The Years and Hours of Emily Dickinson. New Haven, Yale University
     Press, 1960. Print.
     Lind, Sidney E. “‘Further in Summer than the Birds’ and Nathaniel Hawthorne’s ‘The Old Manse’.” American Literature: A Journal of Literary History, Criticism, and Bibliography 39.2 (1967): 163-69.
     Loeffelholz, Mary. Dickinson and the Boundaries of Feminsit Theory. University of Illinois Press, 1991. Print.
     Lyotard, Jean-François. Lessons on the Analytic of the Sublime. Trans. Elizaberh
     Ronenberg. Palo Alto: Stanford UP, 1994. Print.
     McIntosh, James. Nimble Believing: Dickinson and the Unknown. University of
     Michigan Press, 2004. Print.
     McNeil, Helen. Emily Dickinson. London: Virago, 1986. Print.
     Miller, Cristanne. Emily Dickinson: A Poet’s Grammar. Cambridge: Harvard
     UP, 1987. Print.
     ---. “Terms and Golden Words: Alternatives of Control on Dickinson’s Poetry.” Emerson Society Quarterly 28.1 (1982): 48-62. Print.
     ---. Reading in Time- Emily Dickinson in the Nineteenth Century. University of
     Massachusetts Press. 2012. Print.
     ---. “The Sound of Shifting Paradigms, or Hearing Dickinson in the Twenty-First
     Century.” A Historical Guide to Emily Dickinson. Ed. Vivian R. Pollak. Oxford UP, 2004. 201-234. Print.
     Mudge, Jean McClure. Emily Dickinson and the Image of Home. Amherst: University
     of Massachusetts Press, 1975. Print.
     Noble, Marianne. “Emily Dickinson’s Uses of Sentimental Masochism.” The
     Masochistic Pleasures of Sentimental Literature. Princeton UP,
     2000. 147-189. Print.
     O’Maley, Carrie. “Dickinson’s I Started Early-Took my Dog-.” Explicator 61.2
     (2003): 86-88. Print.
     Packer, Barbara. “Poem 1581.” Women’s Studies 16 (1989): 155-158. Print.
     Pickard, John B. Emily Dickinson: an Introduction and Interpretation. University of
     Florida Press, 1967. Print.
     Pollak, Vivian R. Dickinson: The Anxiety of Gender. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1984. Print.
     ---, ed. A Historical Guide to Emily Dickinson. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. Print.
     Pomarè, Carla. “A ‘Silver Reticence’: Emily Dickinson’s Rhetoric of Silence.”Semantics of Silences in Linguistics and Literature. Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag C. Winter, 1996: 211-222. Print.
     Porter, David. “The Crucial Experience in Emily Dickinson’s Poetry.” Emerson Society Quarterly 20.4 (1974): 280-290. Print.
     Rashid, Frank D. “Emily Dickinson’s Voice of Endings.” Emerson Society Quarterly 31.1 (1985): 23-37. Print.
     Rogoff, Jay. “Certain Slants: Learning from Dickinson`s Oblique Precision.” Emily
     Dickinson Journal 17.2 (2008): 39-54. Print.
     Selinger, Eric Murphy. “Chapter 2: Bondage as Play.” What is it Then Between Us?:
     Traditions of Love in American Poetry. Cornell UP, 1998. 56-76. Print.
     Shakinovsky, Lynn. “Notes on No Frame of Reference the Absence of Context in
     Emily Dickinson Poetry.” The Emily Dickinson Journal 3.2 (1994): 19-37. Print.
     Sielke, Sabine. Fashioning the Female Subject: the Intertextual Networking of
     Dickinson, Moore, and Rich. University of Michigan, 1997. Print.
     ---.“Dickinson’s Threshold Glances, or Putting the Subject on Edge.” The Emily Dickinson Journal 5.2 (1996): 93-99. Print.
     Smith, Martha Nell. Rowing in Eden: Rereading Emily Dickinson. Austin: U of Texas P, 1992
     Socarides, Alexandra. Dickinson Unbound: Paper, Process, Poetics. Oxford
     UP, 2012. Print.
     Spengemann, William C. Three American Poets. University of Notre Dame Press, 2010. Print.
     Stonum, Gary Lee. The Dickinson Sublime. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press,
     1990. Print.
     ---.“Emily’s Heathcliff: Metaphysical Love in Dickinson and Bronte.” Emily
     Dickinson Journal 20.1 (2011): 22-33. Print.
     “Subjectivity.” Oxford English Dictionary. Web. 27 Jul. 2015.
     Todd, John Emerson. Emily Dickinson`s Use of the Persona. The Hague: Mouton,
     1973. Print.
     Tufariello, Catherine. “Chapter 9: The Remembering Wine: Emerson`s Influence On
     Whitman And Dickinson.” The Cambridge Companion to Ralph Waldo Emerson. Ed. Joel Porte and Saundra Morris. Cambridge UP, 2006. 162-191. Print.
     Vendler, Helen. Dickinson: Selected Poems and Commentaries. Harvard University
     Press, 2010. Print.
     Wardrop, Daneen. Emily Dickinson and the Labor of Clothing. University of New
     Hampshire Press, 2009. Print
     Webster, Noah. An American Dictionary of the English Language. 2 vols. Amherst:
     J.S. & C. Adams. 1844. Print.
     Weisbuch, Robert. Emily Dickinson’s Poetry. Chicago: University of Chicago Press,
     1972. Print.
     ---. “Prisming Dickinson; or, Gathering Paradise by Letting Go.” The Emily
     Dickinson Handbook. Ed. Grabherm Gudrun. Roland Hagenbuchle, and Cristanne Miller. University of Massachusetts Press, 1998. 197-223. Print.
     Weiskel, Thomas. The Romantic Sublime: Studies in the Structure and Psychology of
     Transcendence. Baltimore: John Hopkins UP, 1976. Print.
     Wolff, Cynthia Griffin. Emily Dickinson. New York: Knopf, 1986.		zh_TW